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Modeling an industrial energy system: Perspectives on regional heat cooperation
University of Gävle, Department of Technology and Built Environment, Ämnesavdelningen för energi- och maskinteknik.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Energy Systems, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Division of Energy Systems, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3472-4210
2008 (English)In: International Journal of Energy Research, ISSN 0363-907X, E-ISSN 1099-114X, Vol. 32, no 9, p. 793-807Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Through energy efficiency measures, it is possible to reduce heat surplus in the Pulp and paper industry. Yet pulp and paper mills situated in Countries with a heat demand for residential and commercial buildings for the major part of the year are potential heat Suppliers. However, striving to utilize the heat within the mills for efficient energy use Could conflict with the delivery of excess heat to a district heating system. As part of a project to optimize a regional energy system, a sulfate pulp mill situated in central Sweden is analyzed, focusing on providing heat and electricity to the mill and its surrounding energy systems. An energy system optimization method based on mixed integer linear programming is used for studying energy system measures on an aggregated level. An extended system, where the mill is integrated in a regional heat market (HM), is evaluated in parallel with the present system. The use of either hot sewage or a heat PUMP for heat deliveries is analyzed along with process integration measures. The benefits of adding a condensing unit to the back-pressure steam turbine are also investigated. The results show that the use of hot sewage or a heat pump for heat deliveries is beneficial only in combination with extended heat deliveries to an HM. Process integration measures are beneficial and even increase the benefit of selling more heat for district heating. Adding a condensing turbine unit is most beneficial in combination with extended heat deliveries and process integration. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2008. Vol. 32, no 9, p. 793-807
Keywords [en]
industrial energy system, energy efficiency, surplus heat, optimization, process integration, heat market, district heating, system boundary
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-10297DOI: 10.1002/er.1392ISI: 000257917100002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-54949153745OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-10297DiVA, id: diva2:442576
Available from: 2011-09-21 Created: 2011-09-21 Last updated: 2023-08-28Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Energy systems analysis of Swedish pulp and paper industries from a regional cooperation perspective: case study modeling and optimization
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Energy systems analysis of Swedish pulp and paper industries from a regional cooperation perspective: case study modeling and optimization
2008 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The industrial sector uses about one third of the energy end-use in the world. Since energy use in many cases highly affects both the local and global environment negatively, it is of common interest to increase energy efficiency within industries. Furthermore, seen from the industrial perspective, it is also important to reduce dependency on energy resources with unstable prices in order to obtain economic predictability.

In this thesis, the energy-saving potential within the chemical pulp and paper sector is analyzed. One market pulp mill and one integrated pulp and paper mill were studied as cases. Energy system changes at the mills were analyzed through cost minimization. The thesis focuses on principal energy issues such as finding the most promising alternatives for use of industrial excess heat, possible investments in electricity generation and choice of fuel. In order to find synergies, the same system was optimized first from the perspective of different operators respectively, and then from a joint regional perspective. Also, the prerequisites for a regional heat market in the region were analyzed.

This thesis reveals that the use of excess heat from pulp and paper mills for district heating does not generally conflict with process integration measures. This is partly because of the great availability of industrial excess heat and partly because the different purposes require different temperatures and thereby do not compete. Rather, the results show that they strengthen each other since steam and hot water of higher temperatures are made available for district heating when hot water of lower temperature is used for process integration. However, there are cases when the conditions are complicated by preexisting technical solutions within a system. In these cases, a combination of measures could be necessary.

Furthermore, it is concluded that energy cooperation in terms of a heat market between municipalities and industries in the studied region gives opportunity for positive synergies. Switching from expensive fuels such as oil to less expensive biofuel in the region proved to be particularly beneficial. Expanding the capacity for combined heat and power generation is also beneficial for the region as well as increased use of industrial excess heat for district heating. The most financially beneficial scenarios also have the greatest potential for CO2 emission reduction; the emissions would be reduced by about 700 thousand tonnes CO2/year for the region in those scenarios.

Abstract [sv]

Den industriella energianvändningen utgör en tredjedel av världens totala energianvändning. Eftersom energianvändning i många fall har negativ miljöpåverkan både lokalt och globalt är det av allmänt intresse att öka industriernas energieffektivitet. Sett ur industriernas perspektiv är det dessutom viktigt att minska beroendet av bränslen med osäkra priser för att uppnå ekonomisk förutsägbarhet.

I den här avhandlingen analyseras energibesparingspotentialen inom massa- och pappersindustrin. Ett fristående kemiskt massabruk och ett integrerat kemiskt massa- och pappersbruk har studerats. Förändringar i energisystemen på bruken analyserades genom kostnadsminimeringar. Avhandlingen fokuserar på principiella energifrågor, som att utvärdera olika sätt att använda industriellt spillvärme, investeringar i elgenerering och val av bränsle. För att hitta synergier optimerades samma system ur olika aktörers perspektiv och sedan ur ett regionalt perspektiv. Även förutsättningarna för en regional värmemarknad analyserades.

Avhandlingen visar att användandet av överskottsvärme från massa- och pappersindustrin till fjärrvärme generellt sett inte står i konflikt med processintegreringsåtgärder inom bruken. Detta beror delvis på att stora mängder överskottsvärme finns tillgängliga och delvis på att det är olika temperaturnivåer som behövs till de olika syftena som därför inte konkurrerar. Resultaten visar snarare att de två åtgärderna stärker varandra eftersom processintegrering gör att större mängder varmvatten av högre temperatur blir tillgängliga för fjärrvärme. Det finns dock fall då förutsättningarna kompliceras av redan befintliga tekniska lösningar inom ett system. I dessa fall kan det vara nödvändigt med en kombination av åtgärder.

Vidare dras slutsatsen att energisamarbete mellan kommuner och industrier i form av en värmemarknad ger möjlighet till positiva synergier i den studerade regionen. Särskilt lönsamt visade det sig vara att byta från dyra bränslen såsom olja till billigare bränslen som biobränslen. Att utöka kraftvärmekapaciteten inom värmemarknaden är också lönsamt liksom utökat användande av industriell spillvärme till fjärrvärme. De fall som var mest ekonomiskt lönsamma har även störst möjlighet till minskning av CO2-utsläpp; utsläppen från regionen skulle kunna minskas med cirka 700 000 ton CO2/år i dessa fall.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Linköping: Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, Linköpings universitet, 2008. p. 89
Series
Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations, ISSN 0345-7524 ; 1194
Keywords
Industrial energy system, Optimization, District heating, Energy audit, Co-operation
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-18862 (URN)978-91-7393-874-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2008-06-02, C3, Hus C, Campus Valla, Linköping, 10:15 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2018-03-14 Created: 2018-03-14 Last updated: 2022-09-19Bibliographically approved

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