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  • 1.
    Arnell, Susann
    et al.
    Örebro University.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Örebro University.
    Geidne, Susanna
    Örebro University.
    Lundqvist, Lars-Olov
    Örebro University.
    Experiences of stakeholder collaboration when promoting participation in physical activity among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder2022In: Disability and Rehabilitation, ISSN 0963-8288, E-ISSN 1464-5165, Vol. 44, no 9, p. 1728-1736Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    Various stakeholders contribute to the development of healthy physical activity habits in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parents and stakeholders seek collaborative actions but little is still known about such efforts. The purpose of this study was thus to explore how professionals from different services experience stakeholder collaboration when promoting participation in physical activity for these adolescents.

    Method

    Five focus group discussions were held with 17 professionals from education, health care, community, and sports organizations, engaged in the promotion of physical activity in adolescents with ASD. The data were analyzed with qualitative content analysis.

    Results

    The discussions revolved around a central theme: Collaboration is needed to promote physical literacy among adolescents with ASD. The professionals though experienced that this collaboration was hampered by the low priority given to physical activity issues within different organizations, by limited resources, lack of knowledge, and unclear roles.

    Conclusions

    Notwithstanding the professionals? different roles, all agreed that physical activity issues need to be prioritized and that each stakeholder needs to acknowledge the shared responsibility of collaboration. However, more clear routines for collaboration that include joined efforts but also highlight the organization-specific responsibilities might enhance the collaborative efforts.

    IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONI

    n-depth understanding of both the adolescents? needs and the environments in which physical activity is promoted is required if participation in physical activity among adolescents with ASD is to be enhanced.Families and professionals within different organizations need to be supported to collaborate when mapping and meeting the adolescents? physical activity needs. Issues regarding developing physical activity habits need to be prioritized.Professionals, such as education, health, and community professionals who are important for the promotion of healthy physical activity habits need to be included in multi-stakeholder meetings.

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  • 2.
    Arnell, Susann
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Lundqvist, Lars-Olov
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.
    Feasibility of using Q-sort to map conditional participation in physical activity in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder2023In: Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly, ISSN 0736-5829, E-ISSN 1543-2777, Vol. 40, no 1, p. 63-85Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Participation in physical activity among adolescents with autism is often conditional. However, there is a lack of methods for identifying these specific conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop and investigate the feasibility of a Q-sort tool to map individual-specific conditions for participation in physical activity among adolescents with autism and to identify different viewpoints regarding conditions for such participation. Method: An exploratory mixed-methods design was employed to investigate the feasibility of using Q methodology and the Q-sort procedure to identify what individual-specific conditions are important for participation in physical activity for adolescents with autism. Results: The adolescents ranked the statements with varying levels of ease. Two viewpoints were identified: Autonomous participation without surprises and Enjoyment of activity in a safe social context. Conclusion: Q-sort is a feasible method for mapping conditions for participation, which can guide the development of tailored physical activity interventions.

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  • 3.
    Arnell, Susann
    et al.
    Örebro University.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Örebro University.
    Lundqvist, Lars-Olov
    Örebro University.
    Parents’ perceptions and concerns about physical activity participation among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder2020In: Autism, ISSN 1362-3613, E-ISSN 1461-7005, Vol. 24, no 8, p. 2243-2255Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The parents of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder have a vital and proactive role in encouraging healthy physical activity habits, and they possess important knowledge about the adolescents’ needs when it comes to enhancing participation in physical activity. But promoting healthy physical activity habits in adolescents can be difficult. The purpose of this study was thus to describe parents’ perceptions of their adolescent child’s participation in physical activity and to describe the parental role in promoting such participation. Twenty-eight parents of adolescents aged 12–16 years with autism spectrum disorder were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed using an inductive content analysis approach. The parents described how challenging participation in physical activities could be for their adolescents. Despite this, they wanted to see their children participate more in physical activity but found the promotion of physical activity to be an overwhelming task that was difficult to cope with on their own. The results reveal a need for support and collaborative efforts among different actors to give these issues increased priority in order to promote the adolescents’ physical activity participation.

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  • 4.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Postural balance, physical activity and capacity among young people with intellectual disability2013Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate postural balance, physical activity, physical capacity and their associations in young people (16-20 years) with intellectual disability (ID), mild to moderate. The aim was also to study the reliability and concurrent validity of postural balance tests.

    To evaluate postural balance, one assessor used five common postural balance tests and one new test. The tests were performed twice for 89 young people with ID (one to twelve days apart). Intraclass correlation coefficients greater than 0.80 were achieved for four of the common balance tests: Extended Timed Up and Go Test (ETUGT), Modified Forward Reach Test (MFRT), One-Leg Stance Test (OLS), and a Force Platform Test (FPT). The smallest real difference ranged from 12% to 40%; less than 20% is considered to be low. For the six balance tests, the concurrent validity varied between none to low.

    Falls are more common for young people with ID compared to young people without ID. One reason could be impaired postural balance. The postural balance for young people with ID has not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, five balance tests and three muscle strength tests were used to compare young people with ID with an age-matched control group without ID (n=255). The young people with ID had significantly lower scores on most of the postural balance tests and muscle strength tests of the trunk and lower limbs. Muscle strength, height, and body mass index had no strong association with postural balance. The results also illustrated that young people with ID did not rely more on vision for their balance ability compared to peers without ID.

    It seems that postural balance is impaired for young people with ID when evaluated with common tests. An everyday situation is to react to unexpected balance disturbances to avoid falls by using different postural responses. Since young people with ID seem to fall more often than peers without ID, it is valuable to investigate if those postural responses are different between the groups. Therefore, young people with and without ID (n=99) were exposed to six backward surface translations and several postural muscle responses were evaluated: muscle synergies and strategies, muscle onset latency, time-to-peak amplitude, and adaptation. The responses of the investigated muscles – the gastrocnemius, the biceps femoris, and the erector spinae L4 level – were measured using electromyography. The results showed that there were no differences between the two groups with respect to synergies or strategies, muscle onset latency, and time-to-peak amplitude. An overall pattern was seen, that young people with ID adapted their muscle response slower in all three muscles than peers without ID, but this pattern was not statistically significant.

    Studies have shown that people with ID have impaired postural balance, a lower level of physical activity, and lower aerobic capacity compared to people without ID. The association is however not investigated. Therefore, postural balance (postural sway indirectly measured with the subjects standing on a force platform), physical activity (measured with a pedometer), and aerobic capacity (measured with a sub-maximal ergometer cycle test) were used to assess young people with and without ID (n=106). To investigate the subjects’ view of their own health, the subjects completed an adapted questionnaire that addressed their perceived health. The analysis showed no significant associations between postural balance, level of physical activity, and aerobic capacity. The subjects in the ID group, both men and women, had significantly lower aerobic capacity compared to subjects without ID. The answers from the health questionnaire did not correspond to the measured outcomes from the physical tests for young people with ID.

    In conclusion, ETUGT and MFRT can be used to evaluate change in postural balance over time in young people with mild to moderate ID. The low concurrent validity suggests that the postural balance tests probably challenge various subsystems. Young people with ID have impaired postural balance and perform lower on muscle strength tests than age-matched controls. Postural muscle responses after external perturbations seem to be similar for young people with and without ID, but the ability to adapt muscle responses after repeated perturbations appears to be slower for young people with ID. The studies in the thesis also indicate that young people with ID have reduced level of physical activity and lower aerobic capacity. The lack of association between the different physical functions indicates that they should be evaluated and exercised separately. Young persons with ID might have more difficulty realising the health advantage of being physically active, as they do not seem to make this connection. Because of this, it is important that parents/guardians, school staff, physiotherapists, and others encourage them to participate in physical activity.

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  • 5.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Ahlström, Johan
    Coaching manual for training cross-country skiers with intellectual disability2021Report (Other academic)
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  • 6.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Ahlström, Johan
    Coaching manual vid träning av längdskidåkning med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning2021Report (Other academic)
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  • 7.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Seipel, Stefan
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Computer Science. Uppsala universitet.
    Engström, Maria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Caring Science, Caring Science.
    Using augmented reality technology for balance training in the older adults: a feasibility pilot study2021In: BMC Geriatrics, E-ISSN 1471-2318, Vol. 21, article id 144Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: Impaired balance leading to falls is common in the older adults, and there is strong evidence that balance training reduces falls and increases independence. Reduced resources in health care will result in fewer people getting help with rehabilitation training. In this regard, the new technology augmented reality (AR) could be helpful. With AR, the older adults can receive help with instructions and get feedback on their progression in balance training. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the feasibility of using AR-based visual-interactive tools in balance training of the older adults.; Methods: Seven older adults (66-88 years old) with impaired balance trained under supervision of a physiotherapist twice a week for six weeks using AR-based visual-interactive guidance, which was facilitated through a Microsoft HoloLens holographic display. Afterwards, participants and physiotherapists were interviewed about the new technology and their experience of the training. Also, fear of falling and balance ability were measured before and after training.; Results: Five participants experienced the new technology as positive in terms of increased motivation and feedback. Experiences were mixed regarding the physical and technical aspects of the HoloLens and the design of the HoloLens application. Participants also described issues that needed to be further improved, for example, the training program was difficult and monotonous. Further, the HoloLens hardware was felt to be heavy, the application's menu was difficult to control with different hand manoeuvres, and the calibration took a long time. Suggestions for improvements were described. Results of the balance tests and self-assessment instruments indicated no improvements in balance performance after AR training.; Conclusions: The study showed that training with the new technology is, to some extent, feasible for the older adults, but needs further development. Also, the technology seemed to stimulate increased motivation, which is a prerequisite for adherence to training. However, the new technology and training requires further development and testing in a larger context.

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  • 8.
    Borg, Simon
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Ekfeldt Lundqvist, Oscar
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Self-efficacy och andra motivationsfaktorer som förklaring till fortsatt utövande av fotboll på motionsnivå2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Syftet med studien var att undersöka manliga fotbolls-motionärer och deras uppfattning om vad som får dem att fortsätta utöva motionsfotboll baserat på tron av den egna förmågan (self-efficacy) och olika motivationsfaktorer. Studien baseras på en kvantitativ metod i form av en enkät med två frågeformulär där ansatsen var deskriptiv. Totalt svarade 46 manliga fotbollsspelare mellan division 4–8 på enkäten. Resultatet visade att undersökningsgruppen har ett relativt högt self-efficacy beträffande fotbollsutövande. Att yngre fotbollsspelare motiveras av att tävla och utvecklas jämfört med de äldre. Spelare i division 4 visade sig motiveras av utveckling i högre grad än resten av deltagarna. Till sist visade resultatet att individer med högt self-efficacy motiveras av den sociala faktorn. Slutsatsen blev att utövande av fotboll på motionsnivå går att förklara genom self-efficacy och att högt self-efficacy framför allt förknippas med den sociala motivationsfaktorn. Samtidigt visade det sig att olika serier och åldersgrupper hos deltagarna kan vara motivationsfaktorer som övertygar till fortsatt deltagande i motionsfotboll. 

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  • 9. Burns, Jan
    et al.
    Johnston, Matthew
    Handbok för bäst praxis vid träning av idrottare med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning2020Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur man använder denna bästa-praxishandbokInnehållet i handboken grundar sig på en övergripande och djupgående granskning av de resurser som för närvarande finns tillgängliga för den här särskilda formen av handledning. Efter att ha gjort omfattande sökningar på webb och i databaser, har över 100 resurser som bl.a. omfattar träningshandböcker, kurser (bl.a. e-lärande), läroböcker, artiklar, webbsidor och informationsbroschyrer kunnat lokaliseras. Var och en av dessa har granskats och information som kan vara till nytta när det gäller att träna idrottare med IF har använts. Vissa resurser har vi inte kunnat ta med eftersom de inte var skrivna på engelska, men de lades till i databasen. Vi har också intervjuat tränare och idrottare med kunskaper om olika idrottsgrenar för att utnyttja deras erfarenheter, exempel och resurser för att ytterligare utvidga dessa idéer om bästa praxis. Därefter har vi placerat dessa förslag i en teoretisk ram för att hjälpa tränarna att generalisera verksamheten i olika sammanhang. 

    Målgruppen för denna handbok för bästa praxis är tränare som håller på med eller är intresserade av att handleda idrottare med IF – alltifrån gräsrötter till elitnivå. Den kan också komma väl till pass för gymnastiklärare, frivilliga som arbetar med personer med IF, arrangörer eller personer som ordnar med idrotts- och motionstillfällen. Informationen i handboken kan också vara till nytta för föräldrar eller vårdnadshavare till barn/unga personer med IF som vill engagera sig inom idrotten, både som rekreations- och som utvecklingsinriktad verksamhet.

    Handboken fokuserar på flera huvudsakliga träningsområden för idrottare med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning.  

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  • 10.
    Geidne, Susanna
    et al.
    Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Jämlik idrott och funktionsnedsättningar2019In: Idrotten och (o)jämlikheten: I medlemmarnas eller samhällets intresse? / [ed] Christine Dartsch, Johan R Norberg & Johan Pihlblad, Stockholm: Centrum för idrottsforskning , 2019, p. 133-148Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Hur kan föreningsidrotten passa alla oavsett förutsättningar? Forskning visar att föreningar måste bli bättre på att anpassa ordinarie aktiviteter, snarare än att skilja grupper åt. En jämlik idrottsrörelse kräver en mångfald av aktiviteter - alla vinner på att all organiserad idrott inte ser likadan ut.

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  • 11.
    Geidne, Susanna
    et al.
    Örebro universitet.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Sports clubs and young people with disabilities - a matter of equality?2019Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Movement and physical activity is one of the largest public health challenges of our time. A setting that is particularly suitable for promoting physical activity is sports clubs, which are the main setting for leisure time activities in many countries. Sports club activities have the apparent potential to promote health in a comprehensive way and to contribute to overall physical activity levels, psychosocial health as well as healthy behaviors. From an equality perspective, it is therefore worrisome that young people with disabilities participate to lesser extent than other adolescents. Research in this field have mostly focused on consequences and barriers for young people who not participate in sports. Strategies for participation and especially from an equality perspective have been studied less. This study aims to explore how young people with disabilities are involved in sports clubs and how this can be understood within a framework of equality. Methods: this empirical study from Sweden builds on four focus groups including up to five participants from regional sports federations and sports clubs in two Swedish regions. The interviews are analyzed with conceptual pairs such as equality/equity, equality/inequality, inclusion/integration, adapt sport/adapt child and prerequisites/barriers for equality. Results: results are presented about how equality is regarded concerning this target group as well as prerequisites and barriers for equality. Conclusions: it can be concluded that even though young people with disabilities hardly is a homogenous group some overall conclusions can be drawn. A solution is to go from adapting sport for disabled persons to adapting sport for all people. Sports have to be adapted to the participants, not the other way around. Equality in sport implies diversity. Diverse sport, organized differently will lead to more people doing sports for longer in life, which will benefit everyone, both individually and at the societal level. Funding: the study is funded by the Swedish research council for sport science.

  • 12.
    Jacobson, Oliver
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Lyberg, Victor
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Fotbollsspelares löpvolym under matchspel: En litteraturstudie2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: Att monitorera fotbollsspelares inre och yttre belastning har ökat under de senaste åren. Elitfotbollsklubbar världen över använder dessa hjälpmedel för att följa spelarnas utveckling och att således få en bättre förståelse om spelarens belastning under träning och match. Mätverktyget globala positioneringssystemet (GPS) möjliggör för tränarstaben att få bättre insikt kring spelarnas yttre belastning vilket har påvisats i tidigare forskning är av betydelse för prevention av skador och idrottslig framgång.  

     Syftet med studien var att kartlägga totalvolym av löpdistans, högintensiv löpning och sprintlöpning som manliga elitfotbollsspelare utför under matchspel mellan åren 2013–2023. Tillhörande frågeställningar löd ” Vilken betydelse har spelarens position gällande löpdistans, högintensiv löpning och sprintlöpning?” samt ”Finns det ett samband mellan löpvolym och vinst utav matchspel?”

    Metod: Studien är en strukturerad litteraturstudie med en systematisk sökning. Sökningen gav 261 träffar som skedde över två databaser. Elva artiklar inkluderades i studien. Några av de inklusionskriterier var bland annat manliga elitfotbollspelare samt att mätningarna i samtliga studier skulle skett med hjälp av GPS. Efter vidare analys och kvalitetsbedömning av artiklar så kunde tematisering av begreppen löpdistans, högintensiv löpning och sprintlöpning tillämpas. 

    Resultat: Sammanställning av artiklarna visade på att fotbollsspelare springer i genomsnitt mellan 9-10km under match beroende på position följt av cirka 500m högintensiva löpningar och 120m sprintlöpningar. Resultatet är väldigt positionsberoende.

    Slutsats: Att besitta en god löpkapacitet är en grundpelare för fotbollsspelare på elitnivå. Men det går inte att påvisa någon koppling mellan löpvolym och matchutfall.

     

     

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  • 13.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Wickman, Kim
    Umeå universitet.
    Fröding, Karin
    Specialpedagogiska skolmyndigheten.
    Appelgren, Alva
    Skolforskningsinstitutet.
    Improving The Learning Environment In Physical Education: A Systematic Review Focusing On Students Who Meet Difficulties In Social Interaction2021In: Quality partnerships in Adapted Physical Activity: Stronger Together! : Book of abstracts / [ed] Ng, Kwok, Rintala, Pauli, Kandzia, Aada, Lindeman, Anni, Jyväskylä, Finland: University of Jyväskylä , 2021, p. 53-53Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this systematic review, we present results of how teachers can create better conditions for students, with or without disabilities affecting social interaction, who meet challenges with social interactions. We aim to answer the research question: How can teaching physical education be designed so that students who experience difficulties with social interaction are provided with good conditions for participation, development, and learning? Quantitative and qualitative studies published between 2000 and 2019 were included in the search. Of 8079 studies, 11 studies fulfilled the Swedish Institute for Educational Research and the National Agency’s relevance and quality assessment checklist. The studies included interviews, observations, interventions, or surveys. The students were from first year in primary school up to last year in high school. The results were divided into three themes of importance for improving the learning environment in physical education 1) the importance of trusting relationships, 2) providing structure and support 3) creating a positive learning climate. The first theme describes the importance of relationships. Student experienced that teachers who acknowledge all students' experiences and were attentive to their opinions could strengthen the relationships. When the solidarity between students in the classroom was strong, students felt they were part of the group, which contributed to the learning environment. The second theme describes the importance of providing structure in the form of good and clear planning, explanations, and varied opportunities for students to perform a task. Students requested increased predictability of the lesson provided them with a feeling of control. The third theme emphasises the importance of increasing students’ self-efficacy e.g., students experiences of competence and their belief in their ability for a more stimulating learning environment. The results indicates that creating an atmosphere that is not too performance oriented is eligible. When physical education becomes a learning opportunity rather than a measurement, it contribute to increased participation. A specific teaching method, autonomy-supported teaching, was emphasized in some of the studies to have social-relational benefits. This type of teaching includes attentive listening, taking students’ perspective, creating opportunities to give feedback on teaching and providing enough time to complete different tasks. Ensuring a learning environment for all students in physical education, regardless of ability, experience, and knowledge, is not a responsibility for teachers alone, it concerns and involves all levels in the school organization. The management, principals, legal guardians, teachers, and students need to work together. 

  • 14.
    Johansson, Malin
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Ervasti, Per-Erik
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Blomqvist, Sven
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    An analysis of acceleration, deceleration and high-intensity skating during elite bandy match-play: A case study2021In: Sports, E-ISSN 2075-4663, Vol. 9, no 11, article id 152Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Profiles of physical workload in sports are useful to optimize performance and reduce the risk of injury. The aim of the study was to investigate physical workload in 10 elite bandy players by describing acceleration, deceleration, and high-intensity skating during bandy match-play. During 13 home matches, 10 male elite bandy players wore a GPS unit to measure changes in the total distance, total distance skating in two speed zones, and total distance of acceleration and deceleration. A within-subject design was used to measure changes over time during match-play by comparing first and second halves as well as comparisons for consecutive 15 min intervals. No significant differences were observed for high-intensity or very high-intensity acceleration and deceleration for comparisons by halves or for 15-min intervals. For comparisons by halves, a significant time-dependent effect was observed on very fast skating (1337.6 m vs. 1160.9 m), sprint skating (300.0 m vs. 272.0 m), low-intensity acceleration (342.7 m vs. 333.0 m), and total distance covered (10,916.9 m vs. 10,450.3 m). These variables, along with low-intensity deceleration, were also significant for the 15 min interval comparisons. The results show that there is no time-dependent reduction in high-intensity acceleration and deceleration in elite bandy match-play. However, elite bandy players do not maintain the distance of high-intensity skating throughout a whole match.

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  • 15.
    Johansson, Malin
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Hiswåls, Anne-Sofie
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Public Health Science.
    Svennberg, Lena
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Public Health Science.
    What do we know about corporate social responsibility and stakeholders physical activity? A public health perspective2022In: Journal of Public Health Research, ISSN 2279-9028, E-ISSN 2279-9036, Vol. 11, no 2, p. 1-9Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In the past decade and in the context of sustainable development, business organizations have been expected to partner with governments and others to address societal problems, including those pertinent to population health. Accordingly, through their corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies and policies, companies should collaborate in health promotion efforts to modify the effects of the health determinants (including those concerning behavior change) affecting internal and external stakeholders. Although CSR strategies and policies are linked to stakeholder health and wellbeing (e.g. employee satisfaction), little is known of how these strategies affect physical activity. Thus, this perspective paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the topic by investigating what scientific evidence exists regarding the relationship between CSR and physical activity. So far there are indications that some business are implementing CSR activities targeting internal (e.g. employees) and external (e.g. consumers) stakeholders, especially in developed countries. Furthermore, among external stakeholders, CSR activities with a physical activity component targeted children, youth, the disabled, the under-privileged, and the elderly. However, there is still very little empirical evidence available using appropriate quantitative and qualitative designs. Public health and health science researchers in general should strive to advance our understanding of how CSR affects population health behavior, paving the way to develop frameworks for resilient, ethical, and sustainable health promotion.

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  • 16.
    Larsson, Kent
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Matila, Hannes
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Träning hos elitishockeyspelare efter avslutad karriär: En kvalitativ studie med före detta Elitishockeyspelare2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Introduktion Träning hos ishockeyspelare på elitnivå är någonting som hör till vardagen för dom under sin karriär, träningsvolymen och belastningen kan vara väldigt hög och är upp mot 10–22 timmar per vecka. Vad händer med träningsvanor när karriären är slut, vad driver dom till att fortsätta hålla sig aktiva. Syftet med studien är att belysa hur före detta elitaktiva ishockeyspelare ser på sin träning utifrån motivation och målsättning efter karriären. Metoden är en kvalitativ metod. Sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med före detta elitishockeyspelare genomfördes antingen på plats eller via Whatsapp videosamtal. Innehållsanalys användes för att utföra dataanalys. Resultatet som studien har kommit fram till är fördelat efter tre olika teman som intervjuerna byggt på, dessa tre teman handlar om “träning, motivation och målsättning”. Utifrån dessa tre teman så är resultatet fördelat på underkategorierna “under karriären” och “efter karriären”. Slutsatsen är att träningen minskar markant efter en elitkarriär och att detta beror på nya hinder som uppstår efter omställningen till en vanlig vardag. De lämnar hockeybubblan och behöver kämpa med de skador som präglar dom eller de hinder som finns med att få in träningstiderna i den nuvarande vardagen. Målsättning och motivation till träningen efter karriären är endast hälsomässiga, vilket ingen av intervjupersonerna ser som en stor drivkraft. 

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  • 17.
    Lindholm, Frida
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Fischer, Henrik
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Implementering av hälsofrämjande arbete i ett publikt företag inom byggsektorn: En kvalitativ studie ur tjänstemäns perspektiv2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Arbetsplatsen erbjuder en arena och infrastruktur som gör det möjligt att nå ut till en stor grupp människor för att påverka medarbetarnas hälsa och fysiska kapacitet. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur ett publikt företag som är verksamt i byggsektorn implementerar ett hälsofrämjande arbete för tjänstemän. Sex kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med tjänstemän som innehar olika roller inom företaget genomfördes. Materialet analyserades genom en innehållsanalys. Resultatet visade att företaget arbetar aktivt med ett hälsofrämjande arbete. Studien kom fram till slutsatsen att ett hälsofrämjande arbete kan skapa produktivitet, minska kostnader samt att ge en bättre företags image. Det var även viktigt för företaget att medarbetarna mår bra och har en sund och hälsosam livsstil. I intervjuerna togs det upp att det finns mer att göra inom det hälsofrämjande området, men att företaget tar ett stort ansvar för sina medarbetare och investerar en hel del i sina medarbetares välmående.

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  • 18.
    Nordström, Martina
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Ingeroth, Emilia
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    " Det är ju för fan en skyldighet": En kvalitativ intervjustudie om tränares och ledares syn på Menstruationscykeln och periodiserad träning.2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

     The purpose of the study is to shed light on the perceptions of coaches/leaders of female athletes about the menstrual cycle (MC) and periodized training (PDT) in Swedish associations and clubs. Question 1: What perceived knowledge do trainers/leaders have about MC, PDT and the knowledge of the active? Question 2: How do coaches/leaders perceive the communication regarding MC and PDT with their athletes? Question 3: Are there any differences in the conditions for working based on MC and PDT?

     

    The chosen method for data collection was a qualitative interview conducted as a panel interview with a semi-structured interview guide. Six interviews were conducted with coaches of female athletes, which were the sample of the study. The coding was carried out in four steps and then presented in results.

     

    The results show that the respondents are predominantly willing to learn more about MC and PDT and how they can help their athletes towards more optimal training and performance. There is an opinion that it is more difficult to work with PDT in team sports, mainly based on the fact that the active can be in varied phases. The respondents show an attitude towards MC as something natural, and something that should be taboo, while at the same time they respect that the active may perceive it as private or difficult to talk about. The level of knowledge of the respondents about the various influencing factors during MC was varied. Knowledge of gynecological diseases and the female sports triad was relatively low among the respondents in the study. Differences in age, gender, resources for trainers and number of training opportunities are stated as influencing factors in working with periodized training.

     

    The conclusions of the study are that the attitude towards MC and PDT among the coaches in the study shows good conditions for them to be able to offer the athletes PTD based on MC through increased knowledge and resources. The educational material within coaching courses should be revised to provide knowledge about MC and the impact on training and performance.

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    Martina Nordström och Emilia Ingeroth
  • 19. Persson, Emil
    et al.
    Andersson, Marcus
    Blomqvist, Sven
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Differences in Physical Demands Among Offensive and Defensive Players in Elite Men Bandy2021In: Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, ISSN 0270-1367, E-ISSN 2168-3824, Vol. 92, no 4, p. 805-812Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This study examined the physiological sport-specific demands (total distance, mean velocity, effective game time, and time in five velocity zones) in elite bandy players of offensive and defensive playing positions. Method: Data were collected with 10 Hz GPS-units in the Swedish Elite League during the season 2015/16. Ten male elite bandy players were examined during 13 matches. Data were analyzed with Independent Samples Test and with descriptive statistics. Result: Analysis showed that defensive positions covered a significantly longer (p < .001) total distance (23.2 ± 2.4 km vs 21.1 ± 3.5 km) compared to the offensive positions. Significantly higher (p < .001) mean velocity was found in offensive positions (17.8 ± 1.0 km/h vs 15.5 ± 1.6 km/h) in relation to defensive positions. In variable effective game time analysis exposed significant differences (p < .001) between offensive positions and defensive positions (90.4 ± 3.5 min vs 71.3 ± 11.9 min). Furthermore, in easy and moderate skating defensive positions spent significantly (p < .001) more time and in fast, very fast, and sprint skating offensive positions spent significantly (p < .001) more time in relation to each other. The descriptive analysis of positions indicates that libero, defender, and half have the longest game time, half skate the longest distance, and forward have the highest mean velocity during the game. Conclusion: From a practical perspective, the result can provide coaches knowledge when planning the setup in training drills. Thus, the training sessions could be more specific to the playing position, which could maximize the player's physiological outcome in order to optimize performance.

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  • 20.
    Pettersson, Emma
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Ivarsson, Erica
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Hur har pandemin påverkat förskrivningen av Fysisk aktivitet på Recept2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    FaR står för fysisk aktivitet på recept och är framtaget för att främja fysisk aktivitet fördem som av någon anledning behöver hjälp med fysisk aktivitet isjukdomsförebyggande syfte eller för dem som har en sjukdom och behöver öka sinnivå av fysisk aktivitet. Tidigare forskning visar att FaR är ett mycket bra sätt för att blifysiskt aktiv. Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med studien är att undersöka hurCovid-pandemin har påverkat förskrivningar av FaR (Fysisk aktivitet på Recept) iSverige under perioden 2020 till 2022 Frågeställningarna är vilka hinder ochmöjligheter som fanns att förskriva FaR samt vilka erfarenheter som tas med framåt. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie genomfördes med tre fysioterapeuter, en läkare ochen person som arbetar på organisatorisk nivå. Resultat: Förskrivningar av FaRvarierade bland deltagarna. För de flesta deltagarna förskrevs några få eller inga alls,medan det hos andra var oförändrat. Personalbrist och tidsbrist var hinder förförskrivningen, då det är tidskrävande att förskriva och följa upp FaR samt attavdelningar gjorts om till Covid-avdelningar och att man arbeta de med de svårast sjukadär FaR inte är prioriterats. En möjlighet för förskrivningen var den ökadedigitaliseringen genom videomöten på grund av rekommendationer för distansering.Inför framtiden önskas en ny utformning av FaR och avlastning i form av FaR-lotsarsom kan ta hand om patienter som får FaR. Slutsats: FaR behöver utvecklas för att blimer användarvänligt och det behövs i form av tid, personal och pengar för att fortsattaarbeta för folkhälsan.

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  • 21.
    Portocarrero, Eduardo
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Olsson, Sandra
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Idrottens vägar till inkludering i föreningsmiljö.: En undersökning om NPF-anpassningar inom idrottsrörelsen.2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 180 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Forskning visar att barn och ungdomar med neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar,NPF, slutar att idrotta tidigare än barn och ungdomar utan NPF. Det finns också enproblematik där barn och ungdomar med NPF i högre grad är stillasittande. Samtidigtfinns det också en otydlighet kring vem (vilka instanser/organisationer) som bäransvaret för inkludering inom idrottsrörelsen. Studiens syfte var därför att undersökahur idrottsföreningar arbetar med barn och ungdomar med NPF, och hur möjligheternatill inkludering ser ut i idrottsföreningar. Studien använde sig av en kvalitativmetoddesign, där sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med befattningshavare i sju olikaidrottsföreningar analyserades genom en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatendiskuterades sedan med ett socialekologiskt perspektiv, där insamlade data visade påhur hälsofrämjande för personer med NPF kan påverkas på flera (socialekologiska)nivåer. Samarbetet mellan nivåerna visade sig vara av stor vikt för NPF-arbetet ochkunde medföra både hinder samt skapa resurser för NPF-hälsofrämjande. Majoriteten avföreningarna uppgav att de upplevde svårigheter att få det stöd som krävdes frånkommunen, samtidigt som alla föreningar hade en positiv upplevelse av samarbetet medRF-SISU. Därutöver uttryckte också majoriteten av föreningarna att det fanns ett behovav extra resursstöd för barn och ungdomar med NPF, vilket få av föreningarna hadeekonomiska förutsättningar att införa. Föreningarna var ofta beroende av ideellaeldsjälar och föräldrar som hjälpte till. Generellt fanns det en god förståelse hosrespondenterna i vad NPF innebär, där ”alla ska få vara med” i någon form uttrycktes avsamtliga respondenter. I majoriteten av föreningarna fanns det dock ingen handlingsplanför inkludering av personer med NPF

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  • 22.
    Qvarfordt, Anna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan.
    A forensic approach to anti-doping: Recension av boken Detecting doping in sport av Stephen Moston och Terry Engelberg2018In: Idrottsforum.org/Nordic sport science forum, ISSN 1652-7224, Vol. 22 novemberArticle, book review (Other academic)
  • 23.
    Qvarfordt, Anna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Anti-doping – a legitimate effort?: Elite athletes' perspectives on policy and practice2019Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The global anti-doping enterprise in sport is a comprehensive system in which the athlete is at the centre of regulation, scrutiny and control. There is limited knowledge about the implications of this extensive control system for athletes and about how athletes perceive the system; little is known about possible consequences of these implications and perceptions for the legitimacy of the system. The overall aim of this thesis is to analyse the legitimacy of global anti-doping policy and practice from the perspectives of international elite athletes.

    Four articles are included in this compilation thesis. The first illustrates, based on a discourse analytical approach, how claims for legitimacy of the anti-doping system are produced in policy documents aimed at athletes. The second explores the perceptions and legitimacy of anti-doping policy and practice through a survey aimed at elite athletes in different sports and from different regions of the world. The third article examines, through an interview study, how athletes in different contexts experience the practice of anti-doping and what consequences this may have for the system's legitimacy. The interview study was also the basis for the fourth article, focusing on the athletes' experiences and perceptions of their opportunities for compliance and how this is related to their view of the system's legitimacy. Using the four articles as a basis, the analysis of legitimacy within the anti-doping system is expanded in the thesis through an overarching analytical framework inspired by David Beetham.

    The results show that the legitimacy of the policy documents is based on essentially authoritative, but also rational, arguments for justifying the anti-doping enterprise. Elite athletes are generally in favour of anti-doping policy and the principle that doping should be prohibited. However, when the rules are implemented into practice, problems to do with lack of procedural justice arise which may have an impact on the system's legitimacy. Procedures in the system are perceived as having a negative effect on sportspersons' private life, and as ineffective and unequally implemented across the world; also, athletes have little influence over decision-making processes. Anti-doping practice is moreover perceived to cause structural inequalities due to inequality in access to technology, education and knowledge as well as supportive systems. Most athletes wish to comply with the rules, but many struggle with lack of control and have limited scope for taking responsibility regarding compliance with the doping rules. Even when athletes are dutiful and perform acts that confer legitimacy to the rules and the authorities, some experiences and perceptions could endanger the legitimacy of antidoping, as seen in the overall legitimacy analysis of the thesis. Athletes' perceptions of inequality, ineffectiveness and lack of leeway can be interpreted as a lack of rule conformity to the anti-doping authority. There also appears to be a lack of shared normative beliefs between sportspersons and the anti-doping authorities, as many athletes feel that their opinions are not taken into account. Decision-making processes that do not pay attention to the perceptions of those involved can result in a discrepancy between the rules and the norms.

    The international anti-doping system is a major international enterprise with comprehensive rules that need to be applied equally around the world, and that also need to be legitimated in different countries where athletes have different conditions to comply with the regulations. In this thesis, I have shown that these different conditions have consequences for the ability to comply with the rules and also for the application of the regulations. The far-reaching rules mean that procedures within the system are experienced as causing a number of negative consequences. I have shown that this poses a risk to the legitimacy of the system if these problems are not addressed.

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  • 24.
    Qvarfordt, Anna
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan.
    Ahmadi, Nader
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Criminology, Social Work.
    Bäckström, Åsa
    Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm.
    Hoff, David
    Lund universitet.
    Limitations and duties: elite athletes’ perceptions of compliance with anti-doping rules2021In: Sport in Society: Cultures, Media, Politics, Commerce, ISSN 1743-0437, E-ISSN 1743-0445, Vol. 24, no 4, p. 551-570Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The main purpose of this article is to examine how elite athletes perceive their own responsibilities and possibilities to be compliant with the anti-doping regulations, and to draw conclusions about what these perceptions mean in relation to the legitimacy of the anti-doping system. A qualitative research design, with interviews conducted with athletes globally, was employed to capture elite sportspersons’ views on anti-doping policy and procedures. The analysis was based on a theoretical framework on legitimacy. The findings show that athletes’ situation is characterized by limited information and a lack of leeway. At the same time, athletes find themselves obliged to be dutiful. We discuss the complex situation of simultaneously facing perceived limitations and duties, and consider the limits that athletes experience in relation to compliance, which may place the legitimacy of the anti-doping system at risk.

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  • 25.
    Qvarfordt, Anna
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan.
    Hoff, David
    Socialhögskolan, Lunds universitet.
    Idrottens antidopingarbete - självreglering och legitimitet2019In: Sport Management Del 2:  Styrning och samhällsengagemang inom svensk idrott / [ed] Bäckström, Åsa, Book, Karin, Carlsson, Bo & Fahlström, P. G., Stockholm: SISU Idrottsböcker , 2019, p. 272-Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 26.
    Qvarfordt, Anna
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science. Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Forskningsgruppen för pedagogisk idrottsforskning.
    Hoff, David
    Lunds universitet.
    Bäckström, Åsa
    Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap.
    Ahmadi, Nader
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Criminology, Social Work.
    From fighting the bad to protecting the good: legitimation discourses in WADA’s athlete guides2019In: Performance Enhancement & Health, E-ISSN 2211-2669, Vol. 7, no 1-2, article id 100147Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The global anti-doping effort in sport is based upon perceptions of the system as desirable, proper and appropriate and thus considered legitimate. The legitimacy of the anti-doping system has earlier been studied bottom-up, based on the views of athletes. In order to gain greater understanding of legitimation processes, it is also important to study legitimation strategies top-down, used by decision-making and governing bodies. The aim of this study was to use Fairclough's critical discourse analytical approach to analyse the social construction of legitimacy in the World Anti-Doping Agency's three editions of a guide to anti-doping rules aimed at athletes. The analysis was performed based on van Leeuwen's four specific legitimation strategies: authorization, rationalization, moral evaluation and mythopoesis. Our analysis shows that the legitimation of the anti-doping discourse as constructed in the athlete guides that has accompanied anti-doping regulations for more than a decade is characterized by continuity as regards an authoritarian attitude, but also by change towards a more rational and athlete-centred stance. A shift can be seen in the construction of legitimacy in the anti-doping discourse from “fighting the bad” to “protecting the good”. We discuss the moral evaluation strategy as a way to construct legitimacy for anti-doping efforts and sport in general towards a wider public. In the light of the results of this study, we conclude that policymaking in relation to doping issues should take into account the dimension of the discursive top-down legitimation, which could affect how the policy is received at the level of the athletes and provide conditions for a sustainable anti-doping system. 

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    Qvarfordt et al. 2019
  • 27.
    Sakuth, Matilda
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Taipale Blombäck, Hanna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    "Killarna mot tjejerna": En intervjustudie om grundskoleelevers uppfattningar om jämställdhet på idrottslektionerna2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Bakgrund: I Sverige finns styrdokumentet läroplanen som föreskriver att under­vis­ningen i skolan ska präglas av jämställdhet och att skolan ska arbeta för att motverka traditionella könsmönster. Trots det visar forskning att idrottslärares uppfattningar om jämställdhet tenderar att grunda sig i ett ideal där manligt är överordnat kvinnligt och en maskulin norm uppmuntras på lektionerna i ämnet idrott och hälsa.

    Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva hur grundskoleelever på en skola i norra Sverige upplever jämställdhet i idrottsundervisningen och hur de uppfattar att idrottsläraren arbetar med jäm­ställdhet i skolämnet idrott och hälsa.

    Metod: För att besvara studiens syfte deltog nio respondenter (sex flickor och tre pojkar) mellan 14–16 år i semistrukturerade intervjuer. En tematisk innehållsanalys användes för att beskriva och dra slutsatser kring respondenternas upplevelser.

    Resultat: Studiens resultat visade att eleverna anser att idrottsundervisningen är jäm­ställd och att de inte uppfattar att läraren gör skillnader på eleverna baserat på deras könstillhörighet. Trots det kunde flera aspekter som pekar på att idrottsundervisningen inte är jämställd urskiljas. Dessa inkluderade en maskulinitetsnorm där manligt kodade idrotter värderades högre än kvinnligt kodade idrotter och en norm där pojkarna tog mer plats än flickorna. Det förekom dessutom könsrelaterade gruppindelningar. Att lärarna inte lyckas bryta situationer där pojkarna tar plats på bekostnad av flickorna tror elev­erna beror på att lärarna inte ser eller hinner.

    Slutsats: För att arbeta enligt läroplanens föreskrifter behöver idrottslärarna ifrågasätta normer som i samhället anses vara självklara. Om läroplanens jämställdhetsföreskrifter ska kunna realiseras behöver fokus flyttas från tillfälliga lösningar, så som könsrela­terade gruppindelningar, till att ta itu med strukturen och utmana könsrelaterade normer. Därför kan idrottslärarna behöva jämställdhetsinriktad utbildning för att utveckla sin förmåga att upptäcka och ifrågasätta traditionella könsmönster, samt hjälp att imple­mentera normkritisk pedagogik i undervisningen.

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  • 28.
    Shojaeddin, Hossein
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Pacha, Kevin
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Extern belastning hos elitfotbollsspelare – en litteraturöversikt på kvinnliga spelare.: En studie om total distans i olika hastigheter, acceleration, deceleration samt topphastighet under matchspel inom kvinnlig elitfotboll.2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Den kvinnliga fotbollen har aldrig varit lika populär som den är idag och den fortsättergöra framsteg och lockar mer publik, samtidigt som flera tjejer/kvinnor börjar utövasporten. Tidigare forskning är begränsad gällande kvinnliga elitfotbollsspelare, merforskning inom kvinnlig fotboll och dess externa belastning kan hjälpa den kvinnligafotbollens utveckling. Kraven som ställs skiljer sig efter den position spelaren har, denexterna belastningen är en viktig del inom fotbollen. Fotbollen ställer krav på löpningari olika riktningar och i olika hastigheter, inbromsningar samt acceleration. Varjeposition tillämpar olika egenskaper. Syftet var att sammanställa kunskapen gällande denexterna belastningen hos kvinnliga elitfotbollsspelare. En systematisk deskriptivlitteraturöversikt med en systematisk sökning har använts för att besvara studiens syfte.Sökningen gjordes i databaserna Discovery och Pubmed och resulterade i 10vetenskapliga artiklar. En kvalitetsanalys utfördes på artiklarna, med hjälp av SBUmallar bedömdes 10 artiklar med poäng, av dessa 10 fick 4 artiklar 4 poäng, 1 fick 5poäng, 4 fick 6 poäng och 1 fick 7 poäng. Resultatet delades in i 3 teman: total distans iolika hastigheter, acceleration och deceleration samt topphastighet. De förstnämnda ochsistnämnda innebar att det skiljde sig beroende på position medan acceleration ochdeceleration syftade på hur många gånger det sker under en match men även om vilkazoner det sker i. Det ställs olika krav på spelarna beroende på position. De sekvensersom sker under en fotbollsmatch påverkas utifrån den position som spelaren har.Resultatet visade att kvinnliga elitfotbollsspelare har en totaldistans mellan 10–12 kmper match, utför mellan 400–1000 accelerationer och decelerationer och har engenomsnittlig topphastighet på ca 26 km/h. Sammanfattningsvis visar studien att denexterna belastningen som ställs på kvinnliga elitfotbollsspelare handlar om vilkenposition spelaren har. Resultatet ger även möjligheten för tränare att förbereda spelarnabättre inför match genom att anpassa träningsupplägget

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  • 29.
    Svedsäter, Göran
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Svennberg, Lena
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Westfelt, Lars
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Criminology, Criminology.
    Qvarfordt, Anna
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Lilja, My
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Criminology, Criminology. Malmö universitet.
    Performance and image enhancing substance use among young people in Sweden2021In: Performance Enhancement & Health, E-ISSN 2211-2669, Vol. 9, no 2, article id 100194Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of performance- and image-enhancing substances (PIES) use, and factors related to this, among a representative sample of the general Swedish population aged 16–25. We used a quantitative cross-sectional self-report design to examine prevalence and possible relationships between PIES use and socio-demographics, physical activity, attitudes towards muscle building and doping, friends’ use, body image, and body modification. Approximately 12% of the respondents reported that they used or had used PIES. A logistic regression analysis pointed out the importance of the social context – friends who used PIES, how body image affected social life, and how others viewed one's body – as more important factors for using PIES than attitudes towards muscle building and doping. Taken together, these results indicate a need to pay attention to the use of PIES among young people as a potential public health problem.

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    fulltext
  • 30.
    Urbom, Mikaela
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Leander, Emmy
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    "Det finns ingen som säger att Zlatan ska sluta bara för att han är pappa": En kvalitativ intervjustudie om vad elitidrottande mödrar i Sverige upplever möjliggör respektive försvårar kombinerat moderskap och elitidrottande2023Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Historiskt sett har moderskap och elitidrott ansetts oförenligt men på senare år har det blivit allt vanligare att kvinnor fortsätter elitidrotta efter barnafödande. Tidigare forskning utanför Sverige visar att det finns faktorer som både kan möjliggöra respektive försvåra för kombinerat moderskap och elitidrott. Syfte och frågeställningar: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa vad elitidrottande mödrar i Sverige upplever möjliggör respektive försvårar kombinerat moderskap och elitidrottande. Hur upplever kvinnorna attityder och normer kring att vara mor och elitidrottare? Vilken betydelse beskriver kvinnorna att det sociala stödet från omgivningen har för möjligheten att kombinera moderskap och elitidrott? Vilka ekonomiska och organisatoriska faktorer upplever kvinnorna möjliggör och/eller försvårar deras elitidrottssatsning? Metod: Studien var kvalitativ och semistrukturerade intervjuer via Zoom genomfördes. Ett ändamålsenligt urval tillämpades och målgruppen var elitidrottande mödrar i Sverige. Sju deltagare från sex olika idrotter deltog i studien. Insamlade data analyserades med latent kvalitativ innehållsanalys med liberal feministisk teori som teoretisk ram. Resultat: Resultatet delades in i två övergripande teman 1) Sociokulturella villkor och 2) Idrottsliga villkor. Resultatet belyste hur olika sociokulturella och idrottsliga villkor både kan möjliggöra och försvåra moderskap och elitidrott. Slutsats: Deltagarna identifierade behovet av specifikt anpassade träningsupplägg för elitidrottande mödrar, entydiga riktlinjer gällande ekonomisk ersättning i samband med graviditet samt organiserad hjälp med barnpassning i samband med träning och tävling. Detta för att förse kvinnor med samma möjligheter som män att kombinera föräldraskap och elitidrott vilket kan ses som viktigt för att stärka den kvinnliga idrottens utveckling och status i samhället. 

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    Examensarbete Mikaela Urbom & Emmy Leander
  • 31.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa (Creator)
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Beteendeförändrande tekniker för att öka fysisk aktivitet vid fysisk funktionsnedsättning2020Other (Other academic)
  • 32.
    Appelgren, Alva (Project director)
    Skolforskningsinstitutet.
    Fröding, Karin (Contributor)
    Specialpedagogiska skolmyndigheten.
    Fredriksson, Karolina (Contributor)
    Skolforskningsinstitutet.
    Nakano Hylander, Aiko (Contributor)
    Skolforskningsinstitutet.
    Bergman, Maria (Contributor)
    Skolforskningsinstitutet.
    Jerlinder, Kajsa (Contributor)
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Sports Science.
    Wickman, Kim (Contributor)
    Umeå universitet.
    Hedman, Anna (Editor)
    [Systematisk översikt] En tillgänglig lärmiljö för alla i ämnet idrott och hälsa – med fokus på socialt samspel2020Other (Other academic)
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