hig.sePublications
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • harvard-cite-them-right
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • sv-SE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • de-DE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
A review of potential critical factors in horse keeping for anaerobic digestion of horse manure
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Environmental engineering.ORCID iD: 0009-0008-6074-5254
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Environmental engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5661-2917
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Environmental engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5885-3864
2016 (English)In: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews, ISSN 1364-0321, E-ISSN 1879-0690, Vol. 65, p. 432-442Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Resource type
Text
Abstract [en]

Keeping horses causes environmental impacts through the whole chain from feed production to manure. According to national statistics, the number of horses in Sweden is currently 360,000 and is continuing to increase. This result in increasing amounts of horse manure that has to be managed and treated, which is currently done using practices that cause local, regional, and global environmental impacts. However, horse manure and its content of nutrients and organic material could be a useful fertiliser for arable land and a substrate for renewable energy production as biogas. The aim of the paper is to identify and describe potentially critical factors in horse keeping determining the amount (total mass) and characteristics (nutrient content and biodegradability) of horse manure, and thus the potential for anaerobic digestion. A systematic combining approach is used as a structural framework for reviewed relevant literature. All factors identified are expressed as discrete choices available to the horse keeper. In all, 12 different factors were identified: type and amount of feed, type and amount of bedding, mucking out regime, residence time outdoors, storage type and residence time of manure in storage, spreading and soil conditions, and transport distance and type of vehicle fuel used. Managing horses in terms of these factors is of vital importance in reducing the direct environmental impacts from horse keeping and in making horse manure attractive as a substrate for anaerobic digestion. The results are also relevant to environmental systems analysis, where numerical calculations are employed and different biogas system set-ups are compared to current and other treatments. In such assessments, the relevance and importance of the critical factors identified here and corresponding conditions can be examined and the most promising system set-up can be devised.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2016. Vol. 65, p. 432-442
Keywords [en]
Biodegradability, Biogas, Crashworthiness, Environmental impact, Fertilizers, Fuel storage, Fuels, Manures, Nutrients, Substrates, Systems analysis, Environmental systems analysis, Global environmental impacts, Horse keeping, Horse manure, Numerical calculation, Nutrient recycling, Structural frameworks, Transport distances, Anaerobic digestion
National Category
Environmental Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22236DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2016.06.058ISI: 000383293800031Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84978732237OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-22236DiVA, id: diva2:953345
Available from: 2016-08-17 Created: 2016-08-17 Last updated: 2024-04-11Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Anaerobic digestion of horse manure: renewable energy and plant nutrients in a systems perspective
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Anaerobic digestion of horse manure: renewable energy and plant nutrients in a systems perspective
2016 (English)Licentiate thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In horse keeping horse manure is produced, which can be utilized as a fertilizer or considered a waste. Horse manure constitutes a resource in terms of both plant nutrients and energy. In addition energy policies and objectives aim at replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. The interest to improve resource recovery of horse manure increases due various incentives for renewable vehicle fuels, legal requirements on management of manure, and environmental impact from current horse manure management.

This thesis aims at describing horse manure management in a life cycle perspective. This is made by (1) identifying factors in horse keeping affect­ing the possibility to use horse manure as a biogas feedstock and to recycle plant nutrients, (2) analysing factors in anaerobic digestion with influence on methane potential and biofertilizer nutrient content and (3) comparing the environmental impact from different horse manure treatment methods. Literature reviews, systematic combining, and simulations have been used as research methods.

The results show that horse keeping activities such as feeding, indoor keeping, outdoor keeping and manure storage affect the amount and charac­teristics of horse manure and thereby also the possibilities for anaerobic digestion horse manure. Transport affects the collected amount and spread­ing affects loss of nutrients and nutrient recycling. Simulation results in­dicate the highest methane yield and energy balance from paper bedding, while straw and peat gave a higher nutrient content of the biofertilizer. The highest methane yield was achieved with a low rate of bedding, which in the cases of woodchips and paper is also preferable for plant nutrient recycling. Still, results indicate the best energy balance from anaerobic digestion with a high ratio of bedding. The environmental impact assessment indicates a reduction in global warming potential for anaerobic digestion compared to incineration or composting.

Abstract [sv]

Vid hästhållning alstras hästgödsel som kan användas som växtnäring eller anses vara ett avfall. Hästgödsel utgör både en växtnäringsresurs och en energi resurs. Dessutom styr uppsatta energimål mot att förnybar energi ska ersätta fossila bränslen. Intresset för att öka resursutnyttjandet av hästgödsel ökar på grund av olika incitament för förnybara drivmedel, lagstiftning om gödselhantering och miljöpåverkan från dagens hantering av hästgödsel.

