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Role of social benefits for future long-term sickness absence, disability pension and unemployment among individuals on sickness absence due to mental diagnoses: a competing risk approach
Karolinska institutet; Finnish Institute of Occupational Health.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3031-5823
Karolinska institutet.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4712-5375
Karolinska institutet.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4036-3300
Karolinska institutet; Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5808-6420
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2022 (English)In: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, ISSN 0340-0131, E-ISSN 1432-1246, Vol. 95, no 4, p. 867-876Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose

To investigate associations between social benefits and disability pension (DP), long-term sickness absence (LTSA, ≥ 90 days), or unemployment among Swedish twins with sickness absence (SA) due to mental diagnoses.

Methods

This population-based prospective twin study included register data on first incident SA spell (< 90 days) due to mental diagnoses (ICD 10 codes F00-F99) during the follow-up 2005–2016. SA < 90 days due to other diagnoses than mental diagnoses or any other social insurance benefit was identified for the preceding year of the first incident SA spell due to mental diagnoses (coded yes/no). Comparing those with any previous social benefits vs without, cumulative incidence curve to compare time to an event, and Cox proportional hazards models for cause-specific hazard ratios (HR, 95% confidence intervals, CI) treating first incident DP, LTSA and unemployment as competing risks were modeled.

Results

During follow-up, 21 DP, 1619 LTSA, and 808 unemployment events took place. Compared to those without, those with at least one benefit had a higher risk for DP (HR 5.03; 95%CI 1.80, 14.01), LTSA (1.67; 1.50, 1.84) and unemployment (1.24; 1.03, 1.50). The cumulative incidence for DP was very low, < 1%, for LTSA 80% with any previous social benefits vs. 60% without, and for unemployment ≤ 5%.

Conclusion

Social benefits received during the preceding year of SA due to mental diagnoses (< 90 days) predict DP, LTSA, and unemployment. Hence, previous social benefits may provide means for early identification of persons at risk for exit from labor market.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer , 2022. Vol. 95, no 4, p. 867-876
Keywords [en]
Disability pension; Mental diagnoses; Sick leave; Sickness absence; Unemployment
National Category
Occupational Health and Environmental Health
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-37573DOI: 10.1007/s00420-021-01825-5ISI: 000735344800001PubMedID: 34962585Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85121794741OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-37573DiVA, id: diva2:1624738
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-00624Swedish Research Council, 2017-00641Forte, Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare, 2019-01284Available from: 2022-01-04 Created: 2022-01-04 Last updated: 2022-12-02Bibliographically approved

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Bergström, Gunnar

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