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Near infrared spectroscopy as a useful research tool to measure prefrontal cortex activity during visually demanding near work
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7680-1929
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5005-9957
2016 (English)In: IIE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors, ISSN 2157-7323, Vol. 4, no 2-3, p. 164-174Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Unlike the usual skeletal muscles, ciliary muscles responsible for focusing the crystalline eye lens and extraocular muscles responsible for convergence eye movements appear resistant to fatigue. Purpose: The dual goals of this article are to briefly outline the current evidence that suggests that probing into blood flow and hemodynamic prefrontal brain activity with Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) could advance progress in visual ergonomic research, and to provide pilot data exemplifying the proposed approach. Methods: The vision task consisted of sustained focusing on a contrast-varying black and white Gabor grating. Four participants with a median age of 46 (IQR 44 – 50) fixated the grating from a distance of 65 cm. Three counterbalanced 10-min tasks required central fixation and accommodation/convergence on the grating target through: (i) 0.0 diopter (D) lenses, (ii) −1.5 D lenses, and (iii) −3.5yD lenses while maintaining maximal focus. Non-invasive measurements of local oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) were quantified with a one-channel Near Infrared Spectrometer, NIRS. The NIRS probe was placed on the prefrontal cortex in the vicinity of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or Brodmann area 46 (DLPFC, BA 46). Accommodation response and contrast threshold was measured in parallel. Results: General estimating equation analyses showed that baseline subtracted DLPFC blood flow (ΔHbO2) increased significantly over time in all three lens conditions. The effect of time may be caused by a continuous increase in mental effort to compensate for progressively more mental fatigue induced by increased visual attention. The increase of DLPFC ΔHbO2 was also larger in magnitude in participants with larger amplitudes accommodation response (i.e., in participants who minimized deterioration in visual performance). Conclusion: The results from this study indicate that oxyhemoglobin changes recorded over DLPFC with NIRS can be used to assay the degree to which the visual system is strained during demanding near work.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 4, no 2-3, p. 164-174
Keywords [en]
Attention fatigue, Accommodation, Compensatory effort, Discomfort, Electromyography, Mental fatigue, Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, Neck pain, Productivity, Visual ergonomics
National Category
Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18657DOI: 10.1080/21577323.2015.1067258OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-18657DiVA, id: diva2:775332
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2009-1761
Note

Accepted author version posted online.

Available from: 2015-01-01 Created: 2015-01-01 Last updated: 2022-09-15Bibliographically approved

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Richter, HansCrenshaw, Albert G.Domkin, DmitryElcadi, Guilherme H.

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