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  • 1.
    Aasa, Ulrika
    et al.
    Umeå universitet.
    Wiitavaara, Birgitta
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Personalens hälsa och arbetsmiljö2016In: Prehospital akutsjukvård / [ed] Björn-Ove Suserud, Lars Lundberg, Stockholm: Liber, 2016, 2, p. 72-79Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 2.
    Ahmadi, Nader
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Asylsökande barn med uppgivenhetssymtom: kunskapsöversikt och kartläggning2005Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    En studie om situationen för sylsökande barn med uppgivenhetssymtom genomförd i två delar: en kunskapsöversikt och en kartläggning.

    Syftet har varit att ge en bild av såväl den internationella och nationella kunskapsnivån som problematikens omfattning och de drabbde barnens psykosociala tillstånd.

  • 3.
    Ahmadi, Nader
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Asylsökande barn med uppgivenhetssymtom: trauma, kultur, asylprocess2006Report (Other academic)
  • 4.
    Ahmadi, Nader
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Hessle, Marie
    Mannikoff, Anna
    Asylsökande barn med uppgivenhetssymtom: ett svenskt fenomen åren 2001-20062006Report (Other academic)
  • 5.
    Andersson, Josefin
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Back, Marina
    Specialistsjuksköterskans upplevda utmaningar vid intrahospitala akutlarm: En empirisk studie med kvalitativ ansats2023Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: As a nurse specialist in anesthesia and intensive care, a part of the work is to assist the emergency alarms within the hospital. Participating in an emergency alarm team means for the nurse specialist, having to move from the safe sphere of the regular workplace This means that they are faced with new challenges that can affect the experience of participating in the emergency team. Internationally, research in the field was scarce and no studies focusing on intra-hospital emergency alarms were found in Sweden. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe the specialist nurse's perceived challenges in participating before, during and after intra-hospital emergency alarms. Method: In this study, a qualitative approach with a descriptive design was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five anesthesia nurses and five intensive care nurses. The analysis was carried out with inductive qualitative content analysis. Findings: Four categories emerged in the analysis process; Organizational challenges; Challenges in the work environment; Challenges in the team as well as Emotional and mental challenges. The nurse specialists experienced challenges with the anesthesiologist's on-call routines, which meant delayed intubation on occasions where there was a need. Practical challenges with a lot of equipment to be transported to the emergency call were described by the participants. On site at the emergency call, the cooperation between the emergency alarm team and department staff was perceived as a challenge. There was a feeling of high expectations among the nurse specialists. Conclusion: The nurse specialists experienced the emergency alarm as a work task with many challenges. High expectations, great responsibility for patient safety and cooperation were described in the participants' perceived challenges. Together with continued research, the results of the study could lead to improvement measures and business development for the healthcare staff who participate in intra-hospital emergency alarms.

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  • 6.
    Andersson, Olga
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Lena, Norlin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Patienters egenvårdstrategier vid Irritabel Bowel Syndrome.: En litteraturstudie.2010Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 7.
    Andreou, Anette
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Hornéy, Sofia
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Effekten av opioidfri anestesi på PONV och postoperativ smärta hos patienter som genomgår operation under generell anestesi2021Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    BakgrundPostoperativt illamående (PONV) och smärta är vanligt förekommande efter operation igenerell anestesi. Sedan en lång tid tillbaka används opioider i samband med anestesi och kirurgiska ingrepp som smärtlindring. Detta trots att opioider har många biverkningar, som kan orsaka lidande för patienten samt medföra längre sjukhusvistelse.Opioidfri anestesi är en framväxande metod baserad på idén att undvika opioider för bättre postoperativ återhämtning.Syfte Syftet med systematiska litteraturstudien var att beskriva vilken effekt opioidfri anestesi har på PONV och postoperativ smärta hos patienter som genomgår operation undergenerell anestesi.Metod En systematisk litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design valdes för att systematiskt sammanställa publicerade forskningsresultat från tidigare studier inom området. Sökningarna av artiklar gjordes i Medline via PubMed. Nio artiklar inkluderades i studiens resultat och kvalitetsgranskades utifrån Joanna Briggs Checklist for Randomized Control Trials.ResultatFlera av de inkluderade artiklarna visade att opioidfri anestesi hade signifikanta effekter på både PONV och postoperativ smärta. I de opioidfria grupperna var både PONV och postoperativ smärta mindre förekommande, och de krävde mindre mängd analgetika och antiemetika.SlutsatserResultatet i denna studie visar att opiodfri anestesi har positiva effekter på PONV och postoperativ smärta. Artikelsökningen för denna studie visar på begränsad forskning inom området, men ett flertal större studier pågår vilket visar på ett intresse för att utvärdera och utveckla opioidfri anestesi. Med ökad kunskap och medvetenhet kan onödigt lidande undvikas, speciellt där en ökad risk för PONV och smärta föreligger.

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  • 8.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper.
    Operating Room Efficiency and Postoperative Recovery after Major Abdominal Surgery: The Surgical Team’s Efficiency and the Early Postoperative Recovery of Patients with Peritoneal Carcinomatosis2011Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In selected patients, surgical treatments such as cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) have enabled curative treatment options for previously incurable diseases, such as peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). The introduction of resource demanding surgery could affect the work process, efficiency, and productivity within a surgical department and factors influencing patient postoperative recovery processes may have an impact on the efficiency of patient care after major surgery.

    The aim of this thesis was to investigate operating room efficiency from the perspective of both staff and leaders’ in two different settings (Papers I and II) and the early postoperative recovery of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (Papers III and IV).

    Interviews were held with 21 people in a county hospital and 11 members of the PC team in a university hospital, and a phenomenographic approach was used to analysis the data (Papers I and II). The patients’ postoperative recovery and pulmonary adverse events (AE) were determined from data retrieved from the electronic health records of 76 patients (Papers III and IV).

    The concept of efficiency was understood in different ways by staff members and their leaders (Paper I). However, when working in a team, the team members had both organisation-oriented and individual-oriented understanding of efficiency at work that focused on the patients and the quality of care (Paper II).

    The patients with PC regained gastrointestinal functions and could be mobilised during early postoperative recovery phase, although many patients suffered from psychological disturbances, sleep deprivation, and nausea (Paper III). Postoperative clinical and radiological pulmonary AE were common, but did not affect the early recovery process (Paper IV).

    In conclusion, leaders who are aware of the variation in understanding the concept of efficiency are better able to create the same platform for staff members by defining the concept of efficiency within the organisation. In a team organisation, the team members have a wider understanding of the concept of efficiency with more focus on the patients. The factors affecting postoperative recovery and pulmonary AE should be considered when designing individualised patient care plans in order to attain a more efficient recovery.

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  • 9.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Färdig, Martin
    Nyholm, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Enblad: Neurokirurgi.
    Nurses anaesthetists' versus patients' assessment of anxieties in an ambulatory surgery setting.2019In: Journal of perioperative practice, ISSN 2515-7949, Vol. 29, no 12, p. 387-415Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND: Failure to assess patients' anxiety perioperatively by means of a validated instrument makes the assessment arbitrary. Studies are lacking about how well nurse anaesthetists estimate patients' preoperative worries.

    PURPOSE: To compare the nurse anaesthetists' estimations of patients' preoperative anxieties with the patients' own assessment of their anxieties.

    DESIGN: Quantitative prospective design.

    METHODS: Eighty-five pairs of patients and nurse anaesthetists in two ambulatory surgery units in a university hospital in Sweden were included. Patients' perioperative anxieties were graded using the Numeric Visual Analogue Anxiety Scale.

    RESULTS: The nurse anaesthetist overestimated the patients' level of preoperative anxiety in 53% of patients and underestimated patients' anxieties in 31% of the patients. Consensus was seen in 16% of the pairs. In fifty-six pairs (65%), the difference between the estimation of level of patients' anxiety according to Numeric Visual Analogue Anxiety Scale was between -3 (overestimation) and +3 levels (underestimation). Median levels of anxiety were estimated as 3 within the patient group and 4 among the nurse anaesthetists.

    CONCLUSIONS: Systematic assessment of patients' level of anxiety could lead to identifying patients with severe anxiety levels and to offer more individualised treatment. The patients' own estimation must form the basis for the discussion and treatment.

