Title: What factors affect women's opportunities to assume leadership positions in the real estate brokerage industry? 

Level: Bachelor's thesis in Business Administration Authors: Tilde Höglund Grönlund & Wera Pierre Supervisor: Katarina Arbin 

Date: 2023 - mayAim: Investigate and contribute knowledge about what factors that affect women's 

opportunities to assume leadership positions in the real estate brokerage industry. 

Method: The study is qualitative and has an inductive approach. Seven interviews were conducted with female franchisees using semi-structured interviews. 

Results and conclusions: The conclusion of this study is that the underrepresentation of women in leadership positions within the real estate brokerage industry is due to a complex interplay of factors. This includes men's preferences in hiring and promotion, as well as the existence of biases and stereotypes regarding women's competence and suitability for managerial roles. 

Contribution of the thesis: The study contributes knowledge about potential barriers for women in becoming leaders in the real estate brokerage industry and examines whether there is a gender gap in leadership positions within the real estate brokerage industry. It is revealed that the issue of women in leadership positions is generally not as prevalent in the real estate brokerage industry. By highlighting these findings, the study can contribute to increased understanding of gender equality and promote a more inclusive work environment where women are given equal opportunities to exercise leadership and achieve success in their professional fields. 

Suggestions for future research: To gain a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing women's opportunities to become franchisees in the real estate brokerage industry, an examination of recruitment processes, organizational culture, structures, as well as individual characteristics and resources is needed. Another direction could involve identifying and evaluating strategies and interventions to reduce gender disparities, such as inclusion programs, mentorship, and policy changes. 

Key words: glass ceiling, glass cliff, women, leadership, gender, norms, stereotypes, gender equality, role congruity theory