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First-line managers’ experiences of and reflections on structural conditions for management practice in hospital settings
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1127-2891
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Uppsala universitet.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1495-4943
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9457-9521
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Nursing Department, Medicine and Health College, Lishui University, Lishui, China.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9912-5350
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2025 (English)In: Leadership in Health Services, ISSN 1751-1879, E-ISSN 1751-1887, Vol. 38, no 5, p. 1-15Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe first-line managers’ (FLMs’) experiences and reflections on structural conditions for management practice within hospital settings using Kanter’s theory of structural empowerment.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative deductive approach with a descriptive design was used. Interviews were conducted with 11 FLMs in charge of medical or surgical hospital units spread across Sweden. Data were analyzed using a directed content analysis, based on Kanter’s theory of structural empowerment, encompassing such as access to necessary and sufficient resources, information, support and opportunities to learn and develop.

Findings

Findings of this study from the FLMs’ descriptions and reflections shed light on the impact of power dynamics on the structural conditions for management practice. The availability of nursing staff was a fundamental resource in the FLMs’ work performance, ensuring delivery of care to patients and a sound work environment for staff. Additionally, the other structural elements outlined in Kanter’s theory were evident in the findings, as the FLMs wished for structured information flow, identified potential and challenged opportunities for development and emphasized the importance of receiving support from people with a genuine understanding of their work situation.

Originality/valueThe results of this study contribute to the understanding of FLMs’ structural conditions for management practice in hospital settings. The paper’s originality stems from the use of a deductive approach, providing a structured lens with the potential to inform future research and practice in the field of health-care management.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Emerald , 2025. Vol. 38, no 5, p. 1-15
Keywords [en]
hospitals, leaders, managaement, working conditions, qualitative research, nurses
National Category
Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-46202DOI: 10.1108/lhs-07-2024-0060ISI: 001379344200001PubMedID: 39692171Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85213333402OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-46202DiVA, id: diva2:1922382
Available from: 2024-12-18 Created: 2024-12-18 Last updated: 2025-02-18Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. First-Line Managers in the Context of Care: Structural conditions for management practice focusing on structural empowerment and span of control in Swedish hospitals
Open this publication in new window or tab >>First-Line Managers in the Context of Care: Structural conditions for management practice focusing on structural empowerment and span of control in Swedish hospitals
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Aim: To study structural conditions for first-line management practice in hospitals, focusing on structural empowerment and span of control (SOC).

Methods: Data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and interviews. The participating first-line managers (FLMs) and nursing staff worked in medicalor surgical units across Sweden.

Results: FLMs positioned at units where staff perceived access to empowering structures consistently worked to provide resources, information, support, and development opportunities to their staff. Interviews with the FLMs and nursing staff confirmed the observations and revealed a shared understanding of the importance of staff having access to empowering structures. Additionally, nursing staff’s ratings showed a relationship between these structures to the staff’s ratings of well-being and care quality. FLMs emphasized adequate staffing as a crucial resource for their management practice, along with effective information flows, supportive work relationships, and influence. The questionnaire used to measure SOC captured FLMs’ scope and complexity beyond the number of subordinates. Adjusting response options to reflect Swedish recommended ratios of staff per FLM increased the number of FLMs with results indicating that their SOC should be adjusted to be manageable.

Conclusions: The findings support Kanter's theoryof structural empowerment and demonstrates how staff access to resources, opportunities, and support relates to staff well-being, and that staff access to support and professional networks can be linked to staff perceptions of care quality. FLMs managing staff perceiving access to empowering structures, prioritize presence and availability to support staff in daily operations. FLMs’ own access to resources, networks, and inclusion in decision-making was described as enhancing their efficiency. Additionally, the tested questionnaire proved relevant for capturing managers’ SOC beyond headcount.

Abstract [sv]

Syfte: Att studera strukturella förutsättningar för första linjens chefskap inom sjukhus, med fokus på strukturell empowerment och kontrollspann.

Metoder: Data samlades in genom observationer, frågeformulär och intervjuer. Deltagarna arbetade vid avdelningar tillhörande medicin eller kirurgenheter spridd aöver Sverige.

Resultat: Chefer med ansvar för vårdpersonal som upplevde tillgång till strukturell empowerment sågs arbeta konsekvent för att tillhandahålla resurser, information, stöd och utvecklingsmöjligheter till sin personal. Intervjuer med cheferna och personalen bekräftade observationerna och visade en gemensam syn på vikten av personalens tillgång till dessa strukturer. Personalens skattningar visade samband mellan strukturell empowerment och deras upplevda välbefinnande samt vårdkvalitet. Chefer betonade tillgång till personal som en avgörande resurs för att hantera chefskapet, samt vikten av effektiva informationsflöden, stödjande arbetsrelationer och inflytande. Frågeformuläret för att mäta kontrollspann fångade chefers ansvarsbredd och komplexitet utöver antalet underställda. Genom att justera svarsalternativ till att återspegla svenska rekommenderade mått på antal medarbetare per chef ökade antalet chefer vars kontrollspann inte längre bedömdes hanterbart.

Slutsatser: Resultaten stöder Kanters teori om strukturell empowerment och visar hur personalens skattade tillgång till resurser, möjligheter och stöd hänger samman med personalens välbefinnande, samt att personalens tillgång till stöd och viktiga nätverk kan kopplas till skattad vårdkvalitet. Chefer som leder personal med upplevd tillgång till strukturell empowerment prioriterar närvaro och tillgänglighet för att stödja personalen i det dagliga arbetet. Chefers tillgång till resurser, nätverk och inklusion i beslutsprocesser beskrevs stärka effektiviteten i deras chefskap. Vidare framkom det testade frågeformuläret som relevant för att fånga chefers kontrollspann bortom antalet underställda.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2025. p. 66
Series
Doctoral thesis ; 57
Keywords
hospital, structural empowerment, span of control, first-line managers, nursing staff, health care, work situation, well-being at work, care quality, sjukhus, strukturell empowerment, kontrollspann, första-linjens chefer, vårdpersonal, hälso- och sjukvård, arbetssituation, välbefinnande på jobbet, vårdkvalitet
National Category
Health Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-46283 (URN)978-91-89593-56-5 (ISBN)978-91-89593-57-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-04-01, 12:108, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle, 13:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2025-03-07 Created: 2025-01-10 Last updated: 2025-03-07

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Lundin, KarinSkytt, BerniceSilén, MaritEngström, MariaStrömberg, Annika

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Citation style
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