  • 10.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Kolorektalkirurgi.
    Gunningberg, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Vårdvetenskap.
    Larsson, Jan
    Uppsala universitet, Hälso- och sjukvårdsforskning.
    Norlén, Karin
    Uppsala universitet, Anestesiologi och intensivvård.
    Mahteme, Haile
    Uppsala universitet, Kolorektalkirurgi.
    Factors influencing early postoperative recovery after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy2011In: European Journal of Surgical Oncology, ISSN 0748-7983, E-ISSN 1532-2157, Vol. 37, no 10, p. 897-903Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:

    Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) can prolong survival in selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC). However, there is little data on patients' recovery process after this complex treatment. This study aimed to describe the in-hospital postoperative recovery and factors related to the recovery of patients who undergo CRS and HIPEC.

    METHOD:

    A retrospective audit of the electronic health record (EHR) was undertaken for 76 PC patients (42 women, 34 men) treated primarily with CRS and HIPEC between 2005 and 2006 in Sweden.

    RESULTS:

    Oral intake, regaining bowel functions and mobilisation usually occurred between 7 and 11 days postoperatively. Patients experienced nausea for up to 13 days postoperatively. Forty-two patients were satisfied with their pain management, which usually took the form of epidural anaesthesia and which continued for about one week post-surgery. Sleep disturbance was observed in 51 patients and psychological problems in 49 patients during the first three postoperative weeks. Tumour burden, stoma formation, use of CPAP, primary diagnosis, and the length of stay in the ICU were factors related to an early recovery process.

    CONCLUSION:

    Drinking, eating, regaining bowel functions and mobilisation were re-established within 11 days of CRS and HIPEC. Tumour burden, stoma formation, use of CPAP, primary diagnosis and the length of stay in the ICU all had an impact on postoperative recovery, and should be discussed with the patients preoperatively and taken into consideration in designing an individualised patient care plan, in order to attain a more efficient recovery.

  • 11.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper.
    Nyholm, Lena
    Uppsala universitet, Enblad: Neurokirurgi.
    Öster, Caisa
    Uppsala universitet, Ekselius: Psykiatri.
    How Anesthesiologists and Nurse Anesthetists Assess and Handle Patients' Perioperative Worries Without a Validated Instrument2019In: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, ISSN 1089-9472, E-ISSN 1532-8473, Vol. 34, no 4, p. 810-819Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    PURPOSE: To study how nurse anesthetists and anesthesiologists assess and handle patients' perioperative anxiety without using a validated instrument.

    DESIGN: Qualitative study.

    METHODS: Individual in-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted with nurse anesthetists (n = 9) and anesthesiologists (n = 5) from a university hospital in Sweden. Data were analyzed with thematic analysis according to Braun and Clark.

    FINDINGS: Two themes were identified: (1) I ask about anxiety, look for visual signs, and observe communication and (2) I handle patients' anxieties individually. In addition to subthemes describing assessment and handling of adults, it appeared that parents played an important role in children's perioperative anxiety.

    CONCLUSIONS: When not using a validated instrument, assessing perioperative anxiety is commonly based on the anesthesiologist's and nurse anesthetist's experience, knowledge, views, and attitudes. The evaluator's capability of using different strategies in the assessment and handling of perioperative anxiety is important.

  • 12.
    Azar , Jonny
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för vårdvetenskap.
    Snickars, Sophie
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för vårdvetenskap.
    Hur ungdomar med cancer hanterar sin sjukdom och vad de har för livskvalitet: en litteraturstudie2009Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this literature study was to investigate how adolescents with cancer cope with there disease and how it effect their quality of life (QoL). This study was a descriptive literature study were the authors searched for scientific articles in the databases Medline, Cinahl, SweMed+ and PsykInfo. The result is based on fifteen articles. The result showed that social support such as parents and a special friend is important for the adolescents' well-being. The adolescents also described that it felt god to have someone to talk to that was in the same situation. A positive attitude and humour helped the adolescents to cope with their disease. One way to escape from the disease was trying to feel normal, a way of doing that was to wear accessories, modern clothes and pushing their limits. The adolescents spent a lot of time in the hospitals thus made them isolated, which resulted in alienation. Changed body image, fear and alienation are all factors that influence on the adolescents QoL. It was showed that adolescents with cancer had lower QoL than healthy adolescents, but as time pass by their QoL increased. In general the girls hade better QoL than the boys.

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  • 13.
    Bengtsson, Inger
    et al.
    Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg.
    Lissner, Lauren
    The Sahlgrenska School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Public Health Epidemiology Unit (EPI), Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Ljung, Thomas
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Medical science.
    Rosengren, Annika
    Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra, Gothenburg, Sweden.
    Thelle, Dag
    Institute of Basic Medical Science, Department of Biostatistics, Oslo, Norway.
    Währborg, Peter
    Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg.
    The cortisol awakening response and the metabolic syndrome in a population-based sample of middle-aged men and women.2010In: Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, ISSN 0026-0495, E-ISSN 1532-8600, Vol. 59, no 7, p. 1012-9Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The objective was to explore the relationship between the cortisol awakening response (CAR) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria. The final study sample consisted of 91 women (14 with MetS) and 84 men (15 with MetS), aged 45 to 70 years, from a general population sample. The only exclusion criteria were no consent, pregnancy, or insufficient cortisol testing. On the day of measurement (weekday), salivary cortisol was sampled at awakening and 15 minutes after awakening. Relative CAR (CAR%) and the MetS were the main variables studied. Results showed that, in women with the MetS, cortisol at awakening was significantly lower (mean, 8.92 vs 12.33 nmol/L; P = .05) and the CAR was significantly higher (91.4% vs 36.5%, P < .001) than in women without the syndrome. Significant difference in the relative CAR was also present between men and women with MetS (38.5% and 91.4%, respectively; P = .02). No difference was seen in the awakening response comparing men with and without the MetS. In a regression model, the response to awakening was dependent on the MetS in women (F1,89 = 13.19, P < .001); but the model was not significant in men. Furthermore, the awakening response was associated with more depressive symptoms in women (F1,80 = 8.12, P = .01) and with weekday/weekend cortisol sampling in men (F1,82 = 4.63, P = .03). The association between the relative CAR and the MetS remained significant but somewhat attenuated after adjusting for depressive symptoms (P = .01). Results indicate a sex difference in the CAR% in the presence of the MetS independent of depressive symptoms, a known correlate of the MetS.

  • 14. Berglund, Eva
    et al.
    Eriksson, Mårten
    University of Gävle, Department of Education and Psychology, Ämnesavdelningen för psykologi.
    Reliability and content validity of a new instrument for assessment of communicative skills and language abilities in young Swedish children2000In: Logopedics, Phoniatrics, Vocology, ISSN 1401-5439, E-ISSN 1651-2022, Vol. 25, no 4, p. 176-185Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Bergström, Emma
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Kärvin, Linnéa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Att vara ett syskon till en bror eller syster med cancer2017Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Varje år insjuknar ca 320 barn mellan 0-18 år av cancer i Sverige vilket innebär att många syskon kan få en förändrad vardag. Cancer orsakas av att celler i kroppen börjar dela sig okontrollerat samt ökar i storlek, vilket resulterar i en cancertumör. Hur ett syskon reagerar när en bror eller syster får sin cancerdiagnos är beroende på ålder och tidigare erfarenheter. I mötet med ett sjukt barn och dess familj är det viktigt att som sjuksköterska stötta och hantera hela familjens upplevelser i den rådande situationen. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva syskons upplevelse av att ha en bror eller syster med cancer samt att studera de inkluderade artiklarnas undersökningsgrupp. Metod: En deskriptiv litteraturstudie som inkluderar elva vetenskapliga artiklar som söktes via databasen Medline via PubMed. Artiklarna analyserades med hjälp av Polit och Becks niostegsmodell för ett objektivt urval. Huvudresultat: Syskon som hade en bror eller syster med cancer upplevde många omställningar i livet, både emotionellt, fysiskt och psykiskt. Resultatet visar tre centrala stora upplevelser som syskonen upplevde, ”Känslosamma ögonblick”, “Att rätt information skapar trygghet” samt “Att leva i en förändrad tillvaro”. Undersökningsgrupperna i de inkluderade artiklarna var individer mellan 6-22 år och både pojkar och flickor samt att antalet varierade mellan 6-125 deltagare. Slutsats: Ett syskon till en bror eller syster med cancer upplever många känslor och förändringar samt påverkas av den nya tillvaron som uppstår efter cancerbeskedet. Detta innebär att familjesituationen, relationer och skolan påverkas på olika sätt.  

