The new millennia has been characterised by developments in the digital world, creating a new space for social work practice globally. The aim of this research is to explore the online medium as an alternative resource for social work with online groups through an observation and interviews in an online group for Bipolar Disorderin Sweden. The results found that lived experience proved central to all forms of participation and support was seen as a resource to be shared. The implications for social work practice were found on multiple levels with broad areas of influence, such as utilising the online medium as an alternative source of insight, thereby allowing needs assessment, both onindividual and [sub]group level. Accessibility by way of the internet was seen as a catalyser to participation as well as a comprehensive method in creating such communities both locally and internationally through the development of digital social work.

Abstract [sv]

I det tidigare hamn- och industriområdet Alderholmen i Gävle planeras byggnation av 600 nya lägenheter med start år 2020. Vid provtagningar påträffades höga kon-centrationer av polyaromatiska kolväten (PAH) i marken på Gävle Strand där Etapp 3 ska byggas. Bland dessa PAH-er påträffades kreosot, som innehåller en blandning av många olika fenoliska beståndsdelar som guaiacol och

meta-kresol (m-kresol). I dagsläget finns det inte många studier som behandlar jästsvampars nedbrytning av guaiacol och m-kresol utan litteraturen tenderar att undersöka bakteriell nedbryt-ning. I den här studien undersöktes om fem jästisolat tillhörande Ascomycota och Ba-sidiomycota kunde växa i närvaro guaiacol och m-kresol, och bryta ned dem. De jäst-isolat som studerades var Candida argentea FGAA004, Rhodotorula araucariae FMYH002b, Goffeauzyma gastrica FMYH004, Debaryomyces sp. FLYA002 och en oi-dentifierad jästsvamp, SGY001. Ur de experimentella testerna som genomfördes framgick att samtliga jästisolat klarade av att växa i närvaro av guaiacol och m-kresol. Det framkom också att m-kresol var mer toxiskt än guaiacol för samtliga jästisolat, vilket bekräftade tidigare utförda studier om jästsvampars relativa känslighet mot guaiacol och m-kresol. Det var det oidentifierade jästisolatet SGY001 som klarade av att växa i de högsta guaiacol- och m-kresolkoncentrationerna. Därför beslutades att endast undersöka om SGY001 kunde bryta ned guaiacol och m-kresol. Vid biodegra-deringsförsöken som följde kunde ingen nedbrytning detekteras av vare sig guaiacol eller m-kresol, och det skulle ha kunnat bero på att för låga koncentrationer hade valts. Jästcellerna (SGY001) hade antingen utvecklat resistens på grund av de låga koncentrationerna, eller nedärvd resistens mot de båda föroreningarna. Jästcellerna i denna studie tålde en högre koncentration av guaiacol och m-kresol än jästisolat i andra studier, vilket syntes på IC50-värdena. Det kan ha berott på närvaron av glukos i odlingsmediet som användes i den här studien. Jästcellerna kan eventuellt ha und-vikit att använda guaiacol eller m-kresol som kolkälla och istället valt att använda glukos. Med tanke på att SGY001 inte kunde biodegradera vare sig guaiacol eller m-kresol skulle inte jästisolatet kunna användas som in situ-metod på Gävle Strand vid Etapp 3 i dagsläget. I ett större perspektiv finns däremot förhoppningen att den här studien kan bidra med nya infallsvinklar i jästsvampars potential för nedbrytning av föroreningar på Gävle Strand vid Etapp 3, samt i andra stadsmiljöer.

Abstract [en]

600 new apartments are planned to be built in the former harbor- and industry area Alderholmen, Gävle, starting in 2020. Soil samples have shown high concentrations of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in the ground where Etapp 3 is to be built at Gävle Strand. Creosote was present among these PAHs, and it consists of a mixture of many different phenolic compounds, such as guaiacol and

meta-cresol (m-cresol). At present, there are few studies on the biodegradation of guaiacol and m-cresol by yeasts, since the literature tends to examine bacterial degradation. The present study investigates if five yeast isolates, belonging to Ascomycota and Basidiomycota could grow in the presence of guaiacol and m-cresol, and biodegrade them. The iso-lates studied were, Candida argentea FGAA004, Rhodotorula araucariae FMYH002b, Goffeauzyma gastrica FMYH004, Debaryomyces sp. FLYA002 and an unidentified yeast, SGY001. Based on the results of the experimental tests for tolerance level off each isolate, it was concluded that all yeast isolates were able to grow in the presence of guaiacol and m-cresol. Another finding was that m-cresol was more toxic to all the isolates as compared to guaiacol, which confirmed prior studies regarding the rela-tive sensitivity of the yeasts to guaiacol and m-cresol. It was the unidentified yeast isolate SGY001, which manage to grow at the highest guaiacol- and m-cresol con-centrations. Thus, it was decided to only investigate whether SGY001was able to biodegrade guaiacol and m-cresol. During the biodegradation tests that followed, no degradation of guaiacol and m-cresol could be detected, and this could have been due to the selection of too low concentrations. The yeast cells (SGY001) had either developed resistance because of the low concentrations used, or they had inherent resistance to the two contaminants. The yeasts of this study withstood a higher con-centration of guaiacol and m-cresol than yeast isolates in other studies, which was evidenced by the IC50 values. It could have been due to the presence of glucose in the growth medium. The yeast cells could have avoided the utilization of guaiacol or m-cresol as carbon source, and instead chosen to use glucose. Considering that SGY001 was not able to biodegrade guaiacol nor m-cresol, this isolate would not be possible to apply in an in situ method at Gävle Strand by Etapp 3 at present. In a larger perspective, there is a hope that the present study could contribute new ap-proaches as to the potential of yeasts as biodegrading agents of contaminants at Gäv-le Strand by Etapp 3, and in other urban environments.

