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Sjuksköterskans förberedelser inför smärtsamma procedurer på barn – en litteraturstudie.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
2013 (Swedish)Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

Syfte: Beskriva förberedande faktorer vilket kan ha betydelse vid smärtsamma procedurer på barn. Vidare var syftet att granska vilket urval de inkluderade artiklarna använt sig av.

Metod: Beskrivande litteraturstudie. Litteraturstudien grundar sig på tjugotvå inkluderade artiklar. Tre stycken artiklar med kvalitativ ansats, sjutton stycken med kvantitativ ansats, samt två med både kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats.

Resultat: Fyra områden vilka kan ha betydelse vid smärtsamma procedurer på barn framkom. Distraktion: ett effektivt verktyg mot oro och ångest. Distraktionen hindrade inte sjuksköterskan vid den smärtsamma proceduren och var kostnadseffektiv. Föräldraroll och coping: Föräldrars stöd var viktigt för uppbyggnad av coping strategier inför och under den smärtsamma proceduren. Sjuksköterskans roll: Förberedelse och hantering av material inför den smärtsamma proceduren har betydelse för att hindra uppkomst av oro hos barnet. Sjuksköterskan ska kunna bemöta barnet utifrån dess kunskapsnivå och ålder. Farmakologisk omvårdnad: Läkemedel visar positiva resultat på smärta. Detta är ett komplement till omvårdnaden.

Metodologisk aspekt: Deltagarna till de inkluderade studierna rekryterades via fyra olika urvalsmetoder.

Slutsats: Förberedelser av barn inför smärtsamma procedurer inkluderar flera områden. Sjuksköterskans betydande roll inkluderar att ge information till barnet och hjälpa barnet att utveckla coping strategier. Distraktion kan vara ett bra hjälpmedel, lika så farmakologisk omvårdnad. Sjuksköterskan bör kunna se helheten i mötet med barn.

Abstract [en]

Objective: Describe preparatory factors which can be of importance during painful procedures on children. A further aim was to examine which method of selection the included articles had chosen.

Method: Descriptive literature study. The literature study is based on twenty-two included articles. Three articles feature a qualitative design, seventeen a quantitative design, and two were based on a both a qualitative and quantitative design.

Results: Four areas of importance which can be of importance during painful procedures on children were established. Distraction: An effective tool to combat worry and anxiety. Distraction did not hinder the nurse during the painful procedure and was cost effective. Parent influence and coping: Parental support was an invaluable tool to developing coping mechanisms while preparing for and undergoing the painful procedure. The role of the nurse: Preparation of the necessary equipment for the painful procedure is of importance to prevent the development of anxiety in the child. The nurse must be able to relate to the child based on the child´s level of understanding and age. Pharmacological nursing: Pharmaceuticals show positive results on pain. This is a complement to the care.

Methodological aspect: Participants of the included case studies were chosen by four different methods of selection.

Conclusion: Preparation of children for painful procedures includes several areas. The nurse has an important role which includes giving information to the child and helping the child develop coping strategies. Distraction can be a helpful tool as can pharmacological nursing. The nurse must be able to consider all aspects in the treatment of children.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2013. , p. 29
Keywords [en]
children, painful procedures, nursing
Keywords [sv]
barn, smärtsamma procedurer, omvårdnad
National Category
Medical and Health Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-15813Archive number: SSKVk11- 20OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-15813DiVA, id: diva2:668617
Educational program
Nursing
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2013-12-02 Created: 2013-12-01 Last updated: 2013-12-02Bibliographically approved

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