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Sjuksköterskors upplevelse av att vara involverade i barnmisshandelsfall: En litteraturstudie
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Caring science.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Caring science.
2017 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Bakgrund: Barnmisshandel är ett stort globalt problem, i Sverige är trenden för anmälningar av misshandelsbrott mot barn stigande. Svenska lagen rättfärdigar hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal med anmälningsplikt att anmäla misstanke om barnmisshandel till socialtjänsten. Det finns dock forskning att anmälningar inte sker på grund av exempelvis okunskap kring upptäckt av misshandel samt anmälningsprocessen. Det finns oklarhet över de känslomässiga upplevelserna av att vara involverade i barnmisshandelsfall.

Syfte: Att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor upplever att vara involverade i barnmisshandelsfall samt att beskriva en metodologisk aspekt i de inkluderande artiklarna.

Metod: Beskrivande litteraturstudie utifrån tolv kvalitativa studier.

Resultat: Det framkom att sjuksköterskorna upplevde att deras misstanke om barnmisshandel oftast baserades på en magkänsla vilket skapade osäkerhet och frustration. Känslan av osäkerhet är konstant genom hela processen från misstanke till utredning. De upplevdes svårt att upprätthålla ett professionellt förhållningssätt. Flera studier visar att många av deltagarna var rädda för sin egen säkerhet. Sjuksköterskorna kände att dessa fall lämnade djupa spår. Både oro och tillfredsställelse kunde uppstå i samband med anmälan. Under utredningsprocessen visar studier att uppgivenhet och frustration dominerade i samarbetet med Soc, exempelvis på grund av brist i statusuppdatering över fallen. De flesta sjuksköterskorna upplevde att kollegorna var ett stort stöd i processen, dock hade inte alla tillgång till det. Det var totalt 222 deltagare i de inkluderade artiklarna varav 161 sjuksköterskor, mellan 25 - 64 år gamla. Majoriteten var kvinnor och arbetslivserfarenhet som sjuksköterska låg mellan två och 38 år.

Slutsats: De olika stegen i ett barnmisshandelsfall sätter framförallt negativa spår på sjuksköterskan. Osäkerhet spelar den största rollen och går som en röd tråd genom alla olika steg. Även om socialt stöd upplevdes som en bra resurs för att kunna hantera dessa situationer finns det många utmaningar kvar att hitta mer lösningsorienterade ansatser. Det behövs en mer salutogen synvinkel i forskning, sjuksköterskeutbildning och i verksamheter, för att förbättra förutsättningar för sjuksköterskor att kunna hantera dessa upplevelser.

Abstract [en]

Background: Child abuse is a huge global problem and the trend in Sweden in reporting child abuse is increasing. Swedish law obligates health care personnel to report any suspicion of child abuse to child protection services. However, research shows that reports are not happening to the extent they should. Lack in knowledge on how to identify abuse and which process to follow when reporting are the main factors. It is unclear how nurses are emotionally involved when handling a child abuse case.

Aim: To describe how nurses experience to be involved in child abuse cases and to describe one methodological aspect of the articles this study is based on.

Method: Descriptive literature review based on twelve qualitative studies.

Result: Nurses felt that the initial suspicion about a child being abused was often based on gut feeling only, causing both insecurity and frustration. The feeling of insecurity followed most nurses throughout the whole case, from suspicion until investigation. Research showed that most nurses felt it was difficult to maintain a professional attitude. Moreover, nurses were scared for their own lives when dealing with child abuse. The negative emotions were often long lasting. When reporting such a case to the authorities nurses could experience both feelings of anxiety and satisfaction. Throughout the investigation resignation and frustration dominated the nurses' cooperation with child protection services due to lack of status updates, for example. One successful way to deal with insecurity was social support from colleagues, but not everyone had access to such a support network. In total, the included studies comprised 222 participants, 161 of whom were nurses, between 25-64 years old. The majority were women and the participants had work experience as a nurse between two and 38 years

Conclusion: Dealing with child abuse cases as a nurse is mostly characterized by negative impressions. The feeling of insecurity is predominant and runs lika a red thread from suspicion to investigation. Social support is perceived as a vital resource in order to deal with child abuse cases. However many challenges remain to find more solution focused approaches. A more salutogenic view is needed in research, nursing education and on the work floor in order to improve the conditions for nurses to be able to cope with these experiences.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2017. , p. 33
Keywords [en]
child abuse, experience, nursing, registered nurse
Keywords [sv]
barnmisshandel, omvårdnad, sjuksköterska, upplevelse
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-23980OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-23980DiVA, id: diva2:1093063
Subject / course
Nursing
Educational program
Nursing
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2017-05-05 Created: 2017-05-04 Last updated: 2017-05-08Bibliographically approved

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