This report aims to identify the current status and future opportunities for biogas as an alternative fuel for road transport in the Gävleborg region. The regional actors along the value chain are mapped by their role in feedstock supply, production and use of the biogas. Mapping and analysis of biogas development generally in Sweden and particularly in the Gävleborg region has been conducted primarily through literature, national and regional statistics and through interviews with the regional actors. About 15 companies were reached through emails and phone calls during the interview process.

In 2017, about 3.5-4.0 million Nm³ of raw biogas (50-65% CH₄) was produced in the region of which 3.6 GWh was upgraded. The region has two plants with upgrading facilities, one in Forsbacka, which produces gas mainly from food waste and Duvbacken, the wastewater treatment plant in Gävle. The gas produced at these two big facilities is upgraded and mostly used as transport fuel in the region, and for the industry. Gas produced from other sources is either used for heat and electricity production or flared to avoid methane emissions to the environment. The region has 14 buses and more than 500 other vehicles running on biogas. The gas infrastructure is not well developed in the region except for two filling stations situated in Gävle and Forsbacka. However, some developments on building biogas infrastructure for transport are in process.

Analysis of interviews with actors and literature studies revealed that the region has much more feedstock for biogas production than used in the currently installed capacity of biogas technologies. Many actors showed great interest in its use as transport fuel but had very serious concerns about its future scope. Lack of supporting infrastructure such as filling stations, very low market demand and regional long-term strategies on biogas as transport fuel are considered barriers in the sector´s further development in the region. The value chain actors need to work more closely to get the most out of this valuable resource. Additionally, future planning on biogas should also consider its other uses such as an energy source for manufacturing industry, shipping and as raw material for chemicals or intermediate products.

One important ongoing development in the grocery foods industry is the increase growth of Locally Produced Foods. This emerging market that based on the pillars of sustainability, demands new logistics challenges that requires innovative supply chain models . These chains are designed through the application of digitalized media. The paper presents an on-going study in establishing Network Integration for Locally Produced foods in Mid-Sweden Region. The objective of this study is to present an approach to explore locally produced foods. A case study based on logistics activities, supply chain management, packaging is presented. The data used in the study are from micro-producers of food, customers from local restaurants , consumers and the public sector from Mid-Sweden Region. The results indicates that th e main aspects of Network Integration actively contributes to better performance for this industry in almost all items considered in the study. This approach is considered particularly innovative, hence there are scarcity of literature that deals jointly with packaging, logistics and Network Integration from an empirical standpoint.

The summary of the project:

This project targets youth and youth associations, academicians,and public authorities by focusing on youth social inclusion in thecontext of Northern industrial towns (in Finland, Sweden, andRussia). The aim is to raise awareness in Russia of implementingyouth rights, taking into account the best Nordic inclusivepractices. We aim to establish multistakeholder collaboration onyouth rights in Northwest Russia and to elaborate a deliberativeyouth coping strategy as well as drafts of legislation andprogramme documents to be oered for public authorities. We relyon multistakeholder initiative by bringing to the dialogue all thementioned stakeholders. The project will also promote sustainableacademic collaboration between the University of Gavle (Sweden),Abo Akademi University (Finland), Immanuel Kant Baltic FederalUniversity (BFU, Kaliningrad, Russia), the University of Pskov(Russia), and the Saint Petersburg State University of Economics(UNECON, Russia). The implementing body consists ofinterdisciplinary team calling together lawyers, specialists inpedagogics and education, as well as social scientists all of whichapproach the said topic from the angle of human rights. We willutilize the techniques of information distribution and sharing viasocial and local media as well as dialogue interaction in the mode ofmultistakeholder meetings. We plan a series of internationaleducational workshops, joint funding applications, training forRussian researchers in Nordic partner universities, as well as the 5ECTS course for the M.A. level students at BFU. Public authorities(regional child ombudsmen) and youth public associations (regionalyouth public chambers) will be involved in discussions during theseevents. Our project will reveal the urgency of updating Russianlegislation and practices in order to circumscribe traditionalpaternalistic approach towards governing youth. This project willstrengthen co-operation between our institutions; communicationbetween regional child ombudsmen and regional youth chambers;provide exchange of information and awareness- raising amongyouth and general public; foster the establishment of strongernetworks and transfer of experiences.

Abstract                                                                            Ord: 14896

Title: My parent is an addict

A qualitative study about being a grown up child to addict parents.

