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Visual GISwaps - an interactive visualization framework for geospatial decision making
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Industrial Development, IT and Land Management, Computer science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1452-2208
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Industrial Development, IT and Land Management, Computer science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0085-5829
2018 (English)In: Proceedings of the 13th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications, VISIGRAPP 2018, Funchal, Madeira - Portugal, January 27-29, 2018 / [ed] Alexandru Telea, Andreas Kerren and Jose Braz, SciTePress, 2018, p. 236-243Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Different visualization techniques are frequently used in geospatial information systems (GIS) to support geospatial decision making. However, visualization in GIS context is usually limited to the initial phase of the decision-making process, i.e. situation analysis and problem recognition. This is partly due to the choice of methods used in GIS multi-criteria decision-making (GIS-MCDM) that usually deploy some non-interactive approach, leaving the decision maker little or no control over the calculation of overall values for the considered alternatives; the role of visualization is thus reduced to presenting the final results of the computations. The contributions of this paper are twofold. First, we introduce GISwaps, a novel, intuitive interactive method for decision making in geospatial context. The second and main contribution is an interactive visualization of the choice phase of the decision making process. The visualization allows the decision maker to explore the consequences of trade-offs and costs accepted during the iterative decision process, both in terms of the abstract relation between different decision variables and in spatial context.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
SciTePress, 2018. p. 236-243
National Category
Other Engineering and Technologies
Research subject
Sustainable Urban Development; Intelligent Industry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26580DOI: 10.5220/0006610202360243ISI: 000576649000021Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85047934093OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-26580DiVA, id: diva2:1206231
Conference
International Conference on Information Visualization Theory and Applications (IVAPP '18), January 27-29, 2018, Funchal, Madeira - Portugal
Available from: 2018-05-16 Created: 2018-05-16 Last updated: 2022-09-19Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Computational and Visual Tools for Geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision-Making
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Computational and Visual Tools for Geospatial Multi-Criteria Decision-Making
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Geospatial multi-criteria decision-making usually concerns quasi-continuous choice models, with the number of alternatives constrained only by the limits of the used representation model. This sets high demands on the decision-making methods used in the context. The most commonly used approach in geospatial decision-making is combining a method for assigning criteria weights with an aggregation method. As pairwise comparison of alternatives is not feasible when the number of alternatives is large, the weights are usually assigned to criteria without considering the values or the value ranges of the alternatives, an approach often criticized in the decision analysis literature. Apart from criteria weighting controversy, this approach does not allow for advanced use of interactive visualization in the choice phase of the decision-making process. In this thesis, two alternative methods for geospatial decision-making based on the even swaps method are developed. The first method relies on automation of swaps, which makes this method viable for decision problems with any number of alternatives. The second method emanates from the findings of behavioral decision theory, and combines even swaps with reduction of large data sets through quasi-satisficing, allowing for efficient use of interactive visualization in the choice phase of the decision process. Visualization frameworks for both methods are also developed in the thesis. They include both geo-specific representations, such as interactive maps, and infovis techniques such as graphs, diagrams, scatterplots and parallel coordinates. Two studies concerning the impact of interactive visualization on decision-making are presented in the thesis: a study concerning the impact of interactive visualization on geospatial decision-making, and a study concerning potential effects of visual saliency on decision-making. The results of the first study indicated positive effects of interactive visualization on coherency and consistency in performing trade-offs. The results of the second study show that visual saliency may help decision-makers make better decisions. The work presented in this thesis contributes to method development and the use of interactive visualization in the context of geospatial decision-making.

Abstract [sv]

Multikriterieanalys i geospatialt kontext avser oftast kvasi-kontinuerliga valmodeller,där antal alternativ endast definieras av gränserna av den användarepresentationsmodellen. Detta ställer höga krav på beslutsmetoder som användsi geospatialt sammanhang. Den ansats som oftast används är att kombineranågon kriterieviktningsmetod med en aggregeringsmetod. Eftersom det ärorimlig att utföra parvisa jämförelser av alternativ när antalet alternativ är stort,bestäms oftast kriterievikter utan att hänsyn tas till de faktiska värdena, ellervärdeintervallen – ett angreppssätt som ofta kritiserats i litteratur inom beslutsanalys.Detta angreppsätt gör det även svårt att använda avancerade interaktivavisualiseringar i beslutsfasen av beslutsprocessen. I denna avhandling hartvå alternativa metoder, baserade på even swaps, utvecklats för geospatial beslutsanalys.Den första metoden baseras på automatisering av swaps, vilket görden tillämpbar på beslutsproblem oavsett antal alternativ. Den andra metodenutgår från behavioristiska beslutsteorier och kombinerar even swaps med reduceringav stora datamängder genom s.k. quasi-satisficing. Båda metodernaär interaktiva, vilket gör dem lämpliga för effektiv användning av interaktivavisualiseringar i beslutsfasen av beslutsprocessen. I denna avhandling harockså visualiseringsramverk för de båda metoderna utvecklats. De inkluderarbåde geo-specifika representationer, dvs. interaktiva kartor, och visualiseringari form av bl. a. diagram, spridningsdiagram och parallella koordinater. I avhandlingenpresenteras två studier om effekten av interaktiv visualisering påbeslutsfattande: en studie om effekten av interaktiv visualisering på beslutsfattandei geospatial kontext, och en studie om effekter av visual saliency på beslutsfattande.Resultaten av den första studien indikerar att interaktiv visualiseringkan hjälpa beslutsfattaren göra mer koherenta och mer konsekventa avvägningar.Den andra studien indikerar att visual saliency kan ha positiv effektoch hjälpa beslutsfattaren att fatta bättre beslut. Forskningen presenterad idenna avhandling bidrar till utvecklingen av nya beslutsmetoder och effektivanvändning av interaktiv visualisering inom geospatial beslutsanalys.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2020. p. 78
Series
Doctoral thesis ; 13
Keywords
geographic information systems, multi-criteria decision-making, interactive visualization, even swaps
National Category
Information Systems
Research subject
Sustainable Urban Development; Intelligent Industry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-31928 (URN)978-91-88145-44-4 (ISBN)978-91-88145-45-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2020-04-21, 13:111, Kungsbäcksvägen 37, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-03-24 Created: 2020-02-20 Last updated: 2024-08-29Bibliographically approved

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Milutinovic, GoranSeipel, Stefan

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