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  • 16.
    Bildtgard, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet.
    Öberg, Peter
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Changing sexual practices in intimate relationships in later life - a life course perspective2014In: The Gerontologist, ISSN 0016-9013, E-ISSN 1758-5341, Vol. 54, no Suppl. 2, p. 76-76Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In late modernity sex has escaped its reproductive cage and people form pure relationships, based on mutual satisfaction (Giddens). Ironically, although older people are per definition non-reproductive, they have been neglected in studies on sexuality. The aim is to study sexual attitudes and practices among older people in life-course perspective. We present results from 1) a qualitative interview study with 28 63–91 year old Swedes currently dating or in a relationship (married, cohabiting, LAT) initiated 60+ and 2) a quantitative survey including 1225 60–90 year old Swedes (response rate 42%). The interviews revealed a normative change, from condemnation of extra-marital sex in young adulthood to encouragement of sexual relationships but not marriage in later life. Despite restrictive norms, the survey showed a majority (93%) had had their sexual debut before marriage. All informants had experienced the 1960’s sexual liberation and today liberal attitudes seem to encompass later life. Most had had rather active sexual lives. Half or the survey respondents had had ≥4 more sexual partners, and one in five ≥10. Today, an active sex-life was regarded as important for a good relationship. Many informants had interpreted sexual decline as “natural” and age-related, but re-discovered sexuality with their new partner. The survey confirmed relationship length as a better predictor of sexual activity than age. Cohort and period effects will be discussed. It has been argued that sexual practices will become more liberal in the future by cohort replacement. Our data indicates that “the future might already be here”.

  • 17.
    Bildtgård, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Stockholms Universitet.
    Öberg, Peter
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Changing Sexual Practices in New Intimate Relationships in Later Life – A Life Course Perspective2014In: 8th International Conference on Cultural Gerontology: Programme and Abstracts, 2014, p. 138-138Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    It has been argued that in late modernity sex has escaped its reproductive cage and people form pure relationships, based on mutual satisfaction. Ironically, although older people are per definition non-­‐reproductive, they have often been neglected in studies on sexuality. In this paper we present results from 1) a qualitative interview study with a strategic sample of 28 63–91 year old Swedes currently dating or in a heterosexual relationship (married, cohabiting, LAT) initiated 60+ and 2) a quantitative survey including answers from 1225 60–90 year old Swedes. The interviews revealed a clear normative  change,  from  a  cultural  context  that  condemned  extra-­‐marital  sex  in young adulthood  to  a context  encouraging  sexual  relationships  but  not  marriage in later  life.  All  had experienced  the  sexual  liberation  of  the  1960s,  and today, these liberal  attitudes  seem  to encompass later life. Today, an active sex-­‐life is regarded as important for a good relationship and sexual attraction was seen as a precondition for newrelationships. Many informants had interpreted sexual decline in former relationships as “natural ageing”, but re-­‐discovered sexuality with their new partner. In the survey, a majority (93 %) had had their sexual debut before marriage (despite the restrictive norms). Half or the respondents have had ≥ 4 sexual partners, and one in five ≥ 10. Sexual activity correlated negatively with relationship length. It has often been argued that sexual values and practices will become more liberal in the future by cohort replacement. Our data indicates that “the future might already be here”.

  • 18.
    Bildtgård, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet.
    Öberg, Peter
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    New intimate relationships as a resource for independent living in later life2014In: The Gerontologist, ISSN 0016-9013, E-ISSN 1758-5341, Vol. 54, no Suppl. 2, p. 11-11Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Despite increased research interest in transitions into new intimate relationships in later life, little focus has been on how transitions affect older people’s social networks. We investigate the impact of entering into new intimate relationships in later life on interdependent lives. Results are based on both qualitative interviews with 28 Swedes (63–91 years) either dating or living in new relationships initiated 60+ (marriage, cohabitation, LAT), and a quantitative survey to 60–90 year old Swedes (n=1225; response rate 42%). A central theoretical frame is Elder’s (1994) principle of interdependent lives. A new relationship usually meant integration into the new partner’s social and filial networks (some problems will be discussed) and a restructuring of the relationship chain so that time and energy is redirected to the new partner. A new partner was described as a resource for living independent lives by the older informants, and as a way of “unburdening” the children. Finally, the qualitative interviews hinted at a hierarchy of dependencies. This was confirmed by the survey. A majority of respondents would primarily turn to their partners for social, emotional and practical support, with children as a distant second and “others” third. An exception was personal hygiene, where partners remained the first choice, but where the social services were preferred to children. This hierarchy was the same in new relationships. The results, partly contradicting previous research findings, are discussed in light of Western individualism generally and Swedish welfare-state and state supported individualism in particular.

  • 19.
    Bildtgård, Torbjörn
    et al.
    Stockholms universitet.
    Öberg, Peter
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    The Impact of New Intimate Relationships in Later Life on Intergenerational Exchange2014In: 8th International Conference on Cultural Gerontology: Programme and Abstracts, 2014, p. 167-167Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Much social gerontological research has focused on partner loss in later life and how it affects social, emotional and practical exchanges between generations. In this paper we instead ask how a newintimate relationship in later life affects these inter-­‐generational exchanges. The results are based both  on  qualitative  interviews  with  28  Swedes  (63–91  years)  either  dating  or  living  in  new relationships initiated after the age of 60 (marriage, cohabitation, LAT), and a quantitative survey to 60–90 year old Swedes (n=1225). In the interviews we found that the informants described changes in what we conceptualize as the ‘relationship chain’ –a hierarchy in social and care responsibilities–where the new partner stepped in at the very front of the chain. The follow-­‐up survey confirmed a hierarchy of dependencies, where partners tend to come first, followed by children, friends and the state. The interviews further showed that the informants recurrently described their partners as a resource for their own autonomy as well as that of their children and friends. We interpret these findings in light of an individualist culture of independence that characterizes the Nordic countries, aided by a strong welfare state, involving a strong ethic of not being a burden, even to your own children.

  • 20. Birkestam, Anderz Mw
    et al.
    Öster, Caisa
    Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för neurovetenskap.
    Arakelian, Erebouni
    Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kirurgiska vetenskaper.
    An observational study of ad-hoc anaesthesia teams2020In: Journal of perioperative practice, ISSN 2515-7949, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 102-106Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Anaesthesia teams are temporarily assembled to cooperate with teams in emergency departments in the immediate management of events compromising patients' airway, ventilation and circulation. Purpose: The aim was to describe a temporary ad-hoc anaesthesia team's performance. Design: An observational study was conducted. Methods: Data, collected with 12 non-participatory observations, were analysed using both an thematic method, and a validated assessment tool, the Team Emergency Assessment Measure. Results: Three themes were identified: (1) flexibility in assuming varying roles, (2) expertise in verbal and non-verbal communication and (3) skills dealing with the challenges of working in unfamiliar dynamic environments. Ninety per cent of anaesthesia teams scored 7.6 (0-10) on the overall assessment according to the Team Emergency Assessment Measure rating. Conclusion: Ad-hoc anaesthesia team members communicated in various ways and the anaesthesia team adapted well to the unpredictable environment in the emergency department.

  • 21.
    Björk, Ingela
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Leitzig, Andrea
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Sömnförändringar, sömnpåverkande faktorer samt sömnförbättrande omvårdnadsåtgärder för IVA-patienter: - en litteraturstudie2010Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Människan tillbringar en tredjedel av sitt liv i sömn det är ett behov vilket hon inte kan vara utan. Patienter som vårdas på IVA drabbas frekvent av sömnstörningar och därmed sömnbrist. Tidigare gjorda studier tyder på att IVA patienter upplever sömnstörningar som ett stort problem. Syfte: Att beskriva sömnförändringar, sömnpåverkande faktorer och sömnförbättrande omvårdnadsåtgärder för IVA-patienter. Metod: Databassökning gjordes och nyckelord har identifierats. Studier som inkluderar vuxna patienter som vårdats på en IVA har valts för denna beskrivande litteraturstudie. Resultat: IVA-patienter drabbas av fragmenterad sömn uppdelad i korta abnorma perioder. Sömnen påverkas av mänsklig intervention, diagnostiska tester samt miljöbetingad ljus och ljud. Minskning av ljud- och ljusnivån samt sammanhängande vilotid utan intervention var de främst undersökta sömnfrämjande omvårdnadsåtgärder i de granskande artiklarna. Slutsats: Alla IVA-patienter upplevde störd sömnrytm. I vilken utsträckning sömnrytm stördes berodde på ålder, sjukdom, erfarenhet av IVA-vård och respiratorvård. Omvårdnadsåtgärder som planerad vilotid, sänkningar av ljud och ljus förbättrade sömnmönstret och skapade möjlighet till förbättrad sömn.