Author: Johanna Lundgren

The purpose of the study was to investigate how adult daughters of addicts experienced their childhood and how they experienced being affected as children and adults. The study was based on a phenomenological approach and based its empirical data on semi-structured interviews with adult daughters of addicts. The main result showed growing up with several difficult events and the informants claim to have trust issues, a negative self-image or poor self-esteem and that they have taken unreasonable responsibility in relation to their age and situation. Problems in school are also highlighted by everyone in some form. An informant claimed to be a sober alcoholic and a use of other drugs had occurred among the informants. All informants themselves had been in relationships with addicts and all had some social involvement. The results were thematized and as an analysis tool Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory and social learning theory were used.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka vilka hinder och möjligheter hemtjänstpersonalen beskriver avseende att arbeta med missbruksbehandling utifrån sin yrkesroll i det dagliga klientarbetet. Arbetet hade en kvalitativ ansats med fem semistrukturerade intervjuer. För att analysera resultaten användes rollteori och ålderism. Studiens resultat visade att hindren består av kunskapsbrist hos personalen, klientens självbestämmande, tillåtande attityder kring äldre och alkohol samt resursbrist inom äldreomsorgen. Möjligheterna består av närheten till klienten, riktlinjer för inköp av alkohol och samverkan med anhöriga. Därutöver beskriver personalen ett stort engagemang där de är beredda att utgöra ett stöd i händelse av att en klient önskar hjälp för sitt missbruk

In this literature study, existing research regarding interventions for men who commit domestic violence has been compiled. Performing a systematic literature search, seven articles were selected and reviewed, and finally analyzed from two different theoretical perspectives. The aim of the study was to investigate whether these interventions have proved effective and which theoretical explanatory models underlie the interventions and violence. The results indicate that interventions for men who practice violence have an effect in order to put an end to violence. The results also indicate that the knowledge and dedication among staff are success factors for successful treatment and the programs with a psychological and therapeutic theoretical starting point have a greater effect on achieving a lasting change.

Feelings of worry and insecurity are complex phenomena commonly studied from a criminological perspective. This also applies for The Swedish Crime Survey (SCS). To understand how these feelings are constructed and motivated as policy issues, we analysed problem representations in the SCS, using Carol Lee Bacchi’s WPR-approach. We identified representations of a “security problem”, a “knowledge problem” and a “societal image problem”. On the basis of these problem representations we question the SCS as a source of “fact-based knowledge” and find that the possibility to objectively index feelings of insecurity are not adequately problematized in the report. Instead, our analysis suggests that this survey produces and reproduces representations of fear, thereby maintaining a medial and political risk awareness in a society characterized by a strong security ideal. To rectify this, we see a need to both scientifically and politically clarify the motives behind studying subjective insecurity.

User Experience, UX, som till en början främst användes inom IT-världen och sägs härstamma från HCI (Human Computer Interaction) används idag i allt större utsträckning. Den här studien syftar till att förtydliga vad UX innebär, hur definieras det samt hur ser yrkesrollerna ut inom UX. Denna studie är en jämförelse mellan teori och praktik för att se om praktiken matchar litteraturen. Ytterligare fokus ligger på organisationers UX-mognad samt vad det innebär för någon som är yrkesverksam inom UX. Vad innebär det för designers när mognaden är låg respektive hög? I den här studien användes huvudsakligen metoderna litteraturstudie, semi-strukturerade intervjuer där deltagarna alla är aktiva utövare inom UX och en enkät om upplevd UX-mognad. UX kommer från användbarhet, då användbarhet anses för snävt för att täcka alla områden man jobbar med vid utvecklingen av en produkt eller tjänst. I teorin beskrivs UX till större del som ett användarfokuserat arbetssätt där användaren ses som experten istället för designern. Eftersom det idag finns en uppsjö av digitala produkter och tjänster har UX blivit viktigt för att kunna uppnå ökad konkurrenskraft på marknaden. Därav har allt fler organisationer börjat intressera sig för UX. För att veta vart en organisation befinner sig i UX-mognaden finns en mängd olika UXmognadsmodeller som kan vara användbara för att fastställa detta samt guida hur en organisation kan avancera. Om UX-mognaden är låg innebär det att ingen eller få jobbar med UX i en organisation. Är det få som jobbar med UX innebär det att de får ta på sig en väldigt bred roll, det blir ett väldigt stort ansvar. Är det verkligen rimligt att en person ska behöva bära det ansvaret? Är däremot UX-mognaden är hög så jobbar hela team eller hela organisationen med UX på något sätt. Det underlättar för designer och bidrar till att skapa ett bättre samarbete inom organisationen. Men om allt fler använder sig av UX och det blir en del av flertalet olika yrken, vad kommer då hända med rollen?

This project discusses the use of System Identification for Smart Maintenance. System Identification is the process of finding a mathematical model of a system using empirical data. The mathematical model can then be used to detect and predict the maintenance needs, which is considered as Smart Maintenance. Smart maintenance strategies have gained pretty much importance recently, since it contributes to economically sustainable production. This project uses the LAVA-framework, proposed in [1] for non-linear system identification, which has the capability of explaining the dynamics of the system very well, and at the same time follows the principle of parsimony. A nominal model is first identified using data from a system that operates under normal operating conditions, then the identified nominal model is used to detect when the system starts to deviate from normal behavior, and these deviations indicate the deteriorations in the system. Furthermore, a new Multiple Model Method which is developed in [2] using the similar idea from LAVA, is applied on the large data set of a system that operates on separate batches and units, which identifies individual model for each batch and unit, which is then used to detect the deficient units or batches and changes in the system behavior. Finally, the proposed methods are applied to two different real world industrial cases; a Heat exchanger and a Wood Moulder Machine. In the first, the purpose is to detect the dirt in a Heat Exchanger, and in the second, the goal is to detect when the tool in a Wood Moulder Machine needs to be changed.

