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Decision making about increased building automation – barriers, drivers and motivation factors
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Energy Systems and Building Technology. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0336-6537
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Energy Systems and Building Technology. Linköpings universitet.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4823-9905
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Energy Systems and Building Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2023-689x
2025 (English)In: Frontiers in Energy Research, E-ISSN 2296-598X, Vol. 12, article id 1498140Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Energy efficiency has been identified as a way of addressing the need to reduce climate impact from fossil fuels. Furthermore, the ongoing twin transition may provide better and more energy-efficient control of buildings with systems such as building management systems (BMS). However, there appear to be barriers to investments in functional digital tools, as there are for other energy-efficient technologies for buildings. This paper is based on a questionnaire study with technology providers, decision makers and users of building management systems. The questionnaire included questions regarding barriers, drivers, and motivations for investments in BMS. Improved energy efficiency was found to be an important motivation for investments in BMS for users and decision makers, but the technology providers elevated more easy work as important. The main driver for investments in BMS was related to reduced energy costs, while for the decision makers, financial barriers such as risks and hidden cost were ranked highest. An important knowledge barrier was found as knowledge is needed for decisions about investments, use of BMS and decisions regarding IT security, such as handling of data. A key conclusion is the need for a facilitator, as knowledge is needed for decisions about BMS investments and for its use. On a broader scale, the paper argues for the need to include facilitators as a core part of future policies within the twin transition.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Frontiers , 2025. Vol. 12, article id 1498140
Keywords [en]
Energy efficiency gap, building automation system (BAS), building man-agement system (BMS), energy efficiency, questionnaire, energy-efficient technology (EET)
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-44199DOI: 10.3389/fenrg.2024.1498140OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-44199DiVA, id: diva2:1860696
Available from: 2024-05-24 Created: 2024-05-24 Last updated: 2025-10-02Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Mind the gaps for energy-efficient buildings
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Mind the gaps for energy-efficient buildings
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

One step towards reducing greenhouse gas emissions is to use energy in a more efficient way and increase the share of renewable energy. This thesis focuses on the construction process and operation of non-residential buildings. The “housing and service” sector, which includes non-residential buildings, accounts for just over one-third of final energy use in Sweden. Reaching energy performance requirements and maintaining them over time is important. Through a socio-technical perspective, I have investigated how different roles and processes involving professional stakeholders affect efficient energy use in non-residential buildings. Interviews and surveys were the main research methods. When energy production and energy use do not coincide in time, there is need for energy storage, for example with batteries. Furthermore, digitalization in the ongoing twin transition may provide better and more energy efficient control of buildings. Therefore, barriers and drivers for investments in battery storage and building automation have been examined in this thesis. Knowledge is an important factor throughout the construction process and operation to achieve and maintain energy performance. The thesis contributes a method and analysis model to support the actors in the construction process to create clear goals and achieve them. Formulating and following up energy requirements is central during both the construction and operation phases of buildings. The thesis shows the importance of identifying causes of deviations and dealing with them. Functioning digital systems are a prerequisite but not a replacement for on-site operating personnel to maintain low energy consumption over time. Two-way communication within and between actors is important, both during the construction process and the operational phase. It is also important with functioning external support when the technology does not work, and that it is obvious in the organization's culture to use the support.

Abstract [sv]

Ett steg på vägen för att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser är att använda energi på ett mer effektivt sätt och öka andelen förnyelsebar energiproduktion. Avhandling fokuserar på byggprocessen och fastighetsdrift för lokalfastigheter. Sektorn ”bostäder och service” där lokalfastigheter ingår står för en dryg tredjedel av den slutliga energianvändningen i Sverige. Att nå energiprestandakraven och bibehålla dem över tid är viktigt. Genom ett sociotekniskt perspektiv har det undersökts hur olika roller och processer som involverar professionella intressenter påverkar effektiv energianvändning i lokalbyggnader. Intervjuer och enkäter har främst använts som forskningsmetoder. När energiproduktion och energianvändning inte sammanfaller i tid skapas behov av energilagring, med tex batterier. Den digitala utvecklingen ger möjligheter att bättre kunna styra och optimera byggnader och kapa effekttoppar. Därför har hinder och drivkrafter för investeringar i batterilager och fastighetsautomation undersökts närmare i denna avhandling. Kunskap är en viktig faktor genom hela byggprocessen och förvaltningen. Genom kunskap ökar möjligheterna att uppnå och bibehålla energieffektiv drift över tid. Avhandlingen bidrar med en metod och analysmodell som kan användas som stöd av aktörerna i byggprocessen för att skapa tydliga mål och nå dem. Att formulera och följa upp energikrav är centralt både under bygg- och förvaltningsskedet för byggnader. I avhandlingen visas på vikten av att identifiera orsaker till avvikelser och hantera dem. Fungerande digitala system är en förutsättning men ingen ersättning för driftpersonal på plats för att bibehålla låg energianvändning över tid. Tvåvägskommunikation inom och mellan aktörer är viktigt både under byggprocessen och driftskedet. Det är också viktigt med fungerande externt stöd när tekniken inte fungerar samt att det i organisationens kultur är självklart använda det stödet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2024. p. 65
Series
Doctoral thesis ; 48
Keywords
Energy-efficient buildings, non-residential buildings, energy efficiency gap, energy performance gap, qualitative method, facility management, barriers, drivers, building automation, battery storage, energieffektiva byggnader, lokaler, kvalitativa studier, intervjustudier, fastighetsdrift, hinder och drivkrafter, framgångsfaktorer, byggnadsautomation, batterilager
National Category
Energy Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-44183 (URN)978-91-89593-36-7 (ISBN)978-91-89593-37-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-09-19, 33:203, Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle, 09:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Knowledge Foundation
Available from: 2024-08-29 Created: 2024-05-24 Last updated: 2025-10-02

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Lane, Anna-LenaThollander, PatrikCehlin, Mathias

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