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  • 22.
    Blom Johansson, Monica
    et al.
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Carlsson, Marianne
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science. Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Östberg, Per
    Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden.
    Sonnander, Karin
    Uppsala University, Sweden.
    Self-reported changes in everyday life and health of significant others of people with aphasia: a quantitative approach2022In: Aphasiology, ISSN 0268-7038, E-ISSN 1464-5041, Vol. 36, no 1, p. 76-94Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Changes in the everyday life and health of the significant others (SOs) of people living with stroke sequalae have been widely investigated. However, information regarding the frequency of the changes in daily life and the variables most associated with these perceived life changes is limited. Aims: To examine the extent to which SOs of persons with aphasia (PWAs) experience changes in everyday life and health after the stroke event and how they evaluate these changes and to identify which variables are associated with these perceived life changes. Methods & Procedures: A study-specific questionnaire about perceived changes in everyday life and health was completed by 173 SOs of PWAs living in Sweden (response rate 67.8%). The items concerned the SO’s working and financial situation, leisure time and social life, relationship with the PWA, household work and responsibility, and health and quality of life. Outcomes & Results: The everyday life and health of the SOs were greatly affected by the stroke event. The changes the SOs experienced were mainly appraised negatively. The relationships with the PWA and immediate family were least affected by the stroke. The perceived existence and severity of physical, cognitive, and language impairments of the PWA were the variables most strongly associated with the everyday life situation of the participants. The sex and age of the participants and the nature of the relationship with the PWA were only marginally associated with the experience of the situation. Conclusions: SOs’ perceptions of the PWA’s stroke-related disabilities and need for assistance may be a key factor in identifying SOs who may require support and guidance to help them cope with their new life situation.

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  • 23.
    Blom, Sandra
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Wenhov, Evelina
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Personers upplevelser av att anpassa sitt liv utifrån sin kroniska inflammatoriska tarmsjukdom (IBD)2022Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) include Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s disease who are characterized by recurrent inflammation in the bowel. The etiology of the diseases is still unknown, and research shows that it’s increasing, especially in Europe. To promote health despite a lifelong illness, the individual needs to take responsibility for their self-care to keep the disease in check.

    Aim: The aim of this study was to describe persons experience of adapting their life with their inflammatory bowel disease.

    Method: A descriptive literature study based on 12 qualitative studies. The databases used were PubMed and CINAHL. The study's limitations were English, humans, and 10 years. 

    Results: A recurring experience among people with IBD was that life was limited in school, work, social life and diet. Knowledge and support from others were important to adapt to a life with IBD. To keep the disease in remission, treatments and dietary adjustments were perceived as an important advantage. The experience of yourself changed, where a feeling of not being normal was common. Patients who were able to accept their disease, and who also transcended to find a higher purpose, ultimately improved their mental health.  

    Conclusion: The disease creates limitations in daily life and changes the self-image of people. Accepting a life with IBD was an important adjustment to create the opportunity to live one's life without these perceived limitations. According to the authors, the results will give nurses an increased understanding of caregiving and improved self-care for people with IBD.  

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  • 24.
    Brink, Amanda
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Olsson, Ida
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Patienters erfarenheter av egenvård vid diabetes mellitus typ 22022Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is a common disease that is increasing worldwide and usually affects people over 50 years of age, but is increasingly seen at younger ages. The risk of contracting it depends on both heredity and lifestyle, where physical activity, good diet and avoiding tobacco are some factors that can prevent contracting DMT2. Carrying out good self-care is important for the disease to be under control and not worsen. Purpose: To describe people's experiences of self-care in diabetes mellitus type 2. Method: A descriptive literature study where the database search was done in Pubmed. Thirteen primary studies generated content for the study results. Results: Three main themes emerged in the study, which were, Knowledge when performing self-care in people with DMT2, The importance of lifestyle changes in self-care in people with DMT2 and Obstacles in performing self-care in people with DMT2. In these main themes, seven subthemes emerged, Knowledge an important importance in managing self-care, The nurse's knowledge affects the person's self-care, New routines a challenge for self-care, The importance of support from relatives and people with the same illness for the maintenance of self-care, The economy affects the maintenance of self-care, Other diseases affect self-care and Stigma affects self-care. Conclusion: People's experiences of self-care in DMT2 showed that self-care management was challenging. The literature study can contribute to increased understanding and at the same time be a tool for the nurse, people with DMT2 and their surroundings and contribute to good experiences of self-care in DMT2.

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  • 25.
    Brolund, Emelie
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Jonsson, Kristin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Hur patienter som drabbats av hjärtinfarkt skattar och upplever sin livskvalitet efter utskrivning från sjukhus: En litteraturstudie2016Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund

    Att ha drabbats av en hjärtinfarkt kan vara väldigt omvälvande och innebär inte bara att patienter kan få fysiska skador på hjärtmuskulaturen utan även att den psykiska hälsan kan påverkas. Därför är det viktigt att studera hur patienter skattar och upplever att deras livskvalitet har påverkats efter att de drabbats av hjärtinfarkt.

    Syfte

    Syftet med denna litteraturstudie var att beskriva hur patienter som drabbats av hjärtinfarkt skattar och upplever sin livskvalitet efter utskrivning från sjukhus samt vilka datainsamlingsmetoder som använts i artiklarna.

    Metod

    Examensarbetet har gjorts i form av en deskriptiv litteraturstudie utifrån 12 stycken artiklar med kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Artiklarna är hämtade från databaserna Medline och PsycINFO och har granskats av båda författarna.

    Huvudresultat

    Studien visar att livskvaliteten kan förändras hos patienter som drabbats av hjärtinfarkt, och att många kan ha svårt att acceptera och hantera den nya situationen. I föreliggande studie framkom att patienternas brist på energi ligger till grunden för andra problem hos majoriteten av patienterna. Data har samlats in med hjälp av enkäter samt genom semistrukturerade intervjuer.

    Slutsats

    Denna studie visar att patienter som drabbats av hjärtinfarkt behöver tydlig information om deras tillstånd och vad de har att förvänta sig efter hjärtinfarkten för att lättare kunna acceptera och hantera den omvälvande situationen. Informationen och rehabiliteringen bör vara anpassad utifrån varje enskild individ eftersom patienterna många gånger upplever olika typer av problem och då kan behöva olika strategier för att handskas med dessa.

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  • 26.
    Browaldh, Nanna
    et al.
    Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden .
    Nerfeldt, Pia
    Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden .
    Lysdahl, Michael
    Aleris Fysiolog Lab, Sleep Division, Stockholm, Sweden .
    Bring, Johan
    Statisticon AB, Uppsala, Sweden .
    Friberg, Danielle
    Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    SKUP3 randomised controlled trial: polysomnographic results after uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in selected patients with obstructive sleep apnoea2013In: Thorax, ISSN 0040-6376, E-ISSN 1468-3296, Vol. 68, no 9, p. 846-853Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVE: To assess the 6-month efficacy of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) compared with expectancy in selected patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS).

    DESIGN: A prospective single-centre randomised controlled trial with two parallel arms stratified by Friedman stage and body mass index (BMI).

    PARTICIPANTS: 65 consecutive patients with moderate to severe OSAS (apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) ≥15 events/h sleep), BMI <36 kg/m(2), Epworth sleepiness scale ≥8, Friedman stage I or II.

    INTERVENTION: Surgical treatment with UPPP. The control group underwent UPPP after a delay of 6 months.

    OUTCOMES: Changes in AHI and other polysomnography parameters at baseline compared with the 6-month follow-up.