Projektet är ett Eu-projekt där Augmentet Urbans tillsammans med Gävle högskola och Gavlegårdarna ska skapa attraktiva utemiljöer för människor med fokus på biologisk mångfald. Den omfattande minskningen av vilda pollinerande insekter är ett problem och det innebär att en förändring behöver ske. 90 procent av världens växtarter är beroende av pollinering.

Examensarbetet genomfördes med en designprocess som består av observationer, intervjuer, idégenerering och prototypande.

Syftet var att ta fram en lösning som skyddar ängsytor i stadsmiljö och att kommunicera ut värdet i biologisk mångfald. För att bilda mig en uppfattning kring ämnet gjordes observationer av bostadsområden, intervjuer med experter inom biologi, intervjuer med de boenden som ska uppleva ängsytorna och även underhåll av utemiljöer.

Intervjuerna och observationerna gjorde det möjligt att identifiera problem och behov. I detta skede avgränsades arbetet till behoven kring de mindre ängsytorna och sommartid. Nästa steg blev att ta fram förslag på hållbara lösningar kring hur en avgränsning kan se ut och fungera. Olika idéer testades genom skisser och modellbyggen. Idéerna utvärderades och det ledde fram till ett form arbete för att skapa en prototyp som svarar på behoven av att skydda, skärma av och informera om ängen. Förhoppningsvis kan denna lösning bidra till att fler människor förstår värdet i dessa ängar och på så vis bevaras ängen inför framtidens klimatförändringar.

The aim was to examine how social workers perceive their prerequisites to work according to the social services act regarding gambling addiction. Seven social workers from six municipalities were interviewed in a qualitative study. The result showed that most feel that they have good prerequisites due to both individual and contextual factors. The results also showed that the informants work differently and that few use recommended methods. The informants stated that they primarily consider whether the client's needs can be met through outpatient care. A majority stated that they have sufficient knowledge of gambling problems, the revised social services act and the social services' expanded area of ​​responsibility. Collaboration with health care was described as challenging. The main benefit of the legislative changes was stated to be the opportunity to help more people. The study's most important conclusions were that preventive work and collaboration between authorities should be prioritized.

The purpose of the study was to examine how EU-migrants was depicted in the two top selling newspapers in Sweden year 2015, Aftonlandet and Expressen. A critical discourse analysis was used to answer the purpose and questions of the study. The theoretical foundation consists of social constructionism, critical discourse analysis and theories linked to otherness. The main result showed that the two newspapers described EU- migrants as romas, Bulgarians or Romanians and being sick, poor and vulnerable, living in unsanitary conditions, setting up illegal settlements. They were depicted as having limited agency and being dependent of the help from swedes. Three discourses were found: Legal discourse – demanding law and order in handling the EU-migrants, Victims discourse – focusing on the EU-migrants vulnerability and need of help, and Responsibility discourse – discussing who’s responsible for helping the EU-migrants out. EU-migrants was constructed as the other by portraying them as deviant and a threat to Swedish law, order and values.

Bakgrund: Den palliativa vården upphör inte i och med att patienten avlider utan innefattar även att sjukvården finns som ett stöd till närstående i deras sorgeprocess. En kvalitetsindikator på en god palliativ vård är att närstående erbjuds efterlevandesamtal. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva vilka erfarenheter sjuksköterskor inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen hade av att genomföra efterlevandesamtal. Metod: Studien hade en kvalitativ ansats och en beskrivande design. Åtta sjuksköterskor som arbetade inom äldreomsorgen i en kommun i mellan Sverige intervjuades utifrån en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Data analyserades utifrån kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys. Huvudresultat: Fyra kategorier och elva subkategorier framkom ur dataanalysen. De fyra kategorierna var; Förberedelser, Utförande av efterlevandesamtal, Innehåll i efterlevandesamtal och Samtalets betydelse för sjuksköterskan. Genomförandet av efterlevandesamtal var en viktig men oprioriterad arbetsuppgift. Förberedelserna inför ett efterlevandesamtal var individuella och samtalens innehåll varierade. Det var en balansgång att hålla samtalet professionellt utan att närstående upplevde att samtalet utfördes på rutin. Efterlevandesamtalen framkallade känslor hos sjuksköterskorna, tillförde sjuksköterskan en uppföljning av vårdtiden och bidrog till att sjuksköterskan växte i sin yrkesroll och gavs en ökad trygghet inför kommande patienter som vårdades i livets slut. Samtalet sågs även som ett avslut på relationen. Slutsats: Efterlevandesamtal behöver synliggöras som en arbetsuppgift. Sjuksköterskorna behöver ha avsatt tid för genomförandet, informeras om vad som förväntas av sjuksköterskan i samband med samtalet och få en ökad kunskap om en bra struktur för samtalet. Om det nås kan det leda till att sjuksköterskor växer i sina yrkesroller och den palliativa vården vid enheten kontinuerligt utvärderas.

