Background: Transformational leadership (transformational leadership) has gained prominence in nursing contexts for its potential to enhance nurses’ job satisfaction, reduce turnover intentions, lower levels of burnout, and improve patient outcomes. In a constantly evolving healthcare environment characterized by workforce shortages and rising care complexities, understanding the mechanisms and impacts of transformational leadership on nurses’ work-related outcomes has become increasingly important.Aim: The aim of the literature review is to describe the association between transformational leadership and work-related outcomes in nursing.Methods: This paper was a descriptive literature review. After searching and screening eligible articles in PubMed and Cinahl, fourteen articles were finally adopted, including one mixed study and thirteen quantitative studies.Results: Transformational leadership was consistently associated with higher job satisfaction, more substantial organizational commitment, and decreased turnover intention among nurses. Evidence also indicated that transformational leadership could mitigate burnout, foster organizational resilience, encourage innovative behavior, and enhance patient safety culture. Several mediators—such as employee empowerment, organizational support, or positive work environment—helped explain how transformational leadership influenced nurse outcomes.Conclusions: Transformational leadership is positively linked to critical nurse- and patient-related outcomes. These findings underscore the necessity of championing leadership development programs and supportive organizational climates that empower nurse managers to practice transformational leadership effectively. Future research should explore longitudinal and experimental designs to more definitively establish causality and intervention efficacy.