    RESULTS: All patients (32 in the intervention group and 33 in the control group) completed the trial. The mean (SD) AHI in the intervention group decreased significantly (p<0.001) by 60% from 53.3 (19.7) events/h to 21.1 (16.7) events/h . In the control group the mean AHI decreased by 11% from 52.6 (21.7) events/h to 46.8 (22.8) events/h, with a significant difference between the groups (p<0.001). The mean time in the supine position and the BMI were unchanged in both groups. Subgroup analyses for Friedman stage, BMI group and tonsil size all showed significant reductions in AHI in the intervention group compared with controls. There were no severe complications after surgery.

    CONCLUSIONS: This trial demonstrates the efficacy of UPPP in treating selected patients with OSAS with a mean reduction in AHI of 60% compared with 11% in controls, a highly significant and clinically relevant difference between the groups.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01659671.

  • 27.
    Böthun, Alicia
    et al.
    Umeå University.
    Häggman‐Henrikson, Birgitta
    Umeå University; Malmö University.
    Wiesinger, Birgitta
    Umeå University.
    Wänman, Anders
    Umeå University.
    Hellström, Fredrik
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Österlund, Catharina
    Department of Odontology Clinical Oral Physiology Faculty of Medicine Umeå University Umeå Sweden.
    Jaw–neck motor strategy during jaw‐opening with resistance load2022In: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, E-ISSN 1365-2842, Vol. 49, no 5, p. 514-521Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    The jaw and neck motor systems have a close functional integration but the effect of resistance load to the mandible during jaw opening on the jaw–neck integration is not known.

    Objectives

    To evaluate the effect of resistance load compared to no load on integrated jaw and neck motor function in individuals free from pain and dysfunction in the jaw and neck regions.

    Methods

    Jaw and head movements during continuous jaw opening were recorded with an optoelectronic system (MacReflex®) in 26 pain-free individuals (14 women, 12 men, mean age 22 years). Jaw opening was performed with and without resistance load (1600 g) to the mandible. The relationship between jaw movement amplitude, head movement amplitude, head/jaw ratio (quotient of head and jaw movement amplitude) and resistance load were modelled using linear mixed-model analysis. A p-value <.05 was considered statistically significant.

    Results

    The expected head/jaw ratio mean was increased by 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.08, p < .001) with resistance load as compared to no load. This corresponds to an increase in expected mean by 55.6%. With resistance load, expected mean head movement amplitude increased by 1.4 mm (95% CI: 0.2, 2.5, p = .018), and expected mean jaw movement amplitude decreased by 3.7 mm (95% CI: −7.0, −0.5, p = .025).

    Conclusion

    There is a compensation and adaptation of integrated jaw–neck motor function with an altered jaw–neck motor strategy during jaw opening with resistance load compared to no load. The head/jaw ratio demonstrates increased proportional involvement of the neck during increased load on the jaw system.

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  • 28.
    Böthun, Alicia
    et al.
    Umeå universitet.
    Lövgren, Anna
    Umeå universitet.
    Stålnacke, Britt-Marie
    Umeå universitet.
    Lampa, Ewa
    Umeå universitet.
    Österlund, Catharina
    Umeå universitet.
    Häggman-Henrikson, Birgitta
    Umeå universitet; Malmö universitet.
    Hellström, Fredrik
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health, Psychology and Sports Sciences, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research. Umeå universitet.
    Whiplash trauma did not predict jaw pain after 2 years: an explorative study2024In: Clinical Oral Investigations, ISSN 1432-6981, E-ISSN 1436-3771, Vol. 28, article id 165Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objectives

    To explore predictive factors for the development and maintenance of jaw pain over a 2-year period.

    Methods

    One hundred nineteen cases (73 women) and 104 controls (59 women), mean age 34.9 years (SD 13.9), attended baseline and 2-year follow-up examinations. The whiplash cases visited the emergency department at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden, with neck pain within 72 h following a car accident, and baseline questionnaires were answered within a month after trauma. Controls were recruited via advertising. Inclusion criteria were age 18–70 years, living in Umeå municipality and Swedish speaking. The exclusion criterion was neck fracture for cases and a previous neck trauma for controls. Validated questionnaires recommended in the standardized Research Diagnostic Criteria for temporomandibular disorders were used. Jaw pain was assessed by two validated screening questions answered with “yes” or “no.” A logistic regression analysis was used to predict the outcome variable jaw pain (yes/no) after 2 years.

    Results

    Whiplash trauma did not increase the odds of development of jaw pain over a 2-year period (OR 1.97, 95% CI 0.53–7.38). However, non-specific physical symptoms (OR 8.56, 95% CI 1.08–67.67) and female gender (OR 4.89, 95% CI 1.09–22.02) did increase the odds for jaw pain after 2 years.

    Conclusion

    The development and maintenance of jaw pain after whiplash trauma are primarily not related to the trauma itself, but more associated with physical symptoms.

    Clinical relevance

    The development of jaw pain in connection with a whiplash trauma needs to be seen in a biopsychosocial perspective, and early assessment is recommended.

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  • 29.
    Bülow, Michaela
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Gvozden, Azra
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Intensivvårdssjuksköterskans upplevelser av att vårda patienter som utfört suecid försök: En kvalitativ intervjustudie2018Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Suicide is a global health problem, according to WHO 800 000 people worldwide commit suicide every year and the suicide attempts are far more. Aim: To describe intensive care nurses’ (ICU nurse) experiences of taking care of patients, at an intensive care unit, who has committed a suicide attempt. Method: A descriptive design with a qualitative approach was used. Semi structured interviews with ten ICU nurses were conducted and analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Five categories were found; To meet patients who has committed a suicide attempt is complicated, To meet relatives of patients who has committed a suicide attempt, To patients who has committed a suicide attempt, psychiatry has meaning, To care for patients who has committed a suicide attempt brings up a lot of emotions, and To experience limitations and possibilities when taking care of patients who has committed a suicide attempt. ICU nurses described the complexity of nursing, communicating and treating patients who have committed a suicide attempt. These patients were described as a recurrent group, who often had an earlier experience of psychiatric care. They described a variety of reactions from relatives and the relatives need for support. ICU nurses experienced a long wait for the psychiatric consultation which contributed to slowing down the planning of the patients’ continued care. ICU nurses referred to suicide as tragic and that it brings up a lot of emotions among them. They also described that they experienced differences in severity of the suicide attempt depending on the use of suicide method and that prejudices existed among colleagues. ICU nurses described they lacked knowledge about mental illness and wished for better cooperation with psychiatric care. Conclusion: ICU nurses described the complexity of nursing, communicating and treating this group of patients due to lack of knowledge and that cooperation with psychiatric care could be improved.

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    Examensarbete
  • 30.
    Candell, Agneta
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Nursing science.
    Engström, Maria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Nursing science. Uppsala universitet.
    Dental hygienists’ work environment: motivating, facilitating, but also trying2010In: International Journal of Dental Hygiene, ISSN 1601-5029, E-ISSN 1601-5037, Vol. 8, no 3, p. 204-212Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the present study was to describe dental hygienists' experiences of their physical and psychosocial work environment. The study was descriptive in design and used a qualitative approach. Eleven dental hygienists participated in the study and data were collected during spring 2008 using semi-structured interviews. The material was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The results showed that the dental hygienists experienced their work environment as motivating and facilitating, but at the same time as trying. The three categories revealed a theme: Being controlled in a modern environment characterized by good relationships. Motivating factors were the good relationship with co-workers, managers and patients, seeing the results of your work, having your own responsibility and making your own decisions. The new, pleasant and modern clinics, good cooperation between co-workers and varying duties were described as facilitating factors. The trying factors, as described by the dental hygienists, were above all being controlled by time limits or by some elements of the work, such as teamwork. The dental hygienists also felt stress because appointments were too-short. To conclude, the participants described their work environment as trying in several ways, despite the modern clinics and good relationships.

  • 31.
    Christensen, Karin
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Holmstedt, Rebecca
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Metabolt syndrom hos neuroleptikabehandlade patienter inom rättspsykiatrisk vård 2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
  • 32.
    Dahlström, Örjan
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Handikappvetenskap.
    Skagerstrand, Åsa
    Örebro University Hospital, Audiological Research Center.
    Lyxell, Björn
    Linköpings universitet, Handikappvetenskap.
    Thunberg, Per
    Örebro University, Department of Medical Physics.
    Sörqvist, Patrik
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering, Environmental psychology.
    Lundin, Margareta
    Örebro University Hospital, Audiological Research Center.
    Johnsrude, Ingrid
    University of Western Ontario, School of Communication Sciences and Disorders.
    Rudner, Mary
    Linköpings universitet, Handikappvetenskap.
    Rönnberg, Jerker
    Linköpings universitet, Handikappvetenskap.
    Möller, Claes
    Örebro University Hospital, Audiological Research Center.
    Cognitive training and effects on speech-in noise performance in normal hearing and hearing impaired individuals2015Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Cognitive training might have potential to improve speech understanding under adverse listening conditions. Here, we have examined the effects of a 5-week computer-based cognitive training program on speech-in-noise-performance, in normal hearing (NH) participants and in participants with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (HI).

