The Baltic Sea is currently facing increased anthropogenic pressures. Here, overfishing has been recognised to have a considerable environmental impact, affecting biodiversity, fish biomass and the sustainability of fisheries. The overexploitation of fisheries is an acute problem, and due to the continuous decline of fish stocks, it requires a sustainable management. This is especially important for the herring fisheries in the Baltic Sea, where high pressures of fishing have led some herring stocks under safe biological limits. The aim of this paper is to explore the opportunities and constraints, through the lens of ecosystem-based fisheries management, in the Swedish government's proposition “A Living Sea- increased protection, decreased eutrophication and sustainable fishing”. It is also focusing on exploring stakeholder identified challenges of implementing a sustainable management of the Baltic Herring. To answer the research questions, a document analysis and semi -structured stakeholder interviews have been performed. The results in this study identified the complexity of the fisheries management in Sweden, with a need for wider implementation of ecosystem-based fisheries management. Further, results show that there is a demand for more environmental and ecological parameters to be included in decisions regarding herring quotas at the EU level. In conclusion, it is clear that the fisheries in the Baltic Sea are facing a complex situation, in need of efficient collaborative management with clear scientific consensus.