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Output impedance mismatch effects on the linearity performance of digitally predistorted power amplifiers
Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för teknik och miljö, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, Elektronik. Department of Signal Processing, Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID-id: 0000-0001-8460-6509
Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för teknik och miljö, Avdelningen för elektronik, matematik och naturvetenskap, Elektronik.
Department of Signal Processing, Royal Institute of Technology KTH, Stockholm, Sweden.
2015 (Engelska)Ingår i: IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques, ISSN 0018-9480, E-ISSN 1557-9670, Vol. 63, nr 2, s. 754-765Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

This paper analyzes the effects of load impedancemismatch in power amplifiers which linearity has been enhancedusing various digital predistortion (DPD) algorithms. Two different power amplifier architectures are considered: a class AB and a Doherty amplifier and three model structures for the DPD model are compared: memoryless polynomial (MLP), general memory polynomial (GMP) and Kautz-Volterra functions (KV). This paper provides a sensitivity analysis of the linearized amplifiers under load mismatch conditions and reports the performance when dynamic parameter identification for the DPD is used to compensate for the changes in the load impedance. In general,power amplifiers linearity is sensitive to load impedance mismatch. Linearity may degrade as much as 10 dB (in normalized mean square error) according to the magnitude and the phase of the reflection coefficient provided by the load impedance. However, depending on the amplifier design, the sensitivity toload impedance mismatch varies. While the Doherty amplifier studied show significant linearity degradations in the in-band and out-of-band distortions, the out-of-band distortions of the studied class AB were less sensitive to the load impedance mismatch. In adaptive DPD schemes, the performance obtained in the MLP model does not benefit from the updating scheme and the performance achieved is similar to a static case, where no updates are made. This stresses the memory requirements in the predistorter. When employing the GMP and the KV models in an adaptive DPD scheme, they tackle to a larger extent the linearity degradations due to load impedance mismatch.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2015. Vol. 63, nr 2, s. 754-765
Nyckelord [en]
Digital predistortion, impedance mismatch, load impedance, power amplifiers
Nationell ämneskategori
Elektroteknik och elektronik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18709DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2014.2387060ISI: 000349623800019Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85027917074OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-18709DiVA, id: diva2:778410
Tillgänglig från: 2015-01-09 Skapad: 2015-01-09 Senast uppdaterad: 2018-03-13Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Digital Compensation Techniques for Transmitters in Wireless Communications Networks
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Digital Compensation Techniques for Transmitters in Wireless Communications Networks
2015 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Since they appeared, wireless technologies have deeply transformed our society. Today, wireless internet access and other wireless applications demandincreasingly more traffic. However, the continuous traffic increase can be unbearableand requires rethinking and redesigning the wireless technologies inmany different aspects. Aiming to respond to the increasing needs of wirelesstraffic, we are witnessing a rapidly evolving wireless technology scenario.This thesis addresses various aspects of the transmitters used in wireless communications.Transmitters present several hardware (HW) impairments thatcreate distortions, polluting the radio spectrum and decreasing the achievabletraffic in the network. Digital platforms are now flexible, robust and cheapenough to enable compensation of HW impairments at the digital base-bandsignal. This has been coined as ’dirty radio’. Dirty radio is expected in future transmitters where HW impairments may arise to reduce transmitter cost or to enhance power efficiency. This thesis covers the software (SW) compensation schemes of dirty radio developed for wireless transmitters. As describedin the thesis, these schemes can be further enhanced with knowledge of thespecific signal transmission or scenarios, e.g., developing cognitive digital compensationschemes. This can be valuable in today’s rapidly evolving scenarioswhere multiple signals may co-exist, sharing the resources at the same radiofrequency (RF) front-end. In the first part, this thesis focuses on the instrumentation challenges andHWimpairments encountered at the transmitter. A synthetic instrument (SI)that performs network analysis is designed to suit the instrumentation needs.Furthermore, how to perform nonlinear network analysis using the developedinstrument is discussed. Two transmitter HW impairments are studied: themeasurement noise and the load impedance mismatch at the transmitter, asis their coupling with the state-of-the-art digital compensation techniques.These two studied impairments are inherent to measurement systems and areexpected in future wireless transmitters. In the second part, the thesis surveys the area of behavioral modeling and digital compensation techniques for wireless transmitters. Emphasis is placed on low computational complexity techniques. The low complexity is motivated by a predicted increase in the number of transmitters deployed in the network, from base stations (BS), access points and hand-held devices. A modeling methodology is developed that allows modeling transmitters to achieve both reduced computational complexity and low modeling error. Finally, the thesis discusses the emerging architectures of multi-channel transmittersand describes their digital compensation techniques. It revises the MIMOVolterra series formulation to address the general modeling problem anddrafts possible solutions to tackle its dimensionality. In the framework of multi-channel transmitters, a technique to compensate nonlinear multi-carrier satellite transponders is presented. This technique is cognitive because it uses the frequency link planning and the pulse-shaping filters of the individual carriers. This technique shows enhanced compensation ability at reduced computational complexity compared to the state-of-the-art techniques and enables the efficient operation of satellite transponders.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2015. s. 63
Serie
TRITA-EE, ISSN 1653-5146 ; 2015:017
Nyckelord
Digital compensation, MIMO, wireless communications, satellite, Volterra, Amplfiers, HW effects
Nationell ämneskategori
Telekommunikation Kommunikationssystem
Forskningsämne
Informations- och kommunikationsteknik
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-19393 (URN)978-91-7595-540-7 (ISBN)
Disputation
2015-06-15, Sal 99131, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle, 10:00 (Engelska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2015-05-27 Skapad: 2015-05-27 Senast uppdaterad: 2022-10-31Bibliografiskt granskad

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