    Two groups, matched on gender and age (45-65 years), of 20 participants each (HI and NH respectively) are recruited. Participants perform four test-sessions; inclusion (t0), five weeks (t1), ten weeks (t2) and six months (t3). Training is performed either between t0 and t1, or between t1 and t2 (using a cross-over design), using the computer-based Cogmed training program, approximately 30-40 minutes per day, five days per week, during five weeks. At each session participants are tested in three different ways: (a) cognitive testing (KIPS, SICSPAN, TRT); (b) auditory performance (pure tone-audiometry (air- and bone-conduction) and speech audiometry (HINT, Swedish SPIN-test (SNR +4dB))); (c) cortical activation (MR sessions where participants performed a speech-in-noise task using Hagerman-sentences with steady-state speech-spectrum noise (SSN) and with two competing talkers). MR imaging is performed on a Philips Achieva 1.5 Tesla scanner using a sparse imaging technique in which stimuli are presented during the silent period between successive scans. Participants listen to auditory stimuli under eight different conditions: clear speech, SSN or two competing talkers (each at 90%, 50% and 0% intelligibility), and silent rest. Pre- and post-training, hearing disability is assessed by the Speech-Spatial-Qualities-Questionnaire.

    The study is on-going and behavioral results as well as results from fMRI will be presented.

  • 33.
    Dannison, Phawlay
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Rezaei, Mustafa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Personers upplevelser av att leva med typ 2 diabetes.2019Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Sammanfattning

    Bakgrund: Diabetes mellitus typ 2 (DMT2)är en av den vanligaste sjukdomarna och den ökar mer och mer på grund av ohälsosam livsstil. Faktorer som höjer risken för att utveckla DMT2 är livstillfaktorer som till exempel tobak, minskad fysisk aktivitet, stillasittande liv, matvanor och fetma. Sjukdomen behandlas med hälsosam kost, fysisk aktivitet och medicinering.

    Syftet: Syftet med studie var att beskriva personers upplevelser av att leva med DTM2.

    Metod: Litteraturstudie med en beskrivande design som bygger på 13 kvalitativa artiklar.

    Resultat: personerna upplever en psykologisk påverkan som visar sig som oro, rädsla, nedstämdhet och oro över framtiden. Personerna upplever också olika sociala begränsningar. Egenvården som främst består av medicinering, kost och fysisk aktivitet upplevs som mycket viktig. Kunskap och stöd av närstående och vårdpersonalen upplevs som viktig.

    Slutsats: Personer med DMT2 känner sig nedstämda och upplever oro. Genom att få stöd från närstående och vårdpersonal underlättas personernas självhantering av sjukdomen. Personerna upplever att umgänget med andra personer minskas på grund av sociala begränsningar. Olika copingstrategier samt egenvård spela stor roll för personer med diabetes typ 2. Mer kunskap inom området vore önskvärt för att ge ett adekvat bemötande.

    Nyckelord: diabetes mellitus typ 2, dagligt liv, upplevelser.

     

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  • 34.
    Eccles, Renata
    et al.
    University of Pretoria, South Africa.
    van der Linde, Jeannie
    University of Pretoria, South Africa.
    le Roux, Mia
    University of Pretoria, South Africa.
    Holloway, Jenny
    Council for Scientific and Industrial Research Next Generation Enterprises and Institutions, Pretoria, South Africa.
    MacCutcheon, Douglas
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Environmental Science.
    Ljung, Robert
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Environmental Science.
    Swanepoel, De Wet
    University of Pretoria, South Africa.
    Effect of music instruction on phonological awareness and early literacy skills of five- to seven-year-old children2021In: Early Child Development and Care, ISSN 0300-4430, E-ISSN 1476-8275, Vol. 191, no 12, p. 1896-1910Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    ABSTRACT Multiple studies and systematic reviews have shown that music instruction improves phonological awareness (PA) and early literacy skills in children, although findings vary. In meta-analyses, the reliability and significance of the transfer effect are reduced. The study evaluated the effect of varying durations of music instruction exposure, over a single academic year, on PA and early literacy of young children. Based on the exposure to music instruction, participants were assigned to either a low- or high-exposure group. Additional analyses were conducted for 17 age-matched pairs and to compare participants that only received class music to those that received additional music instruction. Between-groups comparisons showed no significant difference after a single academic year of music instruction. Within-groups comparisons identified more PA improvements in the high-exposure group. Exposure to music instruction for no less than one academic year, is required to conclusively evaluate the effect on PA and early literacy.

  • 35.
    Eckerblad, Jeanette
    et al.
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsa, Aktivitet, Vård (HAV).
    Tödt, Kristina
    Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för fysioterapi.
    Jakobsson, Per
    Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för kardiovaskulär medicin.
    Unosson, Mitra
    Linköpings universitet, Hälsa, Aktivitet, Vård (HAV).
    Skargren, Elisabeth
    Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för sjukgymnastik.
    Kentsson, M.
    Ryhov Hospital, Jönköping, Sweden.
    Theander, K.
    Karlstad University, Sweden; Värmland County Council, Karlstad, Sweden.
    Symptom burden in stable COPD patients with moderate or severe airflow limitation2014In: Heart & Lung, ISSN 0147-9563, E-ISSN 1527-3288, Vol. 43, no 4, p. 351-357Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES:

    To describe a multidimensional symptom profile in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and determine whether symptom experience differed between patients with moderate or severe airflow limitations.

    BACKGROUND:

    Patients with severe airflow limitation experience numerous symptoms, but little is known regarding patients with moderate airflow limitation.

    METHODS:

    A multidimensional symptom profile (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale) was assessed in 42 outpatients with moderate and 49 with severe airflow limitations.

    RESULTS:

    The mean number of symptoms in the total sample was 7.9 (±4.3) with no difference between patients with moderate and severe airflow limitations. The most prevalent symptoms with the highest MSAS symptom burden scores were shortness of breath, dry mouth, cough, sleep problems, and lack of energy in both groups.

    CONCLUSIONS:

    Patients with moderate or severe airflow limitations experience multiple symptoms with high severity and distress. An assessment of their multidimensional symptom profile might contribute to better symptom management.

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  • 36.
    Engstrand, Åsa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences.
    Anestesisjuksköterskors upplevelse av barnanestesi2012Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Abstract

    The aim of this study was to describe the anesthesia nurses experiences of pediatric anesthesia in two surgical wards, a general surgery department and a day surgery surgical department at two hospitals in central Sweden. The study had a descriptive design with a qualitative approach, in which ten anesthetic nurses with more or less experience in children's anesthesia participated. Data were collected using semi-structured interview questions and were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. The results were reported based on a theme, three sub themes and nine categories. The theme When skills, tactfulness and interpersonal skills come to a head, with three sub themes Being prepared and ready, Interacts and open for participation   and Emotional tension. The anesthesia nurses who were interviewed described the experiences of children anesthesia as complex and varied situations. They needed to prepare themselves thoroughly, both mentally and practically. Good interactions with the child, parents and health professionals were described as important components for a successful pediatric anesthesia. A successful anesthesia gave a feeling of great satisfaction, while a less successful anesthesia gave a feeling of frustration and failure of the anesthetic nurses. Despite the emotional tension, they felt that pediatric anesthesia was the most fun and challenging they could be involved in their profession.

     

     

     

     

    Keywords: anesthesia nurses, experiences, children's anesthesia, experience, preparation, parents' presence.