Bakgrund: Livslängden ökar i hela världen vilket gör att antalet multisjuka stiger och belastningen på hälso – och sjukvården och på kommunsjuksköterskorna ökar. Kommunsjuksköterskorna har idag en komplex roll och är alltmer rådgivande konsulter under sitt arbete. Telefonrådgivning med omvårdnadspersonalen blir vanligare och kan medföra svårigheter för kommunsjuksköterskorna att göra bedömningar och utföra patientsäker vård.

Syfte: Syftet med föreliggande studien var att beskriva sjuksköterskornas reflektioner om arbetet som konsultsköterska med fokus på telefonrådgivning med andra vårdgivare.

Metod: En intervjustudie med kvalitativ ansats med beskrivande design valdes för att beskriva kommunsjuksköterskornas upplevelser. Resultat: Kommunsjuksköterskorna ansvarade för ett stort antal patienter under sitt arbetspass. Alla bedömningar som skedde togs utifrån omvårdnadspersonalens beskrivningar per telefon. Tre kategorier framkom för att belysa deras upplevelser: Att arbeta med telefonrådgivning inom äldreboenden, Ett utmanande arbete samt Kommunikation med omvårdnadspersonalen.

Slutsats: Kommunsjuksköterskorna har en komplex och växlande roll inom äldrevården, de arbetar som rådgivande konsulter dagligen. Praktiska förutsättningar som påverkar kommunsjuksköterskornas arbete försvårar deras bedömningsförmågor. Telefonrådgivning med omvårdnadspersonalen är utmanade och kräver erfarenheter och kunskaper hos kommunsjuksköterskorna. Studien kan leda till en ökad förståelse hos olika yrkeskategorier som kommer i kontakt med kommunsjuksköterskorna och ger en inblick i deras arbetssätt.

Companies exist because there is a demand for their products and services. Companies need to logistically coordinate all their processes for them to grow and optimize their profits. Logistics is an area in constant development, where the old views become accepted and new ones become focus areas where the direction has gone from being cost-oriented to focusing on change processes, lead times and competitive means. This case study was performed towards a manufacturing company where the work was carried out with an affiliate company in Shanghai, China. The main company has its headquarter and production in Gävle, Sweden. The case study was limited towards the sales department and its impact on inventory control from a cost perspective. The study purpose was to examine how the sales processes affect the inventory control by going through the process from when the first contact being taken with the company to the final product arriving at customer. By mapping the entire process, one can find out the improvement areas and identify what causes long storage times for the company, how the company should work to minimize these times and how the company can work with processes for a more efficient operation. The problem of this study was that the chosen case company had a long storage time ranging from a few days to a few years, which caused high capital ties and costs for the warehouse operations. The empirical data was collected through interviews with employees who works closely with the processes that have been investigated in the study. The observation was conducted in Shanghai, China, where the case company has a warehouse. The observation and the interviews led to the results and empirical data describing how the company currently works with the sales processes and the basis for the problems that they are experiencing today. By comparing the theoretical theory and results, it turns out that the company’s view of how they work with the sales process is different from the reality. The study shows that deficiencies exist in the processes described by the interviews. One part of the problem was the lack of communication within the company. The departments focused on their own tasks and tried to perform good results without seeing the overall picture for the company. By improving the communication within the company, processes around improvements will be easier to implement. The result of the analysis in combination with literature theories led to that improvement measures could be distinguished. The company was recommended to review its processes, warehouses and packaging from a lean perspective in order to streamline and optimize its operations. This is done by constantly working on the communication and process work. For continued research, proposals are made for in-depth research within sales and its processes from a cost perspective. Sales are the part of companies that contribute to profitability, but it also needs to be studied about its impact on costs. The study's theoretical contribution suggests how a process that contributes with profitability also accounts for costs and how these can be improved through continuous process work.

This current study investigated priests, in the church of Sweden, working in custody and/or prison. Do priests experience any change in the prisoners’ lives during the time they are held in prison? The qualitative study consists of semi structured interviews with five priests. They were interviewed during summer 2019. The study shows that all of the priests experienced that many of the prisoners changed attitudes concerning their lives and their situation. They expressed the desire of another kind of life. Unexpectedly the study also shows the change the priests undertook, working with the prisoners. The priests expressed feelings about deeper spirituality and a sense of rich meaningfulness. The study shows that the priests experienced that almost all of the prisoners had a strong wish of living a non-criminal life. The road to this life is the one which consists of many new and constant contacts with a socially accepted environment.

