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Sjuksköterskestudenters kunskap om HIV och inställningen till behovet av HIV-testning
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
2013 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Introduktion: HIV-infektion medför en kronisk och progressiv sjukdom som, i obehandlad form, leder till en successiv försämring av immunförsvaret och utvecklandet av AIDS.

Syfte: Att vid två lärosäten undersöka sjuksköterskestudenters kunskaper om HIV och inställningen till behovet av HIV-testning.

Metod: En empirisk tvärsnittsstudie med deskriptiv och komparativ design med kvantitativ ansats. Genomförd som enkätstudie bland studenter vid Högskolan i Gävle och Uppsala Universitet (N=95), som studerade på sjuksköterskeprogrammets tredje år.

Resultat: Majoriteten (88,4 %) angav korrekt att samlag med fler än en partner ökar risken att smittas med HIV. Tre studenter (3,2 %) angav felaktigt att det finns ett vaccin mot HIV-infektion. Nästan hälften (42,1 %) saknade kunskap om att glidmedel, tillsammans med kondom, inte minskar risken för HIV-smitta. En majoritet (78,9 %) rekommenderade ett HIV-test till en kvinna som haft oskyddat sex med en man. I studenternas motiveringar till behovet av ett HIV-test, framkom fyra kategorier; ”risk”, ”sexualvanor”, ”patientens oro” och ”ovisshet”.

Konklusion: Sjuksköterskestudenterna hade relativt goda kunskaper om HIV. Däremot fanns betydande brister i vissa frågor. Sjuksköterskestudenternas inställning till HIV-testning överensstämmer relativt väl med gällande riktlinjer. Däremot finns ett behov att förändra ett förlegat riskgruppstänkande för att kunna ge patienter rådgivning i enlighet med den senaste kunskapen.

Abstract [en]

Introduction: HIV-infection is a chronic and progressive disease that, left untreated, leads to a deterioration of the immune system and the development of AIDS. 

Aim: To examine nursing students´, at two universities, knowledge about HIV and their attitude towards assessing the need for a HIV-test.

Method: An empirical cross-sectional study using descriptive and comparative design with a quantitative approach. Data was collected by a questionnaire among third year nursing students at the University of Gavle and Uppsala University (N=95).

Result: A majority (88,4 %) answered correctly that intercourse with more than one partner increases the risk for contracting HIV. Three students (3,2 %) answered incorrectly that there is a vaccine for HIV. Nearly half of the students did not know that lubricant, combined with a condom, does not reduce the risk for contracting HIV. A majority (78,9 %) recommended a HIV-test to a woman who have had unprotected sex with a man. In analyzing the students´ explanatory statements for the need for a HIV-test, four categories emerged; “risk”, “sexual behavior”, “patients´ concern” and “not knowing”.  

Conclusion: The nursing students had relatively good knowledge about HIV. However, there was a significant lack of knowledge in some questions. The nursing students´ attitudes towards HIV-testing conforms relatively well with current guidelines. However, there is a need to change an outdated way of assessing the risk for HIV-infection to be able to provide counseling to patients based on current knowledge.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2013. , p. 32
Keywords [en]
HIV, knowledge, HIV-testing, nursing students
Keywords [sv]
HIV, kunskap, HIV-test, sjuksköterskestudenter
National Category
Nursing
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-15741Archive number: SSKVk11- 09OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-15741DiVA, id: diva2:664715
Subject / course
Nursing science
Educational program
Nursing
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2013-11-18 Created: 2013-11-16 Last updated: 2013-11-18Bibliographically approved

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