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  • 37.
    Ericols, Sofia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Haukkala, Malin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Kvinnors erfarenhet av sin sexuella hälsa vid bröstcancer: En beskrivande literaturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common cancer to affect women and statistics show that 1 in 14 women will be affected by breast cancer in their lifetime. Treatment for breast cancer can contribute to a variety of side effects, including those affecting women's sexual health. The aim: To describe the sexual health experiences of women with breast cancer. Methods: A descriptive literature review based on the results of 10 scientific articles. Main results: The majority of study participants described a change in their sexual health. A few experienced no difference at all after diagnosis and treatment. The women described experiences of decreased sexual desire and pain leading to decreased sexual activity. They described fears related to sex and breast cancer. Some experienced a change in self-esteem due to physical changes. Women described experiences of having sex when there was no desire because of a desire to please their partner or for religious reasons. Few women described experiences of improved sexual health in terms of more sexual desire or a stronger intimate relationship with their partner after diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion: Women have experiences of a change in sexual health associated with breast cancer and treatment. The results suggest that there is a lack of information and that some of the women lack support from the health care system regarding their sexual changes related to breast cancer and treatment. Health care should therefore offer these women more support and information about problems that may arise in order to promote their sexual health.

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  • 38.
    Eriksson, Britt-Mari
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Tinnerholm, Camilla
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Samsjuklighet med missbruk/beroende inom rättspsykiatrisk vård: en intervjustudie om vårdares erfarenheter2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Many psychiatric patients with comorbidity of addiction /dependence are treating in forensic mental health. The patient group is heterogenic with complex and specific health needs. Nursing care staffs are those who spent the most time with these patients. The aim of this study was to describe caregivers' experiences of caring for patients suffering from severe mental disorder with comorbidity of addiction /dependence, in psychiatric care. Ten registered nurses and ten licensed mental nurses who worked at a forensic psychiatric clinic were interviewed, and the material was processed with content analysis. Interviews were conducted with support of a semi-structured interview guide. From the analysis revealed 14 subcategories to form four categories: collaboration, create functional everyday life, persist over time and knowledge / skills. The results showed that nursing care staff´s interaction with patients and other health care professionals gave a holistic approach. Good health care relationships could help patients to break the denial of substance abuse problems. Individualized activities and practical skill training was important in patients' rehabilitation. Nursing process could not be rushed and motivational work was crucial. Clinical experience, life experience, theoretical knowledge combined with a secure and stable personality, were the skills as nursing care staff´s needed to care for these patients. In the area of knowledge abuse/dependence experienced nurses need theoretical completion.

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  • 39.
    Eslami, Bahareh
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Public health science. Mittuniversitetet; Karolinska Institutet.
    Sundin, Örjan
    Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för psykologi.
    Khankeh, Hamid Reza
    Department of Nursing, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
    Soares, Joaquim
    Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för hälsovetenskap.
    Style of Coping and its Determinants in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease in a Developing Country2014In: Congenital Heart Disease, ISSN 1747-079X, E-ISSN 1747-0803, Vol. 9, no 4, p. 349-360Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Objective The objective of this study is to compare coping strategies between adults with and without congenital heart disease and to scrutinize the associations between different available resources (e.g., social support) and adoption of certain coping strategies.

    DesignThe study has a cross-sectional case-control design.

    SettingThe study was conducted in two university-affilliated heart hospitals in Tehran, Iran.

    Patients The participants comprised 347 persons (18–64 years) with and 353 individuals without congenital heart disease, matched by gender and age.

    Outcome Measures Coping strategies, assessed with the Utrecht Coping List-short form, were compared between both groups. Block-wise multiple regression analyses were conducted to scrutinize the associations between different independent variables (e.g., demographic/socioeconomic statuses) and adoption of certain styles of coping (dependent variables) among all participants and separately for each group.

    Results The styles of coping in the patients were comparable with those of the control group. Multivariate analyses revealed that congenital heart disease per se was not associated with style of coping except for palliative reaction pattern. The active problem-solving coping style was associated with never married marital status, parenthood, unemployment, higher level of anxiety/somatic symptoms, lower level of depressive symptoms, and better social support. The avoidance behavior style was associated with having a low income, whereas the expression of emotion style was associated with higher anxiety symptoms, experience of financial strain, and income. None of the adopted coping strategies was related to the heart disease variables.

    Conclusions The adults with congenital heart disease coped as well as adults without congenital heart disease. Marital status, parenthood, annual income, financial strain, psychological adjustment, and perceived social support were important explanatory factors in adopting a certain style of coping among adults with congenital heart disease. However, longitudinal studies with repeated measures are warranted.

  • 40.
    Fjell, Maria
    et al.
    Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Langius-Eklöf, Ann
    Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Nilsson, Marie
    Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Function Area Social Work in Health Care, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm County Council, Academic Primary Health Care Center, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wengström, Yvonne
    Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Stockholm, Sweden; Karolinska University Hospital, Cancer Theme, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Sundberg, Kay
    Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Reduced symptom burden with the support of an interactive app during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer - A randomized controlled trial2020In: Breast, ISSN 0960-9776, E-ISSN 1532-3080, Vol. 51, p. 85-93Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    OBJECTIVES: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy causes distressing symptoms, which have to be managed by patients at home. Assessing and acting upon relevant patient-reported symptoms regularly with the support of mHealth such as apps, has shown to decrease symptom burden and improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There is a lack of apps for patients with breast cancer which are tested in rigorous trials and only a few include interactive components for immediate clinical management. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the use of the interactive app Interaktor improves patients' levels of symptom burden and HRQoL during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This randomized controlled trial included patients in an intervention group (n = 74) and a control group (n = 75), recruited at two university hospitals in Stockholm, Sweden. The intervention group used Interaktor for symptom reporting, self-care advice and support from health-care professionals during treatment, and the control group received standard care alone. Self-reported symptoms and HRQoL were assessed at two time points to determine differences between the groups.

    RESULTS: The intervention group rated statistically significant less symptom prevalence in nausea, vomiting, feeling sad, appetite loss and constipation. Overall symptom distress and physical symptom distress were rated statistically significant lower in the intervention group. Further, emotional functioning was rated statistically significant higher in the intervention group.

    CONCLUSIONS: By using the Interaktor app in clinical practice, patients get individual support when managing treatment-related symptoms during neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer, leading to decreased symptom burden and improved emotional functioning.

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  • 41. Forinder, Ulla
    Barn med cancer – familj i kris1997In: Komplekst og varieret: en antologi om svensk-dansk psykosocial onkologi / [ed] Helle Ploug Hansen, Carol Tishelman, Lund: Studentlitteratur AB, 1997, 1Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 42. Forinder, Ulla
    Stödgrupp för unga vuxna - ur ett anhörigperspektiv: ett vårdutvecklingsprojekt hos Cancerfonden 1999-2000 : slutrapport2001Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [sv]

    Rapporten beskriver ett projekt på Huddinge universitetssjukhus med syfte att skaffa kunskap om huruvida en gruppverksamhet är en lämplig stödform för unga anhöriga till cancerpatienter. Man anordnade en verksamhet med en grupp bestående av 5 ungdomar vars föräldrar var svårt och obotligt sjuka i cancer. Vid den åttonde och sista gruppträffen gjordes en utvärdering av gruppen. Samtliga inblandade var i stort sett mycket positiva. De deltagande ungdomarna tyckte att en gruppverksamhet fungerade mycket bra då det överskuggande behovet var att träffa andra som är i samma situation.

  • 43.
    Fransson, Liselotte
    et al.
    Soder Sjukhuset, Sweden .
    Franzén, Stephanie
    Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för läkemedelsforskning.
    Rosengren, Victoria
    Soder Sjukhuset, Sweden .
    Wolbert, Petra
    Soder Sjukhuset, Sweden .
    Sjöholm, Åke
    Soder Sjukhuset, Sweden .
    Ortsater, Henrik
    Soder Sjukhuset, Sweden .
    beta-cell adaptation in a mouse model of glucocorticoid-induced metabolic syndrome2013In: Journal of Endocrinology, ISSN 0022-0795, E-ISSN 1479-6805, Vol. 219, no 3, p. 231-241Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Glucocorticoids (GCs) are stress hormones primarily responsible for mobilizing glucose to the circulation. Due to this effect, insulin resistance and glucose intolerance are concerns in patients with endogenous overproduction of GCs and in patients prescribed GC-based therapy. In addition, hypercortisolemic conditions share many characteristics with the metabolic syndrome. This study reports on a thorough characterization, in terms of glucose control and lipid handling, of a mouse model where corticosterone is given via the drinking water. C57BL/6J mice were treated with corticosterone (100 or 25 mu g/ml) or vehicle in their drinking water for 5 weeks after which they were subjected to insulin or glucose tolerance tests. GC-treated mice displayed increased food intake, body weight gain, and central fat deposit accumulations. In addition, the GC treatment led to dyslipidemia as well as accumulation of ectopic fat in the liver and skeletal muscle, having a substantial negative effect on insulin sensitivity. Also glucose intolerance and hypertension, both part of the metabolic syndrome, were evident in the GC-treated mice. However, the observed effects of corticosterone were reversed after drug removal. Furthermore, this study reveals insights into beta-cell adaptation to the GC-induced insulin resistance. Increased pancreatic islet volume due to cell proliferation, increased insulin secretion capacity, and increased islet chaperone expression were found in GC-treated animals. This model mimics the human metabolic syndrome. It could be a valuable model for studying the complex mechanisms behind the development of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, as well as the multifaceted relations between GC excess and disease.