The purpose of the study was to investigate our most important positive and negative autobiographical work-related memories of managers and non-managers related to work-related identity and workplace memory phenomenology. The study included 194 people, 124 men and 70 women in the age span 25-65. Measuring instruments for the study consisted of a survey in three parts which contained questions based on previous research. The positive work-related memories (80%) mainly contained two themes, work environment and my working duties, while the negative workplace memories (20%) showed more clearly that a majority of the memories were linked to leadership and work environment. The design for the analyzes of the quantitative data was a between-subject-design, with two independent variables Work-related memories (positive/negative) and Position (manager/non-manager) and two dependent variables Work-related self (emotion/cognition) as well as the ten phenomenological dimensions of the autobiographical memory. The results showed that managers compared to nonmanagers experienced a stronger work-related self on both the emotional and cognitive components. Furthermore, the results showed significant differences between the positive and negative work-related memories in three out of the total ten phenomenological dimensions. An interaction between Positive/Negative work-related memories and Manager/Non-manager on three out of the ten phenomenological dimensions was also red out.

This qualitative research study examines the greatest and/or most common problems with the use of textbooks as perceived by teachers in upper secondary school in Sweden. The study employs interviews to gather data and also looks further into the textbooks the interviewed teachers use to gain a greater understanding of the problems presented by the data. The result of the study shows that teacher experience various problems while using textbooks, e.g. insufficient number of some exercises, outdated content, insufficient cultural content and it is also a time-consuming process to adapt the textbook to the curriculum, learner group and learner situation. However, the study also shows that many, if not all, of the problems are not exclusive to the use of textbooks and as such are potential issues regardless of the type of teaching material that is used. Therefore, the problem seems to not be with textbooks themselves but rather a consequence of larger issues within the teaching profession such as time-restrictions, financial issues and problems with the margin of interpretation of the curricula. Further research is required to find a solution as it is clear that for the moment many teachers perceive the textbook partly as a problem. It is thus clear that something needs to change, either how textbooks are defined, the responsibilities of the teachers, and/or the curricula themselves.

This essay aims to examine the attitudes and motivation toward literary studies in English in upper secondary school students as well as to determine which tools practicing teachers can apply to increase their students’ language learning motivation within literature teaching in the Swedish curriculum. The questions that this study set out to answer was: How do students rate their ability to succeed in different tasks relating to English literary education? How can teachers in Sweden design their lessons in English literature to motivate their students? Which are some of the best ways to teach literature to students from a motivational standpoint? The primary theories used in this study are; self-efficacy theory and theories regarding intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. This study used a qualitative method to examine the students’ attitudes towards reading English literature in schools. The research tool used is a questionnaire with both general questions regarding literature in addition to questions about how the students would rate their chance to succeed with a task relating to literary studies. This study found that one of the primary methods that teachers should apply when teaching literature to EFL students was giving the students a choice in reading material as well as using age-appropriate material. Using shorter texts such as short stories and extracts from novels was also a method that the students’ preferred. This study showed that using standardized testing is the least preferred examination method to use when assessing the students. On the other hand, the preferred examination methods were writing book reports, essays or using group discussions or answering study questions. Furthermore, it is important for the teacher to know the group and plan accordingly and listen to the students and give them a choice in what they read and how to assess them at the end of the literary module to give the students a greater chance of success.

Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att genom en litteraturstudie undersöka hur transpersoner upplever inkludering inom fysisk aktivitet och idrott.  Metod: Litteratursökning i databasen Discovery och manuella sökningar av valda källors referenslista resulterade i tio artiklar som publicerats inom de senaste elva åren. Alla artiklar har analyserats, kvalitetsgranskats och sedan sammanställts.   Resultat: De mest framträdande resultatet för fysiska hinder angående transpersoners upplevelse av inkludering var; svårigheterna med offentliga rum och omklädningsrum samt problematiken med träningskläder. De vanligaste psykosociala hindren för transpersoner inom inkludering i fysisk aktivitet och idrott var; förnekad identitet, missnöje med kroppen, diskriminering, mobbning och utanförskap vilket ledde till depression, ångest och rädslor. De främsta fysiska möjligheterna som framkom i resultatet var fördelen med individuella idrotter och könskorrigerande behandling i kombination med fysisk aktivitet. Det centrala resultatet för psykosociala möjligheter påvisades vara socialt stöd och att fysisk aktivitet och idrott bidrog till minskad ångest och ökad glädje hos transpersonerna.   Slutsats: Det går att konstatera att många transpersoner blir diskriminerade på grund av sin sexuella läggning, köns uttryck och könsidentitet. Detta medför att många transpersoner lämnar idrotten och slutar vara fysisk aktiva. Denna studie kom fram till att många av de problem som presenterades i artiklarna grundar sig i idrottens men framförallt samhällets okunskap. Det framkom även att utvecklingen av transpersoners inklusion och deltagande inom fysisk aktivitet och idrott är ett växande område för idrottsrörelsen att ta i tu med. Riksidrottsförbundet bör arbeta mer aktivt med hbtq- frågor för att öka kunskapen och för att få en djupare förståelse för dagens problematik. Detta skulle kunna bidra till att fler transpersoner kan känna trygghet i idrotten, vilket i sin tur skulle medföra att idrottens värdegrund uppfylls.

