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Det ökade våldet i arbetslivet: En analys utifrån de svenska offerundersökningarna
Institutet för framtidsstudier, Stockholm.
Institutet för framtidsstudier, Stockholm.
Stockholms universitet, Kriminologiska institutionen.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8186-3662
2007 (Swedish)In: Nordisk Tidsskrift for Kriminalvidenskab, ISSN 0029-1528, Vol. 94, no 1, p. 56-73Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [sv]

Victim surveys from both Sweden and her Nordic neighbours show that the proportion reporting exposure to violence at work has increased during the 1990s. This article examines the question of how this trend should be understood. Does the increase reflect a rise in the number of people exposed to such violence, or is it rather due to an increase in the focus on violence and a broadening of the way violence is defined? On the basis of Swedish victim surveys covering the period 1984 - 2001, the article examines whether the character of this problem has changed as regards the seriousness of the violence, the occupational groups exposed to such violence, and the extent to which victims have contacted the police. The study shows that there has been an increase in exposure to threats and violence at work. This increase is found primarily in relation to violence and not to threats, among women, and in particular those working with some form of care provision. One surprising finding is that the propensity to report work-related violence has diminished somewhat, something that is not true for other types of violence. We thus find a high propensity to report when levels of exposure are low, and a lower reporting propensity once exposure to violence has increased. This trend is conceptualized against the background of a shift in and broadening of the type of incidents reported in the context of victim surveys. Acts of violence against persons employed in the health sector, schools and in care provision are less likely to be reported to the police than violence perpetrated against members of other occupational groups. Thus as care workers come to account for an increasing proportion of both violent incidents and the victims of violence, the aggregate propensity to report such incidents decreases. When the focus is limited to those individuals working in the care sector who have themselves been exposed to violence, there are no signs of a reduction in their reporting propensity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2007. Vol. 94, no 1, p. 56-73
Keywords [en]
workplace, violence, sweden, crime, assault
National Category
Law and Society
Research subject
General Criminology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-25842OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-25842DiVA, id: diva2:1168094
Funder
Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2005-0136Available from: 2017-12-20 Created: 2017-12-20 Last updated: 2018-03-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Våld i arbetslivet: Utveckling, uppmärksamhet och åtgärder
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Våld i arbetslivet: Utveckling, uppmärksamhet och åtgärder
2012 (Swedish)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[en]
Violence at work : Trends, attention and responses
Abstract [en]

Over the past two decades, violence at work has become the object of an increasing level of attention. The objective of the thesis is to analyse how the development of violence at work as a social problem might be understood. The studies in the thesis examine trends in exposure to violence at work among different occupational groups (I), the attention focused on violence at work in trade journals (II), the measures proposed to combat the problem in trade journal articles (III) and in the occupational injury reports made by the victims themselves (IV).

The first study shows that, according to victim surveys, levels of exposure to work-related violence have increased since the beginning of the 1980s. The increases are greatest in relation to the female-dominated occupations found in the care provision sectors. Study II presents a quantitative content analysis of trade journals from the period 1978–2004. The results show that there has been an increase in the amount of attention focused on violence at work. The results indicate that definitions of violence have expanded and that attention has become focused on new groups of victims and perpetrators. Study III examines the ways in which trade journals describe measures to combat violence at work. The results indicate that there has been a shift from viewing violence as a problem that should be resolved at the workplace as a health-and-safety issue, to increasingly viewing it as a problem that should be resolved externally with the help of the justice system. Study IV is based on an analysis of occupational injury reports from staff in the care sector who have been exposed to violence at work. Irrespective of the nature of the risk situation that preceded the violent incident, the staff who have been exposed to violence at work would prefer to see the problem resolved internally at the workplace.

Abstract [sv]

Våld i arbetslivet har under de senaste två decennierna fått en större uppmärksamhet. Syftet med avhandlingen är att analysera hur utvecklingen av våld i arbetslivet som samhällsproblem kan förstås. I fyra delstudier behandlas omfattningen och utvecklingen av utsatthet för våld i arbetslivet bland olika yrkesgrupper (I), hur våld i arbetslivet uppmärksammats i facklig press (II) och vilka åtgärder som förespråkas i facklig press (III) samt i arbetsskadeanmälningar (IV). Gemensamt för avhandlingens studier är att de tar upp frågor som rör förändring över tid, hur utvecklingen kan förstås och vilka konsekvenser förändringarna för med sig.

I den första studien visas att utsatthet för arbetsrelaterat hot och våld enligt svenska offerunderökningar har ökat sedan 1980-talets början. Ökningarna är störst för de kvinnodominerade jobben inom välfärdssektorerna. I studie II görs en kvantitativ innehållsanalys av facklig press 1978-2004. Resultaten visar att uppmärksamheten för våld har ökat och pekar på vidgade definitioner av våld och att nya grupper uppmärksammas som offer och förövare. I studie III undersöks hur åtgärder mot hot och våld i arbetslivet uppmärksammas i facklig press. Resultaten indikerar att våld i arbetslivet har gått från att ses som ett problem som skall lösas som en intern arbetsmiljöfråga på arbetsplatsen till att allt oftare ses som ett problem som ska lösas externt med hjälp av polis och rättsväsende. Det har skett en förskjutning mot ett förrättsligande när det gäller hur våld i arbetlivet ska åtgärdas. Utvecklingen kan sammanfattas som en rörelse ett arbetsmiljöproblem till ett brottsproblem. Studie IV utgår från en analys av arbetsskadeanmälningar från vård- och omsorgspersonal som utsatts för våld i arbetet. När man ser till de åtgärdsförslag som de utsatta själva föreslår för att undvika att våldet skall inträffa igen så framgår att det finns en diskrepans mellan de åtgärder som uppmärksammas i facklig press och de åtgärder som personalen efterfrågar. De våldsutsatta ser främst att våldsproblemet, oavsett vilken risksituation som föregått våldet, löses internt på arbetsplatsen. Adekvata resurser i form av tid och personal för att utföra arbetet efterfrågas gång på gång. Insatser av externa aktörer såsom polis och rättsväsende efterfrågas däremot inte.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: Kriminologiska institutionen, Stockholms universitet, 2012. p. 86
Series
Kriminologiska institutionens avhandlingsserie ; 30
Keywords
Workplace violence, responsibilisation, victim surveys, occupational injury reports, constructionism, safety climate
National Category
Social Sciences
Research subject
Criminology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-25855 (URN)978-91-7447-480-0 (ISBN)
Public defence
2012-04-20, hörsal 9, hus D, Universitetsvägen 10 D, Stockholm, 13:00 (Swedish)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Submitted.

Available from: 2018-01-03 Created: 2017-12-20 Last updated: 2018-03-13Bibliographically approved

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