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Potential Self-Sufficiency in Energy, Water, and Nutrients in a Swedish Urban Neighborhood: Codesign and Evaluation of a Decentralized and Integrated Infrastructure System
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Environmental Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6692-5282
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Environmental Science.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Environmental Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5661-2917
2025 (English)In: Journal of urban planning and development, ISSN 0733-9488, E-ISSN 1943-5444, Vol. 151, no 3, article id 04025032Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The development of new urban areas offers a unique opportunity to improve urban resource management, where a more local resource provisioning, through decentralized and integrated infrastructure systems, can be put forward as an alternative approach for potentially reducing the environmental impact and increasing the resilience of vital functions. This study is based on a transdisciplinary workshop series with local stakeholders in the Swedish municipality of Knivsta, where a conceptual model illustrating a future decentralized and integrated infrastructure system was iteratively developed, resulting in a possible design with high societal relevance and feasibility due to this transdisciplinary process. The performance of selected solutions, in terms of the annual level of self-sufficiency in energy, water, and nutrients, was quantified, where the potential for a local provisioning of resources in a typical multifamily building neighborhood in Knivsta was up to 66% for heat, 24% for transportation, and 38% for vegetable supply. For a neighborhood with the same population, but with single-family houses requiring a larger area for both the buildings and private gardens per person, the potential was 31% for heat, 10% for transportation, and 210% for vegetable supply. Electricity, water, and graywater management could be fully supplied in all studied cases. Our findings demonstrate that decentralization and integration can provide important opportunities for utilizing resources in the urban environment, contributing to the desired functions of energy, water, and nutrients, even in countries with relatively cold and dark climates, although these are not enough for urban areas to be fully self-sufficient with their current levels of resource consumption.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
ASCE , 2025. Vol. 151, no 3, article id 04025032
National Category
Environmental Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-47554DOI: 10.1061/jupddm.upeng-5334ISI: 001529600100018OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-47554DiVA, id: diva2:1974531
Funder
Knowledge Foundation, 2019-0129Available from: 2025-06-23 Created: 2025-06-23 Last updated: 2026-01-16Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Exploring circular and self-sufficient resource management of energy, water, and nutrients: the conditions for implementation and the outcomes
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Exploring circular and self-sufficient resource management of energy, water, and nutrients: the conditions for implementation and the outcomes
2026 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The future resource management of energy, water, and nutrients faces two potentially conflicting challenges: to contribute to reducing environmental impact from human activities and to increase resilience for provisioning of these vital resources, i.e., increasing security of supply. This thesis focuses on a circular and self-sufficient approach which, as motivated based on resilience and circularity principles, could potentially contribute to addressing these challenges. More specifically, it concerns the conditions for moving towards this approach in terms of local planning and management practices as well as the outcomes from implementing such technologies. To reflect the complex, multifaceted, and value-laden nature of this research problem, transdisciplinarity was used as an overarching mindset for the knowledge development with Knivsta municipality as a collaborator as well as case study.

The thesis illustrates that a circular and self-sufficient approach is not a silver bullet to resolve both societal challenges at present and in similar settings. While previous research supports that this approach increases resilience of provisioning, the thesis research shows that there are substantial possibilities but that it is not sufficient to cover the whole demand at the present level of consumption, and implementation currently increases some types of environmental impact in places where the conventional approach is efficient and well-developed. Furthermore, the thesis highlights some critical challenges in terms of local planning to adopt a circular and self-sufficient approach. Some insights about the conditions for local change could be central to address for future resource management of energy, water, and nutrients regardless of whether specifically a circular and self-sufficient approach is seen as desirable, such as considering and being open to renegotiate underlying views as well as practices.

Abstract [sv]

Stadens tekniska försörjningssystem för el, värme, vatten och avlopp har historiskt utgjort en grundläggande men ofta osynlig del av den byggda miljön. Under senare tid har dessa system dock blivit en allt mer central samhällsfråga, inte minst mot bakgrund av en förändrad omvärldssituation som belyser systemens sårbarhet och behovet av att minska mänsklig miljöpåverkan. Denna avhandling syftar till att bidra med ny kunskap om hur sådana utmaningar kan hanteras för framtida försörjning av livsviktiga resurser såsom energi, vatten och näringsämnen med särskilt fokus på en mer cirkulär och självförsörjande resurshushållning. Avhandlingen fokuserar dels på möjligheterna inom lokalplanering att implementera ett sådant angreppssätt, dels på de utfall som kan uppnås genom tillämpning av sådana teknologier. Eftersom forskningen behandlar ett komplext, värdeladdat och flerdimensionellt problemområde har transdisciplinärt samskapande använts som övergripande metod. Där har Knivsta kommun fungerat som samarbetspartner såväl som fallstudie.

Avhandlingen visar att cirkularitet och självförsörjning rymmer betydande potential, samtidigt som detta angreppssätt inte utgör någon universallösning på samhällsutmaningarna i dagsläget i områden med liknande förutsättningar. Det är inte möjligt att fullt ut tillgodose behoven av energi, vatten och livsmedel enbart genom sådana system med nuvarande konsumtionsnivå. Det kan i dagsläget också innebära en ökning av vissa typer av miljöpåverkan på ställen där det konventionella upplägget för teknisk försörjning redan är effektivt och väl utvecklat. Avhandlingen synliggör också utmaningar för att implementera cirkulära och självförsörjande system, där vissa av dessa kan vara relevanta för den framtida tekniska försörjningen även utöver just detta angreppssätt. Ett centralt resultat är behovet av att vara beredd för att ompröva underliggande antaganden såväl som etablerade upplägg för planering och förvaltning i denna resurshushållning.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Gävle: Gävle University Press, 2026. p. 93
Series
Doctoral thesis ; 72
Keywords
circular city, food-energy-water nexus, sustainable city, sustainability transitions, urban harvest, urban infrastructure, urban planning, urban symbiosis, cirkulär ekonomi, hållbar stadsutveckling, omställning, självförsörjning, stadsplanering, urban infrastruktur, urban symbios
National Category
Public Administration Studies Environmental Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-49084 (URN)978-91-89593-89-3 (ISBN)978-91-89593-90-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-03-27, Lilla Jadwigasalen (12:108), Kungsbäcksvägen 47, Gävle, 09:00
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2026-03-04 Created: 2026-01-16 Last updated: 2026-03-05

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Gullberg, YlvaWang, ZhaoEriksson, Ola

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