The increasing share of renewable electricity will make energy storage technologies indispensable in the future. In this study, the potential of grid energy storage technologies is discussed, focusing on the Nordic countries as well as Germany. It is challenging to balance the intermittency of wind power and solar power production in the energy system. In Norway and Sweden, and to some extent Finland, hydropower is a very important balancing resource. Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is a technology that has not had a real breakthrough yet. There are ongoing projects at different locations where one of the targets is to achieve better round-trip efficiency by taking care of the heat generated at compression. Pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS) has advantages in being cost-efficient and has a high round-trip efficiency. There is probably a high theoretical potential of new generating capacity in Norway and Sweden, but the electricity cost does not vary enough for new developments to be profitable at the moment. The environmental and social impact of PHS plants is an important and difficult aspect to handle. Power-to-gas, power-to-power and hydrogen storage has been getting more attention recently but needs more research to increase the round-trip efficiency and to reduce the costs of electrolysers, storage and fuel cells. Batteries can be well suited as a minute reserve or for peak shaving but are currently not cost-efficient for long-time storage. With lower prices and the possibility of using more abundant metals with less environmental and social impact batteries could play a larger role in electric grids. There might be possibilities of integrating batteries in electric vehicles with power systems as well.To speed up the development of energy storage technologies, governmental subsidies might be necessary. In the future, a larger variation in electricity cost can be expected during different times of the day and the year, which will make energy storage facilities more profitable.

The thesis describes and studies the Japanese mathematics teachers’ professional knowledge and its dissemination. This theme is investigated in several concrete situations: the knowledge of teaching practice of school mathematics taught in the teacher education, the relation between the educational goals described in the national curriculum and concrete teaching methods discussed among the Japanese lower secondary teachers in service. The thesis investigates also critical phenomena, which arise in an attempt to transfer the Japanese teaching practice in a different teaching context.

We face a number of uncertainties, challenges and risks, known and unknown, many of which are linked to global changes. Urban development must be planned to become sustainable in the long term despite future changes and to succeed, planning must handle uncertainties. The current view of sustainability has resulted in a planning ideal that strives for sustainability as a vision of an ideal structure and design. The research on resilience question this by asking how something static can be sustainable in the face of uncertainties and future changes. The work towards sustainability must focus on increasing the capacity of cities to be resilient. Cities which are resilient have the capacity to adapt to future changes while retaining the same function, structure and identity.

Näringen is an existing industrial area in Gävle which has been designated suitable for a larger urban development exploitation project. The study aims to investigate how resilience is incorporated into the planning and development process of Näringen. The study compared Gävle municipality's intentions and ambitions for the development of Näringen in relation to theoretical principles for increased resilience in urban environment. The comparison between theory and practice was done through a qualitative content analysis of policy documents and interviews with two officials.

The findings show that the intentions and ambitions of Gävle municipality in some ways are in line with the principles for increased resilience in cities but miss important aspects within the principles. The municipality strives for novel and innovative ways of planning which the principles for resilience can contribute with. One problem which can lead to reduced sustainability and resilience is that socio-economic prerequisites and conditions are prioritized over natural geographical ones.

Implementation of the principles in municipal planning is not easily achieved in all situations because the principles in some respects overlap depending on the scale. Gävle Municipality's view of sustainability is also not in line with the approach that the research of resilience advocates, that we all live and operate in complex social-ecological systems. Resilience deals with complex theories and attempts to implement resilience principles without an understanding for the complexity of systems can lead to an unsuccessful outcome. The resilience principle adaptive planning holds the potential for continuous learning about social-ecological systems and is considered the principle that should be prioritized in planning for sustainability through resilience.

The Company X has a database that continuously increasing which causes the response time when retrieving data from the database increases the more data that is retrieved. Therefore, the company want an analysis of the database structures and stored procedures to see if there is a more efficient way to store and retrieve large datasets.

Performance can have different meanings. Within the subject of computer systems, it could be factors such as transaction throughput, response time and storage space. But within the scope of this work performance is limited to the response time. One of the tables in the database is normalized and a few techniques are implemented for stored procedure that the company has not implemented to see if there have been any improvements in performance when retrieving data. The respond time for the various techniques implemented was measured in order to make a comparison on performance.

The purpose of this thesis is to analyse database tables and how stored procedure can be improved to find a sustainable solution for the database in the future. Question to the work are: How can the database structure be improved with the aim of increasing performance of data retrieval? Which techniques can improve stored procedure performance when it comes to retrieving large amount of data?

The result of this work was that normalization has reduced the respond time for large data retrieval. One of the stored procedure techniques which is called sp_executesql was one of the best techniques which improved the performance of execution time the most when it came to retrieve large amount of data.

Denna studie syftar till att undersöka vilka elever som gynnas respektive missgynnas av teknikundervisningen i skolans tidigare år, vad det är som påverkar motivation och intresse för teknik under dessa år samt vilken sorts undervisning eleverna möter i klassrummet idag. Studien syftar också till att undersöka huruvida det finns någon könsskillnad gällande teknikintresse hos de yngre eleverna.

Grounded Theory användes som analysmetod för studien, som utmynnade i en teoretisk modell.

Resultatet av studien visar att majoriteten av eleverna i förskoleklass ännu inte fått en bild av teknikbegreppet. Den undervisning eleverna mött i teknik har antingen varit integrerad i övrig undervisning eller ytterst begränsad. Elevernas upplevelser har inte alltid kopplats samman med begreppen. Lärarna upplever en otrygghet med att undervisa i teknik.