  • 44.
    Franzén, Ove
    et al.
    Mittuniversitetet.
    Richter, HansKarolinska institutet.Stark, LawrenceUniversity of California, Berkeley, USA.
    Accommodation and Vergence Mechanisms in the Visual System2000Conference proceedings (editor) (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This conference was instigated by a combination of factors: The nature of the problem, the wide­ spread occupational epidemiology reported on eye symptoms and eye fatigue in the workplace, and the organizers' awareness of the complexity of the scientific and clinical bases of knowledge that might be usefully applied. The introduction of new methods into system neurobiology provides new insights into how we receive and process information from the external world, and act upon it. New, non-invasive methods have opened the way to direct observation of the human brain in action. Due particularly to the interaction between the visual and oculomotor requirements involved, several clinical and scientific fields intersect when these issues are considered. To provide clear vision the accommodative and pupillary mechanisms are used. To maintain binocularity, the ver­ gence oculomotor system, sensitive to fatigue, must attain congruence with accommodative levels. This accommodation-vergence linkage was a focus of our symposium.

  • 45.
    Fritzell, Kaisa
    et al.
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Stake Nilsson, Kerstin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Health and Caring Sciences, Caring science.
    Jervaeus, Anna
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Hultcrantz, Rolf
    Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Wengström, Yvonne
    Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Breast and Sarcoma Unit, Radiumhemmet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Swede.
    The importance of people's values and preferences for colorectal cancer screening participation2017In: European Journal of Public Health, ISSN 1101-1262, E-ISSN 1464-360X, Vol. 27, no 6, p. 1079-1084Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: To explore how individuals reason when they make decisions about participating in colorectal cancer(CRC) screening.

    Methods: Individuals randomized colorectal cancer (CRC) screeningto FIT or colonoscopy included in the Screening of Swedish Colons (SCREESCO) program was invited to focus group discussions and individual telephone interviews. The concept of shared decision-making (SDM: information; values/preferences; involvement) was used as a matrixfor the analyses. To validate findings, additional focus group discussions using the nominal group technique were performed.

    Results: Lack of knowledge of CRC and CRC screening was prominent for participants and non-participants, while the results differed between the groups in relation to their values and preferences. The influence of significant others promoted participation while it prevented it among non-participants. Those who participated and those who did not made it clear that there was no need to involve health care professionals when making the decision.

    Conclusions: Based on the results, a display of different ways to spread knowledge and communicate about CRC and CRC-screening could be applied such as, community-based information campaigns, decisions aids, interactive questionnaires, chat-functions and telephone support. The disparity in values and pref-erences between participants and non-participants may be the key to understand why non-participants make theirdecisions not to participate and warrant further exploration.

  • 46. Fröjdh, Christer
    et al.
    Krapohl, David
    Reza, Salim
    Mittuniversitet.
    Fröjdh, Erik
    Thungström, Göran
    Norlin, Börje
    Spectral resolution in pixel detectors with single photon processing2013In: Proceedings SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2013, SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering , 2013Conference paper (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Pixel detectors based on photon counting or single photon processing readout are becoming popular for spectral X-ray imaging. The detector is based on deep submicron electronics with functions to determine the energy of each individual photon in every pixel. The system is virtually noiseless when it comes to the number of the detected photons. However noise and variations in system parameters affect the determination of the photon energy. Several factors affect the energy resolution in the system. In the readout electronics the most important factors are the threshold dispersion, the gain variation and the electronic noise. In the sensor contributions come from charge sharing, variations in the charge collection efficiency, leakage current and the statistical nature of the charge generation, as described by the Fano factor. The MEDIPIX technology offers a powerful tool for investigating these effects since energy spectra can be captured in each pixel. In addition the TIMEPIX chip, when operated in Time over Threshold mode, offers an opportunity to analyze individual photon interactions, thus addressing charge sharing and fluorescence. Effects of charge sharing and the properties of charge summing can be investigated using MEDIPIX3RX. Experiments are performed using both Si and CdTe detectors. In this paper we discuss the various contributions to the spectral noise and how they affect detector response. The statements are supported with experimental data from MEDIPIX-type detectors.

  • 47.
    Gabrielsson, Göran
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology.
    "Lasta och åk": Akutbilens anestesisjuksköterskors uppfattningar om intubation vid traumatiska skallskador2009Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 48.
    Gizachew, Sirgut
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology.
    Människors upplevelser av att leva med typ 2 diabetes2008Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 15 points / 22,5 hpStudent thesis
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  • 49.
    Godskesen, Tove
    et al.
    Uppsala universitet, Centrum för forsknings- och bioetik.
    Kihlbom, Ulrik
    Uppsala universitet, Centrum för forsknings- och bioetik.
    Nordin, Karin
    Uppsala universitet; University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
    Silén, Marit
    Uppsala universitet, Vårdvetenskap.
    Nygren, Peter
    Uppsala universitet, Experimentell och klinisk onkologi.
    Differences in trial knowledge and motives for participation among cancer patients in phase 3 clinical trials2015In: European Journal of Cancer Care, ISSN 0961-5423, E-ISSN 1365-2354, Vol. 25, no 3, p. 516-523Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    While participants in clinical oncology trials are essential for the advancement of cancer therapies, factors decisive for patient participation have been described but need further investigation, particularly in the case of phase 3 studies. The aim of this study was to investigate differences in trial knowledge and motives for participation in phase 3 clinical cancer trials in relation to gender, age, education levels and former trial experience. The results of a questionnaire returned from 88 of 96 patients (92%) were analysed using the Mann-Whitney U-test. There were small, barely relevant differences in trial knowledge among patients when stratified by gender, age or education. Participants with former trial experience were less aware about the right to withdraw. Male participants and those aged ≥65 years were significantly more motivated by a feeling of duty, or by the opinions of close ones. Men seem more motivated than women by external factors. With the awareness that elderly and single male participants might be a vulnerable group and participants with former trial experience are less likely to be sufficiently informed, the information consent process should focus more on these patients. We conclude that the informed consent process seems to work well, with good results within most subgroups.

  • 50.
    Gustafsson, Julia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science.
    Vallberg, Maria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av egenvård hos diabetes typ-2 patienter2021Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Diabetes mellitus type-2 is one of the most common public diseases worldwide, in Sweden it is estimated that about 300,000 people suffer from the disease. A large part of the treatment for people with type 2 diabetes is to change their eating habits, physical activity and to medicate themselves, this is called self-care. A large part of nurses' work with type 2 diabetes patients is to motivate and provide support to the patients so that they comply with the lifestyle advice given as far as possible. How patients experience their self-care looks different, some believe that because the disease is genetic it is not something that could be controlled while others thought that self-care and the disease could be difficult to manage and that support from health care is important.

     

    Aim: The aim of the study was to describe the nurse's experiences of self-care in

    diabetes mellitus type-2 patients

     

    Method: A literature study with descriptive design that includes a total of 10 articles of qualitative approach from the database Pubmed.

     

    Results: 

    The results showed that nurses often perceived their patients as unjustified in their self-care and that they had difficulty following the lifestyle advice given, this was a common theme. Nurses used various methods to improve the self-care and motivation of their patients. It also emerged from the results that the nurses experienced stress and reduced job satisfaction, related to the fact that they could not provide the good diabetes care they wanted as they felt that they did not get any hearing from the patient.

     

    Conclusion: The present literature study shows that nurses may need support and tools to provide the right self-care support to their patients. This can thus lead to the nurses feeling more satisfied with the work they have accomplished and thus also promote job satisfaction.

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