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Sjuksköterskans förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder för att förhindra komplikationer som kan uppstå vid dysfagi: En beskrivande litteraturstudie
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
2012 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Syftet med studien var att göra en litteraturstudie vilken beskriver hur sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder förebygger komplikationer vilka kan uppstå vid måltidssituationer för patienter drabbade av dysfagi till följd av stroke. Studien genomfördes som litteraturstudie med beskrivande design, 12 vetenskapliga artiklar granskades och sammanställdes under tre huvudrubriker; Åtgärder för att förebygga aspirationspneumoni, Nutritionsstöd samt Kvalitetsgranskning av artiklar.

Resultatet visade att många av sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder kunde minska risken att patienter med dysfagi drabbas av aspirationspneumoni. Det framkom en rad olika kompensationsstrategier och åtgärder sjuksköterskan kunde bidra med, bland annat intensiv munhygien samt stimulering av tunga och mun med is eller annat kallt föremål vilket stimulerar sväljreflexen. Andra åtgärder var rätt sittposition och anpassad konsistens på mat och vätska samt kosttillskott. Resultatet i föreliggande studie visade att utbildning inom förebyggande omvårdnadsåtgärder var nödvändiga för att rätt matningsteknik användes och att kostrekommendationer följdes, samt att det fanns ett lämpligt instrument för sjuksköterskans kompetens vid screening av dysfagi. Vidare påvisade resultatet att emotionellt stöd från sjuksköterskan var viktigt vid måltidssituationer. Slutsatsen var att kunskap om sjuksköterskans omvårdnadsåtgärder vid måltidssituationen leder till färre komplikationer hos patienter med dysfagi.

Abstract [en]

The aim of this study was to conduct a literature review that describes how nurses care measures can help prevent complications that can occur at mealtime situations for patients suffering from dysphagia following stroke. The study was conducted as a literature review with descriptive design, 12 scientific articles were reviewed and summarized under three main headings: Measures to prevent aspiration pneumonia, Nutrition Support and Quality review of articles.The results demonstrate that many of the nurses care strategies decreased the risk of patients with dysphagia experience aspiration pneumonia. It was found a series of compensation strategies and interventions nurses could contribute, including intensive oral hygiene as well as stimulation of the tongue and mouth with ice or other cold objects which stimulate swallowing reflex. Other measures were correct sitting position and custom texture of food and fluid and dietary supplements. The results of the present study indicated that nurse training was necessary for proper feeding technique and the dietary recommendations were followed, it also demonstrated there was a suitable instrument for nursing skills in screening for dysphagia. Furthermore, the result indicated that emotional support from the nurse was important at mealtime situations. The conclusion was that knowledge about nursing care measures in eating habits resulting in fewer complications in patients with dysphagia.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2012. , p. 27
Keywords [en]
Nurse Dysphagia Stroke Nursing
Keywords [sv]
Sjuksköterska Dysfagi Stroke Omvårdnad
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-11699Archive number: SSKHk09-25OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-11699DiVA, id: diva2:514572
Subject / course
Nursing science
Educational program
Nursing
Uppsok
Medicine
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2012-05-14 Created: 2012-04-10 Last updated: 2012-05-14Bibliographically approved

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
  • apa
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  • Other locale
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