Någon könsskillnad menade varken elever eller lärare att det skulle finnas gällande teknikintresset, men studien visar att de drömyrken samt fritidsintressen eleverna redovisat tenderar att vara könsstereotypa.

Syftet med det här arbetet har varit att undersöka teknikundervisningen i olika skolor samt att undersöka ett inspirationsmaterial som heter: ”200 timmar teknik”. Det har valts att använda båda kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder i och med en enkät, semistrukturerade intervjuer samt materialtest med efterföljande diskussion. Resultatet har visat på att teknikundervisningen skiljer sig till viss del i olika skolor och genomförs inte i en annan. Skilda åsikter presenteras utifrån behovet, för verksamma lärare i årskurs 1–3, av inspirationsmaterialet samt och framtida möjligheter. Resultatet genererar en slutsats att teknik som begrepp är svårtolkat, men det behöver inte nödvändigtvis påverka hur en lärare förhåller sig till teknikundervisningen. Trots skilda åsikter verkar ändå ett material som ”200 timmar teknik” vara nödvändigt för verksamma lärare med behörighet i årskurs 1–3.

Background: Emergency care is an eventful area. Emergency clinics have stressful meetings and emergency situations. Patients who come to emergency rooms often have a relative with them. Relatives are often described as someone who should be involved in the care. Coping has a central role in this environment for both patients, relatives but also the staff.

Aim: To describe nurses' experiences of meetings with relatives in emergency care. The methodological aspect was to examine the selection method of the selected articles.

Method: Literature study with 9 articles examined.

Results: Nurses' experiences of meetings with relatives in emergency care have proved to have several dimensions of a problem. Emergency clinics are described as a place that is hectic, the staff assess and help patients in a first stage. Emergency clinics are often built for a lower patient pressure than reality. The staff have poorer conditions for coping. The staff are exposed to threats and anger from relatives. Recent research indicates that relatives are also involved in the emergency rooms. The picture that was painted was that nurses often do not want to allow relatives to take the place they need. In the study, the good example of how an emergency department meets relatives and lets them participate is revealed. The emergency department shows what should be done. Coping needs more space.

Conclusion: The nurse's ability for using their coping strategies are worse at emergency departments. The author sees that processing processes cannot be managed properly before the next difficult-to-handle situation comes. The work environment is thus an important factor that affects the nurse's coping and also affects the meeting with relatives in emergency care. Relatives can give the nurse increased and reduced stress at work. At the same time, relatives can support the nursing and provide information to the nurse, which is a great resource.

Våld och hot i arbetslivet är inte enbart ett arbetsmiljöproblem utan även ett demokratiproblem. Hantering av arbetsrelaterat våld och hot regleras i arbetsmiljölagen och Arbetsmiljöverkets föreskrifter. Arbetsgivaren är ansvarig för det förebyggande arbetet som ska utföras i samarbete med skyddsombud och medarbetare. En utgångspunkt i arbetsmiljölagen är att kartlägga de risker som finns i verksamheten. Betoningen av den stabila, formella sidan av arbetsmiljöarbete sker dock ofta på bekostnad av en utveckling i form av arbetstagarmedverkan. Styrning som inte tar kontextuell hänsyn till arbetstagare eller klienter medför negativa konsekvenser. Strategier som inte harmonierar med det faktiska arbetet och regler som hämmar kreativitet och anpassning innebär en begränsning - inte bara för de scenarion vi i förebyggande syfte kan föreställa oss, utan också för att vi berövas en källa till tillit, diversitet och innovation. Den här artikeln beskriver hur två perspektiv hämtade från fältet ”resilience engineering” kan komplettera kriminologin för att användas för att analysera hur arbetsmiljölagen implementeras på olika arbetsplatser i syfte för att förebygga hot och våld.

The controversy over gender differences in exposure to domestic violence (DV) seems to be a never-ending story. Researchers on one side of the debate argue that men and women are equally victimized (gender symmetry), while researches on the other side of the debate argue that women are victimized to larger extent, and with greater severity (gender asymmetry). Evidence for gender symmetry is based mainly on quantitative data from a plentitude of surveys measuring gender differences in perpetration and exposure to intimate partner violence. The asymmetry perspective, on the other hand, emphasizes investigation of contextual factors (e.g. the impact and meaning of violence) but have been based on studies that to a lesser extent include both men and women. Hence, there are conceptual and methodological differences between studies that find gender symmetry and those that propose gender asymmetry. We will present a survey performed to measure the prevalence of exposure to DV among men and women in the municipality of Gävle, Sweden. The presentation will highlight the significance of coercive control, temporal aspects, and impact of violence in measurement and understanding of gender differences in exposure to DV. Results from the survey suggest that women had been more exposed than men to all types of violence measured (psychological, sexual, physical, economicalmaterial, latent violence and negligence), that female exposure were more often repeated, and lead to more severe consequences than did male exposure to DV. We also found that having children with the perpetrator, which was more common among women, was a stronger predictor of negative consequences than any single type of violence. We will also present results concerning children of DV victims and experiences of help seeking and reporting violence.