I den här avhandlingen beskrivs hästgödselhantering i ett livscykel­perspektiv genom att (1) identifiera olika faktorer vid hästhållningen som påverkar möjligheten att utvinna biogas ur hästgödsel och återföra näringen till jordbruksmark, (2) analysera faktorer i biogasprocessen som påverkar den specifika metanmängden och innehållet av växtnäring i gödseln och (3) jämföra olika gödselhanteringsmetoders miljöpåverkan. Metoderna i avhan­dlingen har varit litteraturstudier, systematisk kombination av teori och em­piri samt simulering. Resultaten visar att utfodringen, om och hur hästarna hålls inomhus och utomhus och hur hästgödsel lagras påverkar mängden hästgödsel och dess egenskaper, och därmed också hur den fungerar som ett biogassubstrat. Trans­porterna har betydelse för hur mycket gödsel som kan samlas in och spridas, medan gödselspridningen påverkar näringsförluster och närings återföring.

Resultaten från simuleringarna indikerar högst metanutbyte och bäst energi­balans från papper som strömaterial, medan halm och torv gav högre växt­näringsinnehåll i biogödseln. De högsta resultaten på specifik metanmängd nåddes med låg andel strö, vilket också var positivt för växtnäringsinnehållet vid scenarierna med spån och papper. Samtidigt indikerar resultaten att en hög andel strömaterial ger den bästa energibalansen. Miljöpåverkansbedöm­ningen indikerar att potentialen för klimatpåverkan minskar om hästgödsel behandlas i en biogasprocess jämfört med förbränning eller kompostering.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2016. p. 40
Series
Studies in the Research Profile Built Environment. Licentiate thesis ; 2
Keywords
Horse manure, horse keeping, anaerobic digestion, nutrient recycling, systems perspective, bedding, methane potential, feedstock, biogas, biofertilizer, Hästgödsel, hästhållning, rötning, näringsåterföring, systemperspektiv, strömaterial, metanpotential, biogassubstrat, biogas, biogödsel
National Category
Bioenergy
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22716 (URN)978-91-88145-05-5 (ISBN)978-91-88145-06-2 (ISBN)
Presentation
2016-12-15, Krusenstjernasalen, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle, 10:30 (English)
Supervisors
Available from: 2016-12-19 Created: 2016-11-09 Last updated: 2024-05-20Bibliographically approved
2. From waste problem to renewable energy resource: exploring horse manure as feedstock for anaerobic digestion
Open this publication in new window or tab >>From waste problem to renewable energy resource: exploring horse manure as feedstock for anaerobic digestion
2018 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

A sustainable energy system requires, according to energy policies, reduced emissions of greenhouse gases, increased ratio of renewable sources of energy and more efficient use of energy. Horse manure could be regarded as waste, but also as a resource for renewable energy and plant nutrients. This thesis explores the potential of horse manure as a renewable energy source, and its possibilities to support and contribute to energy and environmental objectives. To do this, data was collected from literature, simulations, study visits and interviews.

A number of horse keeping activities were identified in the assessment of horse manure as a feedstock for energy and as a plant resource: feeding, indoor housing, outdoor keeping, manure storage, fertilizing and transport, all with effect on amount and content of horse manure. Results indicated that choice and amount of bedding are important for both energy performance and plant nutrient content in the biofertilizer. Operational conditions such as long hydraulic retention time and high temperature had less impact for horse manure as a biogas feedstock. Anaerobic digestion resulted in the lowest global warming potential compared to incineration and composting, while large-scale incineration reduced primary energy demand, acidification potential and eutrophication potential. In a subsequent simulation, anaerobic digestion had lower potential environmental impact than unmanaged composting, regarding all chosen environmental impact categories in the study. Experiences from energy companies suggest that horse manure can be used in small quantities in co-incineration, with suitable incineration technology, but odor was mentioned as a problem. Farm-scale incineration required continuous maintenance and monitoring and mixing with pellets. As a feedstock for anaerobic digestion horse manure was regarded as suitable for plug-flow processes while stirred processes experienced more technical problems leading to increased cost for plants. With adaption of horse manure to the energy recovery technology to be used, and adaption at energy conversion plants to homogenous materials, this not yet fully utilized bioenergy resource has potential to contribute with renewable energy to the energy system, and thereby also reduce environmental impact from horse manure treatment

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2018. p. 74
Series
Studies in the Research Profile Built Environment. Doctoral thesis ; 8
Keywords
horse manure, environmental systems analysis, energy systems, renewable energy, environmental impact, anaerobic digestion, biogas, biofertilizer, systems perspective, bedding, incineration, composting, horse manure utilization
National Category
Energy Systems Renewable Bioenergy Research Other Environmental Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-27860 (URN)978-91-88145-29-1 (ISBN)978-91-88145-30-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2018-11-09, 12:108, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2018-10-16 Created: 2018-09-06 Last updated: 2024-08-29

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Other links

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records

Hadin, ÅsaEriksson, OlaHillman, Karl

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Hadin, ÅsaEriksson, OlaHillman, Karl
By organisation
Environmental engineering
In the same journal
Renewable & sustainable energy reviews
Environmental Engineering

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 1006 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • harvard-cite-them-right
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • sv-SE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • de-DE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf