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  • 251.
    Ahlström, Michael
    University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences.
    Ateism: en studie av idé och debatt2007Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Frågeställningen i detta arbete består av huruvida det föreligger en idéförskjutning inom ateismen med utgångspunkt från den kristendomskritik som främst anfördes av Ingemar Hedenius i mitten av 1900-talet. Med idéförskjutning hänvisar jag till en tydlig stark ateism ur ett kunskapsteoretiskt perspektiv. En sådan idéförskjutning skulle kunna vara att någon ny argumentation framkommit som ökar eller minskar sannolikheten för Guds existens, eller att man kommit fram till ny definition av ”säker kunskap”, som ur ett naturvetenskapligt perspektiv skulle kunna förändra begreppets betydelse. Jag har inom ramen för uppsatsen studerat några ledande aktuella debattörer genom litteraturstudier och belyst pågående debatt för att finna kärnan i deras argumentation. De ateistiska ståndpunkterna och argumentation som belyses kommer främst från Ingemar Hedenius, Christer Sturmark, Richard Dawkins, Michel Onfray och Sam Harris. Dessa författare bidrar med unikt fokus i sin argumentation, men stöder sig mot samma grundläggande syn på sann och säker kunskap. Jag har funnit att en idéförskjutning ej föreligger. Däremot har begreppets praktiska betydelse vidgats. På samma sätt som formen för det personliga andliga utövandet förändrats har även begreppets språkliga innebörd generaliserats i syfte att kunna argumentera för ateism i en värld där religionens inflytande på nytt ökar.

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  • 252.
    Ahlström, Michael
    University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences.
    Svensk Fritänkarrörelse: idé och debatt under sent 1800-tal2007Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Fritänkarrörelsen, som den gestaltade sig under 1800-talets två sista decennier, är i den mån man kan tala om den som en egen rörelse relativt outforskad som sin egen helhet. Förutom några få undantag finns i första hand biografier över några av de ledande personerna inom fritänkarrörelsen, framför allt om de personer som var delaktiga i skapandet av de många stora folkrörelser som såg dagens ljus under denna tid. Folkrörelserna och ideologierna har i sina historieskildringar tagit med fritänkarna som en del av sitt ursprung. Det som kan saknas är en översiktlig genomgång av de gemensamma tankar och idéer som var centrala för dem som kallade sig själva fritänkare. Även om denna uppsats i sig inte i första hand är ett begreppsanalytiskt arbete så består en del av undersökningen av ett utredande av begrepp, översiktlig beskrivning av de olika grupperna inom fritänkeriet och dess idéinnehåll samt presentation av några av de mest tongivande agitatorerna. Många av dessa agitatorer blev aktivt motarbetade av samhället och åtalen för hädelse mot såväl kyrkan som staten var vanligt förekommande. Det hörde inte till ovanligheten att åtalen resulterade i fängelsestraff för dessa tankefrihetens förkämpar. Vad var då fritänkarnas farliga budskap och idéer som skulle komma att påverka historiens gång?

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  • 253.
    Ahlström, Sandra
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Culture Studies, Religious Studies and Educational Sciences.
    Blomdahl, Nina
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Culture Studies, Religious Studies and Educational Sciences.
    Medskapare till barns lek: En studie över förskollärares tankar och den pedagogiska miljön.2013Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Examensarbetet handlar om att synliggöra barns lek och lärande, målet med studien är att visa förskollärares perspektiv på lek, lärande och miljö. Utgångspunkten har tagits i Pramling Samuelssons och Vygotskijs teorier. Undersökningen som ligger till grund för resultatet och analysen är en enkätstudie med kompletterande frågor i vilka respondenterna får möjligheter att fritt utveckla sina tankegångar. Studien är genomförd utifrån utbildade förskollärare, i olika orter och på olika förskolor med varierade förutsättningar, det gör att vi får en bred och generell överblick. Resultatet visar att förskollärarna är väl insatta i frågorna som berör lek, lärande och miljö, respondenternas svar ger i det stora hela en bra inblick. Deras synsätt och inställning redogörs i de skrivna svaren och framställs likartade gentemot varandra. I frågan om barns lek och lärande bekräftar litteraturen förskollärarnas kunnande, de tar upp det faktum att barn lär sig genom att leka och interagera med omgivningen. De kompetenser barnen utvecklar i förskolans verksamhet kan vara sociala färdigheter och förmågan att visa empati. I svaren nämns även samarbete, demokrati, självförtroende, språkutveckling och problemlösning som viktigt. Förskollärarna vill i sin roll stärka, stödja och uppmuntra barnen så de utvecklar en positiv självbild och blir trygga barn. Som de anser vara en förutsättning för lek och lärande. Slutsatsen är att förskollärarna delar det synsätt som forskningen hävdar, att barn lär sig i interaktionen med andra individer.

     

    Miljön är en viktig påverkan för hur verksamheten fungerar och för att barnen ska få bästa möjligheterna till att leka och att lära sig. Slutsatsen angående miljöfrågorna visar att förskollärarna anpassar innemiljön efter barngruppens behov, något som är en ständigt pågående process. Majoriteten av förskollärarna anser att deras inomhusmiljö främjar barnens lek och inlärning. Angående utomhusmiljön så visar det sig att förbättringar behövs för att främja lek och inlärning. Förskollärarnas svar och uppfattningar angående miljön bekräftas av litteraturen. Det framgår att majoriteten av förskollärarna arbetar aktivt efter läroplanens riktlinjer och innehåll. Vi ser tydligt förskollärarnas kunskaper utifrån ett läroplansperspektiv inom miljö, socialt samspel, demokrati och sin egen roll i barnens utveckling, lek och lärande.

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  • 254.
    Ahlström, Sofia
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies.
    Wangsell, Niklas
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies.
    The impact of club card on store loyalty: An empirical study of a Swedish grocery retailer2014Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to investigate whether club card loyalty have an impact on customers store loyalty. A secondary purpose is to distinguish which attributes of a loyalty card that ICA’s customers prefer, with the focus on the variables; direct- versus indirect rewards, monetary- versus nonmonetary rewards, necessary- versus luxury rewards and immediate- versus delayed rewards.

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    Sofia&Niklas
  • 255. Ahlström Söderling, Ragnar
    et al.
    Brunåker, Svante
    University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, Ämnesavdelningen för företagsekonomi.
    Lindhult, Erik
    McCluskey, Denise
    Do something different!: Entrepreneurship courses in management education2005In: Trading Wor(l)ds: rapport från RENT en forskningskonferens, Gävle: Högskolan i Gävle , 2005, p. 10-29Conference paper (Other academic)
  • 256.
    Ahlund, Viktor
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building, Energy and Environmental Engineering.
    Energikartläggning av förskolan Smultronstället2015Independent thesis Basic level (university diploma), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    This report is an energy audit with recommended energy efficient solutions recommended made on a preschool in north Gävle. This preschool is administrated by Gavlefastigheter. In Sweden almost 40 % of Sweden’s energy supply goes to the housing and service sector. This means there is a lot of potential to save energy in this field. A good way to start saving energy in a building is to do an energy audit.This energy audit is made from blueprints of the building, real measurements, standard values, assumptions, and literature.The school has a calculated energy use of 1239 MWh per year; this is divided on ventilation, transmission losses and hot tap water. A calculation with energy efficient solutions makes a total of 612 MWh or 49, 4 % in saved energy. The energy efficient savings calculated are new windows, additional insulation and changed ventilation. To only change the ventilation made for an energy saving of 522 MWh which is 42, 1 % from the total energy use in the building. To change the ventilation to an FTX-system is the recommended change to be made.

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  • 257.
    Ahlvin, Dan
    University of Gävle, Department of Humanities and Social Sciences.
    Individuation med olika mål?: en jämförande studie över C. G. Jungs och M. Bubers syn på människans relation till det transcendenta2006Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    Mitt syfte med detta arbete är att försöka belysa den svårighet som både Jung och Buber såg för människan att finna helhet och äkthet i livet. Denna fråga är för mig högst aktuell i det samhälle jag lever i idag. Genom en uppdelning av tiden och rollerna har helheten gått förlorad vilket hotar att splittra människan. Risken är att hon alieneras till sig själv och andra människor. Denna alienering visas genom meningsförlust och en relativiserande hållning. Med Jungs respektive Bubers tankar vill jag jämföra deras slutsatser och därefter finna svar på det transcendentas (det heligas) roll för människans helhet och möjlighet att vara människa.

    Frågor som jag vill försöka besvara:

    - Skiljer sig Jungs Själv och Bubers eviga Du från varandra?

    - Vad blir den praktiska skillnaden ifråga om individuationen?

    - Hur relaterar femtiotalets konflikt dem emellan till de föregående frågorna?

    - Vad kan vi idag lära oss av denna konflikt?

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    FULLTEXT01
  • 258.
    Ahlén, Emelie
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Culture Studies, Religious Studies and Educational Sciences.
    Kön, sexualitet, etnicitet och socioekonomisk bakgrund: Om intersektionalitet i gymnasiets religionsläroböcker2014Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I uppsatsen kopplas styrdokumentens uppmaning om undervisning kring intersektionalitet med det innehåll som finns i religionskunskapsläroböcker för gymnasiet som publicerats efter gymnasiereformen 2011. Syftet var att studera om läroböckerna tar upp intersektionalitet uttalat eller indirekt och/eller om de olika kategorierna kön, sexualitet, socioekonomisk bakgrund och etnicitet behandlas var för sig samt i vilka sammanhang det i sådana fall sker. Tre frågeställningar formulerades. Den första handlade om hur gymnasiets religionsläroböcker med utgivning från och med 2011 beskriver förhållandet mellan världsreligionerna och kategorierna kön, sexualitet, socioekonomisk bakgrund och etnicitet. Den andra frågan handlade om i vilka andra sammanhang (kapitel) de olika kategorierna beskrivs i läroböckerna. Den tredje frågan gällde vad som tas upp om själva begreppet samt fenomenet intersektionalitet i dessa religionsläroböcker.

    En genomgång av forskning kring intersektionalitet ledde fram till en definition av begreppet, d.v.s. att kategorier som kön, sexualitet, socioekonomisk bakgrund och etnicitet intra-agerar med varandra och är föränderliga. Kategorierna kopplas också till en maktordning där vissa grupper ses som överordnade och andra underordnade. Den metod som användes vid granskningen var en kvalitativ textanalys utifrån fyra slumpmässigt utvalda läroböcker från fyra olika förlag.

    Resultatet visade att begreppet intersektionalitet enbart nämns i en av böckerna och att fenomenet intersektionalitet förekommer sparsamt och främst i samband med identitet. I förhållande till världsreligionerna samt etik och moral behandlas de olika kategorierna framför allt var för sig. Kategorin kön utvecklas mest, medan etnicitet och socioekonomisk bakgrund nämns tämligen lite. I böckerna framträder en manlig och heterosexuell norm, men författarna betonar att traditionella mönster ändras allt mer, vilket visar att kategorierna är föränderliga. Studien har visat att styrdokumentens definition av intersektionalitet är smalare än den som anförs i tidigare forskning, vilket kan vara en förklaring till att läroböckerna inte använder sig av ett mer uttalat intersektionellt perspektiv.

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  • 259.
    Ahlén Hansson, Yvonne
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies.
    Den missbrukande/beroende patientens upplevelse av omvårdnadspersonalens bemötande inom vården2010Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The objective of this study was to gain insight into how patients with addiction or dependency problems feel that nursing staff behave towards them. The concepts of addiction and dependency cover all forms of addiction to and dependency on narcotics, alcohol and pharmaceuticals. The essay is a descriptive empirical study based on 10 interviews with people addicted to or dependent on drugs. The selection criteria has been 5 men and 5 women aged between 25 and 60 who have been treated at least 5 times at substance abuse inpatient units. The interviews have been analyzed based on the method qualitative content analysis and resulted in two main categories: Kind treatment and Not so kind treatment. The results showed that those people interviewed had both positive and negative experience of how nursing staff behaved towards them. The conclusion, however, is that negative, prejudiced behaviour was predominating. Those people interviewed also felt that there was a large lack of knowledge about the problems of substance abuse and dependency within healthcare and that the younger, recently qualified nursing staff behaved more badly towards them and were more prejudiced than the older and more experienced nursing staff.

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  • 260.
    Ahmad, Afaq
    et al.
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila, Rawalpindi 46600, Pakistan.
    Bahrami, Alireza
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Energy Systems and Building Technology.
    Alajarmeh, Omar
    Centre for Future Materials (CFM), School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia.
    Chairman, Nida
    Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Westminster, London W1B 2HW, UK.
    Yaqub, Muhammad
    Department of Civil Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila 47080, Pakistan.
    Investigation of Circular Hollow Concrete Columns Reinforced with GFRP Bars and Spirals2023In: Buildings, E-ISSN 2075-5309, Vol. 13, no 4, article id 1056Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcements are useful alternatives to traditional steel bars in concrete structures, particularly in vertical structural elements such as columns, as they are less prone to corrosion, and impart increasing strength and endurance of buildings. There is limited research on the finite element analysis (FEA) of the structural behavior of hollow glass fiber-reinforced polymer reinforced concrete (GFRPRC) columns. The hollow portion can be used for the service duct and for reducing the self-weight of the members. Numerical analysis of the compressive response of circular hollow concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals is performed in this study. This article aims to investigate the axial behavior of hollow GFRP concrete columns and compare it with that of solid steel reinforced concrete (RC) columns as well as hollow steel RC columns. The Abaqus software is used to construct finite element models. After calibration of modeling using an experimental test result as a control model, a parametric study is conducted. The columns with the same geometry, loading, and boundary conditions are analyzed in the parametric study. It is resulted that the hollow GFRP concrete columns provide a greater confinement effect than the solid steel RC columns. The average variation in the ultimate axial load-carrying capacities of the experimental results, from that of the FEA values, is noted to be only 3.87%, while the average difference in the corresponding deformations is 7.08%. Moreover, the hollow GFRP concrete columns possess greater axial load and deformation capacities compared with the solid steel RC columns.

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  • 261.
    AHMAD, FAHEEM
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Electronics, Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    KAKKERLA, PRAMOD
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Electronics, Mathematics and Natural Sciences.
    FOCUSING OF UWB RADAR SIGNALS USING TIME REVERSAL2013Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 80 credits / 120 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Focusing techniques and detection of targets is usually associated to defense and military use. However in recent past things have moved ahead. Now target detection using UWB radars is being done in many industries and corporations. Radarbolaget AB is one of them; one of their projects uses UWB radars to detect steel strips inside a furnace. This research solves a potential problem of detecting middle steel strip out of total three strip edges which can be seen by radar placed on the front. For better understanding of the reader, existing system and introductory UWB radar principles are discussed. As there can be many solutions to focusing of targets here (steel strip edge detection). Available focusing techniques have been discussed in detail along with the possible physical and simulation setups. Later in the document, detection methods have been proposed. UWB time reversed signal detection is a fairly new method and a very limited research has been done so far. PRBS sequence has been focused on in detection mechanism. Results section show that the pulse of the PRBS works better and produces more promising results rather than a repetitive signal. Time reversal methods for locating the target have been used to find the approximate location of the target. Manual distance calculations from target to the transmitter and receiver have been done. Comparison of actual distance from target to the transmitter is compared with simulation results. Different model simulation setups and their results have proved that using UWB Time reversed signals; a still or moving target can be detected with centimeter window precision.

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    Authors: Faheem Ahmad, Pramod Kakkerla, Focusing of UWB Radar Signals Using Time Reversal
  • 262.
    Ahmad, Iman
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Culture Studies, Religious Studies and Educational Sciences.
    Bildaktiviteter i förskolan som en metod för hållbar utveckling2013Independent thesis Advanced level (professional degree), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
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  • 263.
    Ahmad, Naveed
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies.
    Guerrero, eduardo
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies.
    Influence of Social Media on Brand Awareness: A Study on Small Businesses2020Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Title: Influence of Social Media on Brand Awareness: A Study on Small Businesses

    Authors: Eduardo Guerrero, Naveed Ahmad

    Supervisor: Maria Fregidou-MalamaExaminer: Daniella Fjellström

    Date: 2020 – January

    Aim: The aim of this research study is to find the influence of social media marketing in smallbusinesses to create or increase brand awareness. Additionally, this study will analyze the rolethat social media platforms have in the relationship between customers and companies after theyare aware of the brand.

    Methodology: A qualitative method is used in this research study based on the hermeneuticresearch tradition, in the form of semi-structured interviews from ten owners from smallbusinesses globally. We use an inductive approach in order to reach its intended goal. A thematicanalysis is included to find important themes within the interviews.

    Result & Conclusions: Through interviews with the owners and partners of small businesses,and going over previously written literature on the matter, the authors of this study have come tothe conclusion that social media marketing highly influences small businesses in a positive wayin creating brand awareness. Additionally, there is a better understanding of how social mediahelps build a strong and good relationship between a business and customers.

    Suggestions for Future Research: There is an interest for further studies by covering more smallbusiness. It will provide a higher contribution to the research if the customers were included inthe interviews or given surveys to complete. More authors should be interested in the continuanceof research for businesses that are small, either product or service organizations, and even therelationship they have not only between B2C but B2B as well, and lastly if a partnership affectsthe decision when it comes to investment for advertisement.

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  • 264.
    Ahmad, Sanaa
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Educational sciences.
    Förskollärares uppfattningar om och arbete med högläsning2024Independent thesis Basic level (professional degree), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [sv]

    I förskolemiljön utgör högläsning ett pedagogiskt verktyg som förskollärare kan tillämpa för att främja barns språkutveckling och understödja sociokulturellt lärande. Enligt läroplanen för förskolan bör högläsning vara en del av förskolans vardag, men det exakta utförandet överlåts till förskollärarens egna pedagogiska bedömningar. Detta resulterar i att förskollärares syn på högläsningens betydelse och metodik varierar. Syftet med studien är att utforska förskollärares uppfattningar och metoder för att pedagogiskt implementera högläsning.

     

    Högläsningen som pedagogiskt verktyg innebär introduktion av text för barn, utveckling av deras ordförråd och stimulans av både språkutveckling och framtida läslust. Ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv baserat på Vygotskijs teorier, framgår det att högläsningen inte är optimalt effektivt som pedagogiskt verktyg om den inte kombineras med andra aktiviteter som stimulerar inlärning.

     

    Metoden som används för denna studie är kvalitativ. Detta används för att besvara studiens frågeställningar vilket empiriskt undersöks genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tre förskollärare i en kommun i Stockholms län. Fokus ligger på förskollärarnas uppfattningar vad det gäller högläsning som ett pedagogiskt verktyg. Det empiriska materialet som samlats in analyseras genom tematisk analys. Detta för att finna slutsatser som besvarar frågeställningarna.

     

    Studiens resultat och analys pekar på att förskollärare integrerar högläsning med andra aktiviteter såsom dramatiseringar eller diskussioner/öppna frågor. Detta resultat stämmer väl överens med studiens teoretiska ram. I studien konstaterar även att förskollärare generellt har en positiv, men tidspressad och undervärderad, syn på högläsning jämfört med flera andra aktiviteter. Slutligen visar studien att en återkommande utmaning för förskollärare är att hantera barns varierande läslust, intressen, engagemang och potential för lärande vid val av läsmaterial.

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  • 265.
    Ahmad, Sohail
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies.
    Batkhuu, Bolortuya
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies.
    Reverse Knowledge Transfer: From Emerging Markets to Developed Markets2021Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (One Year)), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose: This study aims to investigate the process of RKT from EM subsidiaries to DM MNCs along with the factors that influence this process.

    Method: Following qualitative research with inductive approach, the data was collected through semi-structured interviews from 10 senior managers of MNCs in various fields, including Information Technology, Project Management, Engineering, Logistics and Telecommunication. Grounded theory was used to analyze the empirical findings.

    Findings: The results show that EM subsidiaries’ knowledge skills, disseminative capacity, autonomy, and external embeddedness have significant influence on RKT. On the other hand, parent companies, as receiving units, play important role with its absorptive capacity and perception toward the subsidiaries. Moreover, mediating factors such as internal embeddedness, cultural awareness, knowledge relevance and communication context affect the process of RKT between EM subsidiaries and parent companies in developed markets. Finally, RKT from EM subsidiaries can contribute to MNCs innovation, subsidiaries productivity, and can further lead to intra organizational knowledge transfer through internal networks.

    Implications: Theoretically, the research proposes a holistic model of RKT process along with the factors that influence the course of knowledge sharing from EM subsidiaries to DM parent companies. This model offers practical guidelines for international managers both at parent companies and subsidiaries level to promote RKT process to achieve and sustain MNCs’ competitive advantage through innovation.

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    Reverse Knowledge Transfer Sohail and Bolor Thesis Final Report
  • 266.
    Ahmadi, Babak
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology.
    How Second Generation Iranians Understand Their National and Ethnic Identity?: A comparative study of the impact of the host society- the case of Sweden and the United States.2013Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the social characteristics of the host society on the second generation Iranians’ understanding of their national and ethnic identities. In this regard I have studied how the second generation Iranians in Sweden identify themselves with Iranian society, with the Iranian ethnic group in Sweden and/or with Swedish society and then compared the second generation Iranians in Sweden and those in the Unites States to try to make clear the impact of the host society on the second generation Iranians’ understanding of their ethnic and national identities.

    Educational attainment is regarded as a cornerstone in the identity construction of second generation Iranians (Hartman, 2009; Bozorgmehr and Douglas, 2010; Shavarini, 2004). The literatures, which is based mainly on the studies conducted in the Unites States among second generation Iranians, indicates several factors being important for such an attainment. I have examined whether these factors also are important for the second generation Iranians in Sweden; this in order to more concretely show the impact of the social characteristics of the host society on the second generation Iranians' understanding of their identities.

    For gathering the data in Sweden I used semi-structured e-mail interviews with fifteen young people of Iranian background (defined as individuals with both parents born in Iran).

    When comparing my study with those in the United States, I could not find the identity tensions and identity crisis reported by the research on second generation Iranians in the United States among the same generation in Sweden. The comparison between the two groups concerning the educational attainment strengthens the hypothesis that the social characteristics of the society where the second generation Iranians live in, has an import impact on their understanding of their ethnic identity.

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  • 267.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health, Psychology and Sports Sciences, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Managers’ Work, Working Conditions and Wellbeing in Small Companies with Profitable Growth2024Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Background Managers’ work, working conditions and wellbeing are important determinants of occupational health in organizations. Nevertheless, little research has investigated these factors in the context of small growing businesses, which are known to contribute to employment, economic growth and social stability. The aim of this thesis was to explore managers’ work, working conditions and wellbeing in the context of small businesses with profitable growth. 

    Methods Study I used a cross-sectional design to assess patterns in managerial work activities and leadership behaviours. Studies II–IV used qualitative interviews with managers (II–IV) and employees (II) to explore the effects of managers’ wellbeing on their leadership (II), their working conditions (III), and changes in their working conditions and wellbeing in the context of growing small businesses (IV).

    Results Managers worked long hours, posing risks for occupational health, but also adopted work practices that bolster occupational health. Firm size matters for managerial work. Managers’ wellbeing reflected in their mood and energy levels and influenced their leadership behaviours and performance, and the company’s work environment. Managers were more constructive when they felt well, and more passively destructive when they felt unwell. Certain factors mitigated the consequences of their negative behaviours in the organization. Five types of managers’ demands and resources (daily managerial work; achievement of results; and social; organizational; and individual factors) were identified, where the specificity of the small business context revealed unique characteristics. Company growth changed managers’ experiences of working conditions and wellbeing.

    Conclusions The specific context of small growing businesses shaped managers’ work, working conditions and wellbeing and the interplay between them. Dynamism in the organizational context due to growth had implications for managers’ work, working conditions and wellbeing.

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  • 268.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Lundqvist, Daniel
    Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Division of Education and Sociology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
    Bergström, Gunnar
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Public Health Science.
    A qualitative study of factors that managers in small companies consider important for their wellbeing2023In: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being, ISSN 1748-2623, E-ISSN 1748-2631, Vol. 18, no 1, article id 2286669Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Purpose

    Given the importance of small businesses for society, and the significance of managers’ wellbeing for employee health, leadership, and business performance, more knowledge is needed on the sources of managers’ wellbeing. This study explored factors within the small business context that were perceived by managers to hinder or enable their wellbeing.

    Methods

    Data were collected through qualitative semi-structured interviews with 20 managers from 12 small companies, and analysed with content analysis.

    Results

    The factors that these managers in small businesses experienced as enhancing or hindering their personal wellbeing covered five categories: demands and resources in the daily managerial work, achievement of results, social factors, organizational factors, and individual factors.

    Conclusions

    The specific context of managerial work in small companies encompasses unique factors. For instance, the small company managers’ wellbeing was affected by vulnerability due to the smallness of the business and the absence of available resources. Simultaneously, a small company context provided a strong social climate and close relationships with employees and customers that strengthened the managers’ wellbeing. The findings suggest that the availability of financial, personnel, and organizational resources varies between small companies of different size, which may have implications for small business managers’ work and wellbeing.

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  • 269.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Lundqvist, Daniel
    Linköpings universitet.
    Bergström, Gunnar
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research. Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Public Health Science. EPIUnit–Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
    Managers’ and employees’ experiences of how managers’ wellbeing impacts their leadership behaviours in Swedish small businesses2023In: Work: A journal of Prevention, Assessment and rehabilitation, ISSN 1051-9815, E-ISSN 1875-9270, Vol. 75, no 1, p. 97-112Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    BACKGROUND:There is a growing interest in managers’ wellbeing due to the observed associations between their wellbeing and leadership behaviours, and between leadership behaviours and employees’ wellbeing. However, it is still unclear how managers’ wellbeing influences their practiced leadership across different workplace contexts, which specific behaviours are affected, and how this varies across time.

    OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was therefore to explore managers’ and employees’ experiences and perceptions regarding the consequences of managers’ wellbeing for their leadership behaviours in small businesses.

    METHODS:Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 37 participants (19 managers and 18 employees) working at 12 Swedish small firms, and analysed using content analysis.

    RESULTS:The findings show that managers were more constructive when they felt well, and more passively destructive when unwell. Variations in managers’ wellbeing influenced their mood, energy level, and performance, as well as the company’s working climate. However, these destructive leadership variations did not have a substantial impact, because several protective factors were present.

    CONCLUSION:This study shows that the wellbeing of managers in small businesses has perceptible consequences for their leadership behaviours. The study also shows that sustained leadership behaviours may coexist with temporary variations of these behaviours on a constructive-destructive continuum depending on the leader’s wellbeing. Overall, the findings contribute to a more nuanced and dynamic understanding of how the interaction between managers’ wellbeing and their behaviours unfolds in the particular context of small companies.

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  • 270.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Psychology, Sports Science and Occupational Health Sciences, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Lundqvist, Daniel
    Bergström, Gunnar
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Psychology, Sports Science and Occupational Health Sciences, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work, Criminology and Public Health Sciences, Public Health Science.
    Managers in the context of small business growth: a qualitative study of working conditions and wellbeingManuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
  • 271.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Public Health and Sport Science, Public Health Science. University of Porto.
    Larsson, Johan
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Occupational Health Science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research. LKAB.
    Managers’ work and behaviour patterns in profitable growth SMEs2021In: Small Business Economics, ISSN 0921-898X, E-ISSN 1573-0913, Vol. 57, p. 849-863Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    We investigated managers’ work and behaviour patterns in profitable growth small- and medium-sized Swedish companies, and considered how these patterns might be associated with good health outcomes. Specifically, we looked at hours worked by managers, proportion of time spent on working activities, and leadership behaviour orientation. We used a quantitative cross-sectional design and collected data via a standardized questionnaire that was answered by 133 top managers. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, linear regression, and compositional data analysis. Our results indicate that the managers worked long hours, which is a health risk both for them as individuals and for their organizations, but also that they engaged in work practices and leadership behaviours that were favourable for organizational health and for their employees. The managers spent a high proportion of their time in touring, which could be beneficial to organizational health, and exercised active leadership through behaviours that contribute to both employee health and company effectiveness. Comparing our results to other studies, we can observe that patterns of managers’ time use differ between small and large companies, confirming that the size of the firm is an important determinant of managerial work.

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  • 272.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Public health science.
    Larsson, Johan
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Managers’ working hours and time allocation in effective SMEs – an organizational health perspective2018In: FALF KONFERENS 2018 Arbetet – problem eller potential för en hållbar livsmiljö?   10-12 juni 2018 Gävle: Program och abstracts / [ed] Per Lindberg, Gävle: Gävle University Press , 2018, p. 118-Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background

    There is an increased global interest in occupational health across small businesses as they represent a large share of employers in many societies. In the model of healthy work organisations, employee health is a prerequisite for higher productivity and profitability and management practices are considered as determinants of organisational health. A better understanding of how managers in effective companies use their time can offer a better understanding of how this can affect employees’ well-being and business effect-iveness. Managers’ long working hours and share of time spent on Management by Walking Around (MBWA) are considered important characteristics of managers’ work that might have consequences for employees’ and managers’ own health outcomes, as well as for organisational effectiveness. MBWA is a management technique common for successful companies in regard to their effectiveness; providing an opportunity for a spontaneous manager-subordinate interaction that might be important for employee health and wellbeing. Studies of managerial work have to some extent not clearly placed managers’ time use in the broad context of leadership, often missing to link it with leadership behaviour theories, health and effectiveness.

    Objective

    The objective of this study was to explore, on the one hand, the total amount of working hours that managers spent, and on the other, their patterns of time allocation to different activities in effective SMEs. Research questions were: 1) What patterns regarding managers’ working hours can be identified across socio-demographic variables, leader-ship experience factors and leadership profiles in effective SMEs? 2) What patterns regarding proportions of total working hours spent on MBWA can be identified across socio-demographic variables, leadership experience factors and leadership profiles in effective SMEs?

    Method

    The study used data collected within the project, “Successful Companies in Gästrikland”. Annually the project nominates 120 companies for the award based on companies’ financial indicators. The study employed a cross-sectional design and analysed responses to questionnaires collected within the project during years 2014-2018. The inclusion criteria were small and medium sized companies (more than four and less than 250 subordinates), high-level managers having subordinates. Data analysis were carried out using descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

    Results

    The results section is being processed and will be reported on the conference.

  • 273.
    Ahmadi, Elena
    et al.
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    Vilhelmson, Pär
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Education and Business Studies, Department of Business and Economic Studies, Business administration.
    Macassa, Gloria
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Public health science.
    Larsson, Johan
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Occupational health science. University of Gävle, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research.
    FRAMFÖR (Framgångsrika företag i Gästrikland): ett longitudinellt projekt om ledarskap, arbetsmiljö och effektivitet – fördel för både forskning, utbildning och ett hållbart arbetsliv?2016In: Inkluderande och hållbart arbetsliv: Book of abstracts - FALF 2016, Östersund: Mittuniversitetet , 2016, p. 48-48Conference paper (Refereed)
    Abstract [sv]

    Projektbeskrivning: FRAMFÖR har under 15 år bedrivits i Gästrikland i samarbete mellan utbildning och forskning vid Högskolan i Gävle, företagsutvecklare vid kommuner, företag och näringslivsorganisationer. Varje år delas utmärkelsen FRAMFÖR ut till 50 företag. Ambitionen är att uppmuntra framgångsrika företagare och visa upp intressanta exempel på hur framgång kan skapas. Processen startar med att 120 företag (>4 anställda) nomineras utifrån finansiella kriterier (ex. omsättningstillväxt, vinstmarginal). Sedan genomför studenter vid Ekonomprogrammet intervjuer med cheferna för dessa företag. Intervjuerna sker utifrån ett standardiserat frågeformulär kring arbetsmiljö, ledarskap, organisering och effektivitet. Avslutningsvis väljer en jury ut de 50 mest framgångsrika företagen utifrån såväl finansiella kriterier som studenternas intervjuresultat. Projektets trippel helixuppbyggnad (Utbildning, Forskning och, Företag) skapar nyttor för olika intressenter.

    Utbildningsnyttor: Studenterna får möjlighet till interaktion med företagare i sin direkta närhet. Aktiviteterna underlättar att uppfylla utbildningsmål där flera mål kan uppfyllas med samma aktiviteter. Förståelse för näringslivets förutsättningar samt kunskaper om ett vetenskapligt angreppssätt ökar.

    Forskningsnyttor: Stärker pågående forskning om hälsofrämjande och effektivt ledarskap inom arbetshälsovetenskap samt företagsutveckling inom företagsekonomi. Det stora urvalet av företag ger en bra bild av företagen i regionen och en möjlighet att följa dem över tid. Ambitionen är att få mer kunskap om hållbara och effektiva företag. Fördjupade studier av utmärkelseföretag möjliggörs och ett doktorandprojekt med inriktning på ledarskapsbeteenden, organisationsfaktorer, tidsanvändning samt chefers/medarbetares arbetsmiljö/hälsa i utmärkelseföretag är uppstartat.

    Företagsnyttor: Företagare får möta studenter och förstå hur de tänker. Ställda frågor, t.ex. rörande arbetsmiljö och ledarskap, kan starta reflektionsprocesser som bidrar till fortsatt utveckling. FRAMFÖR-utmärkelsen delas ut vid en högtidlig tillställning där företagarna kan bygga nätverk. Flera företagare lyfter fram det positiva symbolvärdet av att få utmärkelsen.

    Projektets framtid: Målet är att fortsätta ytterligare 15 år och fortsätta utveckla nyttorna för samtliga intressenter. Ett prioriterat område är återkoppling till företag i någon form samt ökad samverkan mellan studenter och företagare.

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  • 274.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Abendländisches Gedankengut im Rahmen des islamischen Feminismus im Iran2000In: Inamo, Vol. 21, no 6, p. 38-41Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 275.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Coping och arbetsliv: arbetsliv som en coping-strategi2014In: Hälsa, livsmiljö och arbetsliv: ur ett socialt arbete-perspektiv / [ed] Fereshteh Ahmadi & Sam Larsson, Gävle: Gävle University Press , 2014, p. 61-75Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 276. Order onlineBuy this publication >>
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Coping with Cancer in Sweden: A Search for Meaning2015 (ed. 1)Book (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This book is based on triangulation research consisting of a sociological qualitative and quantitative study among people struck by cancer and a study conducted among nurses working in cancer care.

    The aim of the book is to present the results of these studies, in particular those of the quantitative study.

    The qualitative study aimed at identifying the religious and spiritually oriented coping methods used by cancer patients in Sweden, which serves as an example of societies in which religion is not an integrated part of the social life of individuals. The empirical data for the study were based on interviews with cancer patients. Fifty-one interviews were conducted in various parts of Sweden with patients suffering from different types of cancer. Concerning the use of religious and spiritually oriented methods by the Swedish informants, we learn that gaining control over the situation is a very important coping strategy for them. The informants show a strong tendency toward relying primarily on themselves for solving problems related to their disease. Receiving help from other sources, among others God or a supreme power, seems to primarily be a way to gain more power to help oneself, as opposed to passively waiting for a miracle. For the informants, thinking about spiritual matters and spiritual connection seems to be more important than participating in religious rituals and activities. Turning to nature as a sacred and available resource is a coping method that all informants have used, regardless of their outlook on God, their religion and philosophy of life or their age and gender. The qualitative study shows clearly the impact of culture on coping.

    The qualitative study on nurses focuses on coping among Swedish oncology nurses. The research questions were close to the coping theory (Pargament, 1997) that was used for interpretation. 1. How can the stress experienced by oncology nurses be described? (Ekedahl & Wengström, 2007) 2. Which functional and dysfunctional coping strategies do nurses use to cope with work-related stress? (Ekedahl & Wengström, 2006) 3. What religious components can be identified as coping resources in oncology nurses’ orienting system and what function does religiosity have in their work? (Ekedahl & Wengström, 2010) 4. How does culture influence the coping process through different coping styles? (Ekedahl, 2011; Ekedahl & Wengström, 2012)

    Four levels of stress were identified: the individual level of the nurse, a group level that is related to the team, an organizational level, and a cultural level. Nurses working in cancer care have to cope with different types of stress. They move from simpler types to the worst type of stress: multifaceted stress with an existential dimension. The most intensive stress is on the individual level and the group level, where the existential dimension is activated.

    Concerning the coping strategies, the dominant one is boundary demarcation. Lack of this important strategy is dysfunctional. Religious coping is dominated by basic trust and prayer and can provide support. Using concepts from cultural psychology, individualistic and collectivistic coping are suggested as additional coping styles.

    The aim of the quantitative study was to examine the extent to which the results obtained in the qualitative study among cancer patients, explained above, are applicable to a wider population of cancer patients in Sweden. In addition to questions relating to the former qualitative study, this survey also makes use of the RCOPE questionnaire (designed by Kenneth I Pargament) in designing the quantitative study. In this quantitative study, 5000 questionnaires were distributed among persons diagnosed with cancer; 2355 people responded. The results show that nature has been the most important coping method among cancer patients in Sweden.

    The highest mean value (2.9) is for the factor ‘nature has been an important resource to you in allowing you to deal with your illnesses.’ Two out of three respondents (68%) affirmed that this method helped them feel significantly better during or after their illness. The second highest average (2.8) is for the factor ‘listening to “natural music” (birdsong and the wind).’ Two out of three respondents (66%) answered that this coping method helped them feel significantly better during their illness. The third highest average (2.7) is for the factor ‘walking or engaging in any activity outdoors gives you a spiritual sense.’ Concerning the role of nature as the most important coping method for cancer patients, this survey confirms the results obtained from the previous qualitative studies.

    Moreover, the results of the quantitative study indicate that few informants used religious coping methods, as they were inclined to trust their own abilities to solve problems more than other sources of power, such as God or a religious authority. This result may be partly due to the predominance of secularism in Swedish society and the strong position individualism plays in Swedish culture, which fosters the idea that individuals are responsible for tackling their own problems.

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  • 277.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Coping with cancer through music: Three studies among cancer patients in Sweden2016In: Music therapy in the management of medical conditions / [ed] Hashefi, Mandana, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2016, 1, p. 135-151Chapter in book (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In this chapter, the result of three research studies on meaning-making coping conducted among cancer patients in Sweden is used to highlight the effect of music in coping with cancer. The first research was a qualitative research aiming to study coping with cancer, through religious and spiritual means, from a cultural perspective. The second project was a quantitative study, which aimed to determine to what extent the result of the first study could be generalized to the cancer patients in Sweden. The third study had as its target to investigate the cancer patients’ own understanding of the role of music in coping. The results of these studies indicate the impact of culture in using music as a coping method when facing the psychological burden cancer brings with itself. The outcomes of the third study showed, besides the impact of culture, the individual characteristics of the music as a coping method.

  • 278.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Culture, Religion and Spirituality in Coping: The Example of Cancer Patients in Sweden2006Book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Recent research has shown significant associations (negative and positive) between religious and spiritual factors and mental health. Much of this research, however, has been conducted in the US, where religion is an integrated part of most people’s lives. Other studies on religious and spiritually oriented coping conducted outside the US have also focused on religious people. Yet many are non-believers, and many believers do not consider themselves religious, i.e. religion is not an important part of their life. There are also societies in which the dominant culture and ways of thinking dismiss the role of religion in people’s lives. Research on religious coping rarely takes these people into consideration. Thus, the following questions arise: How are religion and spirituality involved in coping when non-believers or non-religious people face difficult events? How do culture and ways of thinking affect people’s choice of religious and spiritual coping methods? Proceeding from a cultural approach to coping and health, this book attempts to address these questions by looking at the coping strategies of Swedish cancer patients.

  • 279.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Den postmoderna islamiska feminismen i Iran och religionens tillfälliga aspekter2008In: Svensk religionshistorisk årsskrift. 15(2006-2007), Uppsala: Swedish Science Press , 2008, Vol. 15, p. 151-180Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Islamic women in Iran challenge the clergy’s monoclinic interpretational power by reconstructing gender and Islamic discourses in a radical way. The result is the flourishing of a new Islamic feminism in Iran which has different attitude towards certain points regarding the Korans view of gender than the other Islamic feminisms.

    Islamic feminists in Iran emphasis the historical context of the Koran and by doing this reformulate Islamic concepts and law from a “feminine” perspective. They open the doors for interpretation of sacred texts and dialogue on women issues to other groups than Muslims. They wrestle with the clergy’s reactive gender conservatism and their Westophobia. Islamic feminist in Iran by embarking on connecting themselves with western feminism and viewing their struggle against discrimination of women in Iran as an integrated part of the global feminism struggle weave new textual connections between Muslim women and Western women.

  • 280.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Development Towards Wisdom and Maturity: Sufi Conception of Self2000In: Journal of Aging and Identity, ISSN 1087-3732, E-ISSN 1573-3491, Vol. 5, no 3, p. 137-149Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    By applying results from in-depth interviews with older Iranian Sufis residing in Sweden, this article describes the benefits of the value system of Sufism prizing mystical union above self-realization. As persons conceive of themselves as all forming parts of other-than-self rather than as separate selves, the result is tolerance towards other people's opinions and the vanishing of hostile feelings and competition. Compassion and identification with the whole of creation allows Sufis to avoid the sense of loneliness and exclusion felt by so many immigrants.

     

  • 281.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Elderly Migrants and the Concept of Home: a Swedish Perspective2005In: Home and Identity in Late Life: International Perspectives / [ed] Graham D. Rowles & Habib Chaudhury, New York: Springer , 2005Chapter in book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    Leading scholars, offering international and multidisciplinary viewpoints, examine the meaning of home to elders and the ways in which this meaning may be sustained, threatened, or modified according to changes associated with growing old.

    Organized into four sections--The Essence of Home, Disruptions of Home, Creating and Recreating Home, and Community Perspectives on the Meaning of Home, this volume explores topics including:

    What makes a house a home?

    What role does the meaning of home play in the process of relocation to another place of residence?

    What is the relationship between a person's home life and cherished possessions such as symbolic jewelry or religious items in late life?

    How does the community/neighborhood environment influence the way that older people feel about the places in which they live?

    This volume will be of interest to practitioners, researchers, upper-level graduates/graduate-level students in gerontology, environmental psychology, social work, and nursing. It will be valuable to everyone in the helping professions who seek a deeper understanding of the ways in which "being at home" and attachment to place plays a key role in the life experience and well-being of their clients as they grow older.

  • 282.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Ensamkommande barn i ett internationellt och nationellt perspektiv2013In: Ensamkommande flyktingbarn: utifrån perspektivet socialt arbete / [ed] Fereshteh Ahmadi & My Lilja, Gävle: Gävle University Press , 2013, p. 13-28Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 283.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Feministisk tolkning av Koranen.2008In: Svenska dagbladet, ISSN 1101-2412Article in journal (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 284.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Gerotranscendence and Different Cultural Settings2001In: Ageing and Society, ISSN 0144-686X, Vol. 21, no 4, p. 395-415Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

     Within the framework of an international research project aimed at studying the impact of different cultural settings on gerotranscendent development, six groups of older people distinguished by religiosity and cultural origin were studied. A life history approach, followed by thematic semi-structured interviews, was applied. One of the objectives was to inquire about the possible impact of religion, conceived of as a cultural setting, on development towards gerotranscendence. The findings of this inquiry gave rise to two hypotheses as to the relationship between ge ro transcendence and religiosity. The first hypothesis is that the internalisation of mystical-type ideas in individuals' ways of thinking is probably a factor involved in the development of a gerotranscendent view of life. In other words, whether individuals practice their 'religion' in a spiritual, nonorganisational way, or in an organisational way, may play a role for development towards gerotranscendence. The second hypothesis is that certain characteristics, such as the secular and individualistic features of modern societies, may delay development towards gerotranscendence.

  • 285.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Gerotranscendence and Life Satisfaction: Studies of religious and secular Iranians and Turks2000In: Journal of Religious Gerontology, ISSN 1050-2289, Vol. 12, no 1, p. 17-41Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    A possible relationship between gerotranscendence and life satisfaction was examined using the life narrative approach followed by thematic semi-structured interviews with religious and secular Iranians residing in Sweden and religious and secular Turks residing in Turkey. Both the Turkish and the Iranian studies provide support for the hypothesis that there is a relationship between gerotranscendence and life satisfaction. Both studies show that persons who displayed evidence of gerotranscendence also displayed evidence of life satisfaction. Additionally, neither of the studies revealed informants displaying gerotranscendence in the absence of discernable life satisfaction.

  • 286.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Hard and Heavy Music: Can It Make a Difference in the Young Cancer Patients' Life?2009In: Voices: A World Forum for Music Therapy, E-ISSN 1504-1611, Vol. 9, no 2Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The aim of the study on the basis of which this article is written was to examine, from the patients’ perspective, the role music plays as a coping method when facing cancer. Here, using music as a coping method refers to using music (listening to and/or playing music individually or participating in a music therapy program) frequently in order to deal with the significant demands presented by cancer. A semi-structured interview with 17 cancer patients who have used music (listened to or played music) in order to cope with their illness was applied. Five of interviewees were men and twelve women. The youngest informant was 24 and the oldest 73 years old. In the paper presented in this conference I will discuss the result of my study concerning the effects of hard and heavy music in coping with cancer. The result of study shows that hard and heavy music as a coping method:

    - by calling in question the cultural demands of having control over their feelings, helps the young cancer patients to obtain their control,

    - by questioning what are conventionally defined as meaning of life, helps the young cancer patients to find a meaning,

    - by calling in question  the cultural requests of being calm and collected helps the young cancer patients to get their tranquility,  

    - by cheering unhealthy behaviors like using drug and having violent sex helps the young cancer patients to recover their mental health.

    All this due to the possibility the heavy and hard music provides for the young cancer patients to get self-confidence by putting away the false mask one wear and be who she/he really is.

  • 287.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Hemmets betydelse för äldre invandrare: En litteraturöversikt och riktlinjer för fortsatt forskning och teoribildning2000Report (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
  • 288.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Identity Crisis and Integration: The divergent Attitudes of Iranian Immigrant Men and women towards Integration into Swedish society2001In: International Migration, ISSN 0020-7985, Vol. 39, no 3, p. 121-135Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The main objective of this article is to show the divergent attitudes of Iranian immigrant men and women towards integration into Swedish society.

    As several studies have shown, Iranian women have a better chance of adjusting to Western societies than Iranian men. This article discusses the notion that one of the important reasons for this is the determining role of professional position in the life of Iranian immigrants in Sweden.

    As a result of the improvement in their work status and therefore an improvement in their social position, Iranian immigrant women now have greater possibilities than Iranian immigrant men to overcome the identity crisis which ordinarily makes ethnic groups and cultural minorities lose their sense of fitting into their new social reality.

    This results, in its turn, in the women having a positive attitude towards the new society and increases the extent of their desire for integration into the new society.

  • 289.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Immigrants and Globalization: identity crisis and the concept of the Individual2005In: The XXIX Conference on Sociotechnics - Sociological Practice. “Networks and Partnership for learning Regions in an area of Micro-globalization in Everyday Practices. The International Sociological Association (ISA) Research Committee Conference RC # 26 in Association with the Sociology Department of the University of the Aegean., 2005Conference paper (Refereed)
  • 290.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Criminology, Social Work.
    Integration of Sufi Ideas into the Ways of Thinking of Iranians2023In: The International Journal of Humanities, ISSN 2538-2640, Vol. 30, no 3, p. 12-31Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In this article, I will discuss the integration of the Sufi ideas into the Iranian ways of thinking. I will put forward some factors, which explain the reason why Sufi ideas could impact the Iranian ways of thinking and become an integrated part of it. This issue is important since one of the reasons for several social problems from which the Iranian society suffers can be found in the Iranian group-oriented ways of thinking and the lack of an individual-oriented perspective concerning every citizen’s not only rights but duties as well. The mystical dimension of Iranian ways of thinking is regarded as one of the factors, which counteracted the growth of concern for the individual self in the ways of thinking of Iranians.

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  • 291.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Investigating the Religious and Spiritually-oriented Coping Strategies in the Swedish Context: A review of literature and directions for future research2001In: Illness, Crisis & Loss, ISSN 1054-1373, Vol. 9, no 4, p. 336-356Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 292.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Islam och feminism: hur västerländska idéer behandlas inom islamisk feminism i Iran2000In: Sofia, ISSN 0281-8787, no 1, p. 13-21Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 293.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete. Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Islamic Feminism in Iran: Feminism in a New Islamic Context2006In: Journal of feminist studies in religion, ISSN 8755-4178, E-ISSN 1553-3913, Vol. 22, no 2, p. 33-54Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Challenging the clergy’s monoclinic interpretational power, Islamic feminists in Iran, by emphasizing the historical context of the holy texts and reformulating Islamic concepts and law from a “feminist” perspective, are developing a new direction in rethinking gender in Islam. By opening the doors of interpretation of sacred texts and debates on women issues to other groups than Muslims, they have braked with reactive gender conservatism and West phobia prevailing among fundamentalists, and have embarked on connecting themselves with Western feminism and weaving new textual connections between Muslim women and Western feminism.

  • 294.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Kultur och hälsa2008Book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [sv]

    Hälsa är en viktig fråga för varje individ och varje samhälle. I ett land med invandrare som har socialiserats i olika samhällen med skilda uppfattningar om hälsa och ohälsa, uppstår behov av att fördjupa såväl allmänhetens som hälso- och sjukvårdspersonalens kunskap om betydelsen av kultur, religion och etnicitet i medicin- och hälsofrågor.

    I denna bok belyser författaren, Fereshteh Ahmadi, hur viktig kunskap är om olika kulturers och religioners syn på hälsa och hälsa i bemötandet av patienter.

    Boken vänder sig i första hand till studenter på grundutbildningsnivå samt personal inom hälso- sjukvården men den kan även användas av andra som är intresserade av att skaffa sig kunskaper om kulturens och religionens betydelse för förståelse av ohälsa.

  • 295.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Kulturens indvirkning på åndlig coping med kraef2008In: Kan bjerge flytte troen?, Copenhagen: Gyldendal , 2008, p. 211-232Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 296.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Sociology/Social work.
    Kultuuriperspektiiviline uurimus Rootsi vähipatsientide religioossetest ja vaimsetest toimetulekumeetoditest (A study of the religious and spiritual coping methods among Swedish cancer patients from a cultural perspective)2010In: Inimene, tervis ja haigused - Terviseteemaline artiklikogumik "Medica" (Human, Health and Illnesses. Health-concerned article collection "Medica") / [ed] Piret Paal & Mare Kõiva, Tallinn: Teaduskirjastus (Science Publishers) , 2010, 1, p. 185-216Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 297.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Social work.
    Music as a method of coping with cancer: a qualitative study among cancer patients in Sweden2013In: Arts and Health, ISSN 1753-3015, E-ISSN 1753-3023, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 152-165Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Background: This study investigated patients’ understanding of the role of music in coping and in influencing their well-being.

    Methods: A qualitative study was conducted based on semi-structured interviews with 17 cancer patients. Participants were chosen from a group of patients who had listened to or played music as a means of coping with their illness.

    Results: The study shows the importance of considering the roles that different kinds of music play in coping with cancer. The music of nature, healing music, religious music and cheerful music each have different benefits for patients.

    Conclusions: A patient’s situation and his or her individual characteristics determine the types of that music can act as a useful or harmful coping strategy. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the types of individual characteristics that can make listening to different kinds of music a helpful or harmful coping method.

  • 298.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Reflections on Spiritual Maturity and Gerotranscendence: Dialogues with Two Sufis2000In: Journal of Religious Gerontology, ISSN 1050-2289, Vol. 11, no 2, p. 43-74Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Late life development - from the perspectives of spiritual development and gerotranscendence - has been studied using the Life History Approach followed-up by thematic semi-structured interviews with Iranian Sufis residing in Sweden. On the basis of this study and proceeding from the theory of Gerotranscendence, I have, in this paper, illustrated the distinct role of aging in the development towards wisdom and maturity when mystical ideas are already integrated into individuals’ ways of thinking. This is achieved by contrasting, in terms of certain gerotranscendent dimensions, an aged Sufi’s view of her/his Self and the surrounding world with that of a middle-aged Sufi.

  • 299.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Social Work and Psychology, Sociology/Social work.
    Song lyrics and the alteration of self-image2011In: Nordisk tidskrift for musikkterapi - Nordic Journal of Music Therapy, ISSN 0803-9828, Vol. 20, no 3, p. 225-241Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    In order to examine, from a patient perspective, the role music plays as a coping method when facing cancer, I conducted a qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 17 cancer patients. The patients were between 24–73 years of age and had used music (listened to or played music) to cope with their illness. In this article, four case studies serve to highlight one of the major findings: that the lyrics of religious, cheerful, and hard and heavy music can help cancer patients obtain a balance in their inner feelings by identifying themselves with the person to whom the song lyrics are addressed. This result may be of interest to therapists using music therapy interventions, especially with patients suffering from serious illness.

  • 300.
    Ahmadi, Fereshteh
    University of Gävle, Department of Caring Sciences and Sociology, Ämnesavdelningen för socialt arbete.
    Sufism and Gerotranscendence: The impact of way of Thinking, Culture and Aging on Spiritual Maturity1998In: Journal of Aging and Identity, ISSN 1087-3732, E-ISSN 1573-3491, Vol. 1, no 4, p. 189-211Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    This essay examines the similarities and dissimilarities between a gerotranscendental person's and a Sufi's view of ontological questions, of self and of social and individual relationships. Using the Life History Approach followed up by thematic semi-structured interviews, I studied thirteen Iranian Sufis residing in Sweden, dividing the interviewees into two groups according to the stage of their life in which they became familiar with the Sufi ideas: those who became familiar with Sufi ideas early in their life (30 years) are called early Sufis, and those whose familiarity with Sufi ideas came about in their later life (>30) are called later Sufis. The study posits that the existence of a cosmic view of self and the surrounding world can be observed among early Sufis due to their intemalization of the Sufi ideas in early life. Regarding later Sufis, we can hypothesize that the existence of such a cosmic view is not only due to the intemalization of Sufi ideas, but also to aging.

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