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Visualization of Deviations in Coordinate Transformations
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Computer Science.
University of Gävle, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Department of Computer and Geospatial Sciences, Computer Science.
2025 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Visualisering av koordinattransformationsavvikelse (Swedish)
Abstract [en]

Coordinate transformations are essential in geodetic workflows, but current tools such as GTRANS primarily visualize deviations in the horizontal plane (X and Y), often neglecting the vertical component (Z). This omission can lead to misinterpretation of elevation-related distortions, which are crucial in precision-dependent applications.

This study investigates how vertical deviations can be effectively visualized alongside horizontal components using three geo-visualization strategies: color-coded 2D, symbolic 2D projection, and interactive 3D vectors. A convergent mixed methods approach was used, involving seven participants who completed two tasks: estimating vertical deviation and identifying spatial outliers.

The results show that no single visualization method is optimal in all cases. However, separating the Z component from X and Y improves clarity. The symbolic 2D projection yielded the highest accuracy in technical tasks, while 3D visualization was most effective for spatial understanding and communication. The color-coded 2D method enabled fast scanning but had perceptual limitations.

The study concludes that vertical deviation should be explicitly visualized in transformation tools, and that the choice of visualization should align with user goals, whether focused on accuracy, speed, or interpretability.

Abstract [sv]

Koordinattransformationer är centrala i geodetiska arbetsflöden, men befintliga verktyg som GTRANS visualiserar främst horisontella avvikelser (X och Y), medan den vertikala komponenten (Z) ofta förbises. Detta kan leda till feltolkningar av höjdavvikelser, vilket är särskilt problematiskt i projekt där precision är avgörande.

Detta examensarbete undersöker hur vertikala avvikelser kan visualiseras tillsammans med horisontella genom tre olika geo-visualiseringsstrategier: färgkodad 2D, symbolisk 2D-projektion och interaktiv 3D-visualisering. Studien bygger på en konvergent mixed methods-design där sju deltagare utförde två uppgifter: att uppskatta vertikala avvikelser samt identifiera utliggare.

Resultaten visar att ingen metod är överlägsen i alla sammanhang. Däremot förbättras tolkningen när den vertikala komponenten separeras visuellt från X och Y. Den symboliska 2D-projektionen gav högst precision i tekniska uppgifter, medan 3D-visualiseringen stödde rumslig förståelse och kommunikation bäst. Den färgkodade 2D-metoden möjliggjorde snabb scanning men led av tolkningssvårigheter.

Slutsatsen är att verktyg för koordinattransformation bör visualisera den vertikala avvikelsen tydligt och att val av visualisering bör anpassas efter användarens syfte—oavsett om det handlar om teknisk noggrannhet, snabb överblick eller kommunikativ klarhet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 86
Keywords [en]
Visualization, Geovisualization, Coordinate Transformation, Deviation, Mixed Methods Research, GIS, 3D Visualization, User Study
Keywords [sv]
Visualisering, Geovisualisering, Koordinattransformation, Avvikelse, Mixed Methods Research, GIS, 3D-visualisering, Användarstudie
National Category
Computer and Information Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-48729OAI: oai:DiVA.org:hig-48729DiVA, id: diva2:2011143
External cooperation
Lantmäteriet
Subject / course
Computer science
Educational program
Study Programme in Computer Science
Presentation
2025-06-11, Högskolan i Gävle, 08:00 (Swedish)
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2025-11-05 Created: 2025-11-04 Last updated: 2026-05-22Bibliographically approved

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Visualization of Deviations in Coordinate Transformations(1994 kB)29 downloads
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Type fulltextMimetype application/pdf

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